Welcome to TiddlyWiki created by Jeremy Ruston, Copyright © 2007 UnaMesa Association
<<tiddler "1.a Warming of the climate system is unequivocal">>
<<tiddler "1.b Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases">>
<<tiddler "1.c There is medium confidence that other effects of regional climate change on natural and human environments are emerging">>
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|1. |>|[[Observed changes in climate and their effects|1. Observed changes in climate and their effects]] +++ <<tiddler "1. Observed changes in climate and their effects">> === |
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|~|b. |[[Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level|1.a Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level]] +++ <br><<tiddler "1.a Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level">> === |
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|~|b. |[[ Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases|1.b Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases]] +++ <br><<tiddler "1.b Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases">> === |
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|~|c. |[[There is medium confidence that other effects of regional climate change on natural and human environments are emerging|1.c There is medium confidence that other effects of regional climate change on natural and human environments are emerging]] +++ <br><<tiddler "1.c There is medium confidence that other effects of regional climate change on natural and human environments are emerging">> === |
}}}
Since the TAR, progress in understanding how climate is changing in space and time has been gained through improvements and extensions of numerous datasets and data analyses, broader geographical coverage, better understanding of uncertainties, and a wider variety of measurements. {WGI SPM}
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| [[Definitions of climate change]] |
|<<tiddler "Definitions of climate change">> |
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''Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level'' (Figure 1.1). {WGI 3.2, 4.8, 5.2, 5.5, SPM}
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Eleven of the last twelve years (1995-2006) rank among the twelve warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface temperature (since 1850). The 100-year linear trend (1906-2005) of 0.74 [0.56 to 0.92]°C is larger than the corresponding trend trend of 0.6 [0.4 to 0.8]°C (1901-2000) given in the Third Assessment Report (TAR) (Figure 1.1). The linear warming trend over the 50 years 19562005 (0.13 [0.10 to 0.16]°C per decade) is nearly twice that for the 100 years 1906-2005. {WGI 3.2, SPM}
The temperature increase is widespread over the globe, and is greater at higher northern latitudes (Figure 1.2). Average Arctic temperatures have increased at almost twice the global average rate in the past 100 years. Land regions have warmed faster than the oceans (Figures 1.2 and 2.5). Observations since 1961 show that the average temperature of the global ocean has increased to depths of at least 3000 m and that the ocean has been taking up over 80% of the heat being added to the climate system. New analyses of balloon-borne and satellite measurements of lower- and mid-tropospheric temperature show warming rates similar to those observed in surface temperature. {WGI 3.2, 3.4, 5.2, SPM}
> ''Figure 1.1a - Changes in global average surface temperature''<br>[img[fig-01a-tn.jpg]] +++
<<tiddler "Figure 1.1a - Changes in global average surface temperature">>
===
Increases in sea level are consistent with warming (Figure 1.1). Global average sea level rose at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3] mm per year over 1961 to 2003 and at an average rate of about 3.1 [2.4 to 3.8] mm per year from 1993 to 2003. Whether this faster rate for 1993 to 2003 reflects decadal variation or an increase in the longer term trend is unclear. Since 1993 thermal expansion of the oceans has contributed about 57% of the sum of the estimated individual contributions to the sea level rise, with decreases in glaciers and ice-caps contributing about 28% and losses from the polar ice sheets contributing the remainder. From 1993 to 2003 the sum of these climate contributions is consistent within uncertainties with the total sea level rise that is directly observed. {WGI 4.6, 4.8, 5.5, SPM, Table SPM.1}
> ''Figure 1.1b - Changes in global average sea level''<br>[img[fig-01b-tn.jpg]] +++
<<tiddler "Figure 1.1b - Changes in global average sea level">>
===
Observed decreases in snow and ice extent are also consistent with warming (Figure 1.1). Satellite data since 1978 show that annual average Arctic sea ice extent has shrunk by 2.7 [2.1 to 3.3]% per decade, with larger decreases in summer of 7.4 [5.0 to 9.8]% per decade. Mountain glaciers and snow cover on average have declined in both hemispheres. The maximum areal extent of seasonally frozen ground has decreased by about 7% in the Northern Hemisphere since 1900, with decreases in spring of up to 15%. Temperatures at the top of the permafrost layer have generally increased since the 1980s in the Arctic by up to 3°C. {WGI 3.2, 4.5, 4.6, 4.7, 4.8, 5.5, SPM}
> ''Figure 1.1c Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover''<br>[img[fig-01c-tn.jpg]] +++
<<tiddler "Figure 1.1c Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover">>
===
At continental, regional, and ocean basin scales, numerous long-term changes in other aspects of climate have also been observed. Trends from 1900 to 2005 have been observed in precipitation amount in many large regions. Over this period, precipitation increased significantly in eastern parts of North and South America, northern Europe and northern and central Asia whereas precipitation declined in the Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia. Globally, the area affected by drought has likely increased since the 1970s. {WGI 3.3, 3.9, SPM}
Likelihood and confidence statements in italics represent calibrated expressions of uncertainty and confidence. See [[Box 'Treatment of uncertainty]] in the Introduction for an explanation of these terms.
Some extreme weather events have changed in frequency and/or intensity over the last 50 years:
* It is //very likely// that cold days, cold nights and frosts have become less frequent over most land areas, while hot days and hot nights have become more frequent. {WGI 3.8, SPM}
* It is //likely// that heat waves have become more frequent over most land areas. {WGI 3.8, SPM}
* It is //likely// that the frequency of heavy precipitation events (or proportion of total rainfall from heavy falls) has increased over most areas. {WGI 3.8, 3.9, SPM}
* It is //likely// that the incidence of extreme high sea level has increased at a broad range of sites worldwide since 1975. {WGI 5.5, SPM}
There is observational evidence of an increase in intense tropical cyclone activity in the North Atlantic since about 1970, and suggestions of increased intense tropical cyclone activity in some other regions where concerns over data quality are greater. Multi-decadal variability and the quality of the tropical cyclone records prior to routine satellite observations in about 1970 complicate the detection of long-term trends in tropical cyclone activity. {WGI 3.8, SPM}
Average Northern Hemisphere temperatures during the second half of the 20^^th^^ century were //very likely //higher than during any other 50-year period in the last 500 years and //likely //the highest in at least the past 1300 years. {WGI 6.6, SPM}
> The statements presented here are based largely on data sets that cover the period since 1970. The number of studies of observed trends in the physical and biological environment and their relationship to regional climate changes has increased greatly since the TAR. The quality of the data sets has also improved. There is a notable lack of geographic balance in data and literature on observed changes, with marked scarcity in developing countries. {WGII SPM} These studies have allowed a broader and more confident assessment of the relationship between observed warming and impacts than was made in the TAR. That Assessment concluded that "there is //high confidence//^^3 +++
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3. Excluding tsunamis, which are not due to climate change. Extreme high sea level depends on average sea level and on regional weather systems. It is defined here as the highest 1% of hourly values of observed sea level at a station for a given reference period.
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===
^^ that recent regional changes in temperature have had discernible impacts on physical and biological systems". {WGII SPM}
''Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases. {WGII SPM} ''
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There is //high confidence// that natural systems related to snow, ice and frozen ground (including permafrost) are affected. Examples are:
* enlargement and increased numbers of glacial lakes {WGII 1.3, SPM}
* increasing ground instability in permafrost regions, and rock avalanches in mountain regions {WGII 1.3, SPM}
* changes in some Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems , including those in sea-ice biomes, and predators at high levels of the food web. {WGII 1.3, 4.4, 15.4, SPM}
Based on growing evidence, there is //high confidence// that the following effects on hydrological systems are occurring: increased runoff and earlier spring peak discharge in many glacier- and snow-fed rivers; and warming of lakes and rivers in many regions, with effects on thermal structure and water quality. {WGII 1.3, 15.2, SPM}
There is //very high confidence//, based on more evidence from a wider range of species, that recent warming is strongly affecting terrestrial biological systems, including such changes as: earlier timing of spring events, such as leaf-unfolding, bird migration and egg-laying; and poleward and upward shifts in ranges in plant and animal species. Based on satellite observations since the early 1980s, there is //high confidence// that there has been a trend in many regions towards earlier 'greening' of vegetation in the spring linked to longer thermal growing seasons due to recent warming. {WGII 1.3, 8.2, 14.2, SPM}
There is //high confidence//, based on substantial new evidence, that observed changes in marine and freshwater biological systems are associated with rising water temperatures, as well as related changes in ice cover, salinity, oxygen levels, and circulation. These include: shifts in ranges and changes in algal, plankton and fish abundance in high-latitude oceans; increases in algal and zooplankton abundance in high-latitude and high-altitude lakes; and range changes and earlier fish migrations in rivers. While there is increasing evidence for climate change impacts on coral reefs, separating the impacts of climate-related stresses from other stresses (e.g. over-fishing and pollution) is difficult. {WGII 1.3, SPM}
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''Other effects of regional climate changes on natural and human environments are emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and non-climatic drivers. {WGII SPM}''
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Effects of temperature increases have been documented with //medium confidence// in the following managed and human systems:
* agricultural and forestry management at Northern Hemisphere higher latitudes, such as earlier spring planting of crops, and alterations in disturbances of forests due to fires and pests {WGII 1.3, SPM}
* some aspects of human health, such as excess heat-related mortality in Europe, changes in infectious disease vectors in parts of Europe, and earlier onset of and increases in seasonal production of allergenic pollen season in Northern Hemisphere high and mid-latitudes {WGII 1.3, 8.2, 8.ES, SPM}
* some human activities in the Arctic (e.g. hunting and shorter travel seasons over snow and ice) and in lower-elevation alpine areas (such as limitations in mountain sports). {WGII 1.3, SPM}
Sea level rise and human development are together contributing to losses of coastal wetlands and mangroves and increasing damage from coastal flooding in many areas. However, based on the published literature, the impacts have not yet become established trends. {WGII 1.3, 1.ES, SPM}
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Changes in the ocean and on land, including observed decreases in snow cover and Northern Hemisphere sea ice extent, thinner sea ice, shorter freezing seasons of lake and river ice, glacier melt, decreases in permafrost extent, increases in soil temperatures and borehole temperature profiles, and sea level rise, provide additional evidence that the world is warming. {WGI 3.9}
Of the more than 29,000 observational data series, from 75 studies, that show significant change in many physical and biological systems, more than 89% are consistent with the direction of change expected as a response to warming (Figure 1.2). {WGII 1.4, SPM}
''Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004''
<<tiddler "Figure 1.2. Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004">>
Some aspects of climate appear not to have changed and, for some, data inadequacies mean that it cannot be determined if they have changed. Antarctic sea ice extent shows inter-annual variability and localised changes but no statistically significant average multi-decadal trend, consistent with the lack of rise in near-surface atmospheric temperatures averaged across the continent. There is insufficient evidence to determine whether trends exist in some other variables, for example the meridional overturning circulation of the global ocean or small-scale phenomena such as tornadoes, hail, lightning and dust-storms. There is no clear trend in the annual numbers of tropical cyclones. {WGI 3.2, 3.8, 4.4, 5.3, SPM}
''Warming of the climate system is unequivocal, as is now evident from observations of increases in global average air and ocean temperatures, widespread melting of snow and ice, and rising global average sea level'' ([[Figure 1|Figure 1. Changes in temperature, sea level and Northern Hemisphere snow cover]]) {1.1}
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* Eleven of the last twelve years (1995-2006) rank among the twelve warmest years in the instrumental record of global surface temperature (since 1850). The 100-year linear trend (1906-2005) of 0.74 [0.56 to 0.92]°C^^1 +++
> 1. Numbers in square brackets indicate a 90% uncertainty interval around a best estimate, i.e., there is an estimated 5% likelihood that the value could be above the range given in square brackets and 5% likelihood that the value could be below that range. * Uncertainty intervals are not necessarily symmetric around the corresponding best estimate.
=== ^^is larger than the corresponding trend of 0.6 [0.4 to 0.8]?C (1901-2000) given in the Third Assessment Report (TAR) ([[Figure 1a|Figure 1a. Changes in global average surface temperature]]). The temperature increase is widespread over the globe, and is greater at higher northern latitudes. Land regions have warmed faster than the oceans (Figures 2, 4). {1.1, 1.2}
> [img[fig-01a-tn.jpg]] +++
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''Figure 1a. Changes in global average sea level''
<<tiddler "Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level">>
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===
* Rising sea level is consistent with warming ([[Figure 1b|Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level]]). Global average sea level has risen since 1961 at an average rate of 1.8 [1.3 to 2.3]mm/yr and since 1993 at 3.1 [2.4 to 3.8]mm/yr, with contributions from thermal expansion, melting glaciers and ice caps, and the polar ice sheets. Whether the faster rate for 1993 to 2003 reflects decadal variation or an increase in the longer-term trend is unclear. {1.1}
> [img[fig-01b-tn.jpg]] +++
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''Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level''
<<tiddler "Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level">>
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===
* Observed decreases in snow and ice extent are also consistent with warming ([[Figure 1c|Figure 1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover]]). Satellite data since 1978 show that annual average Arctic sea ice extent has shrunk by 2.7 [2.1 to 3.3]% per decade, with larger decreases in summer of 7.4 [5.0 to 9.8]% per decade. Mountain glaciers and snow cover on average have declined in both hemispheres. {1.1}
> [img[fig-01c-tn.jpg]] //full size// +++
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''Figure 1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover''
<<tiddler "Figure 1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover">>
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===
* From 1900 to 2005, precipitation increased significantly in eastern parts of North and South America, northern Europe and northern and central Asia but declined in the Sahel, the Mediterranean, southern Africa and parts of southern Asia. Globally, the area affected by drought has likely^^2 +++
> 2. Words in italics represent calibrated expressions of uncertainty and confidence. Relevant terms are explained in the Box ‘Treatment of uncertainty’ in the Introduction of this Synthesis Report.
=== ^^increased since the 1970s. {1.1}
* It is very likely that over the past 50 years: cold days, cold nights and frosts have become less frequent over most land areas, and hot days and hot nights have become more frequent. It is likely that: heat waves have become more frequent over most land areas, the frequency of heavy precipitation events has increased over most areas, and since 1975 the incidence of extreme high sea level^^3 +++
> 3. Excluding tsunamis, which are not due to climate change. Extreme high sea level depends on average sea level and on regional weather systems. It is defined here as the highest 1% of hourly values of observed sea level at a station for a given reference period.
=== ^^has increased worldwide. {1.1}
* There is observational evidence of an increase in intense tropical cyclone activity in the North Atlantic since about 1970, with limited evidence of increases elsewhere. There is no clear trend in the annual numbers of tropical cyclones. It is difficult to ascertain longer term trends in cyclone activity, particularly prior to 1970.
* Average Northern Hemisphere temperatures during the second half of the 20th century were very likely higher than during any other 50-year period in the last 500 years and likely the highest in at least the past 1300 years. {1.1}
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''Observational evidence''^^4 +++
> 4. Based largely on data sets that cover the period since 1970.
=== ^^'' from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases.'' {1.2}
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* Changes in snow, ice and frozen ground have with high confidence increased the number and size of glacial lakes, increased ground instability in mountain and other permafrost regions, and led to changes in some Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems. {1.2}
* There is high confidence that some hydrological systems have also been affected through increased runoff and earlier spring peak discharge in many glacier- and snow-fed rivers, and effects on thermal structure and water quality of warming rivers and lakes. {1.2}
* In terrestrial ecosystems, earlier timing of spring events and poleward and upward shifts in plant and animal ranges are with very high confidence linked to recent warming. In some marine and freshwater systems, shifts in ranges and changes in algal, plankton and fish abundance are with high confidence associated with rising water temperatures, as well as related changes in ice cover, salinity, oxygen levels and circulation. {1.2}
[img[fig-02-tn.jpg]] +++
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''Figure 2. Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004''
<<tiddler "Figure 2. Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004">>
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===
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''There is //medium confidence// that other effects of regional climate change on natural and human environments are emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and non-climatic drivers.''
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* They include effects of temperature increases on {1.2}
** agricultural and forestry management at Northern Hemisphere higher latitudes, such as earlier spring planting of crops, and alterations in disturbance regimes of forests due to fires and pests
** some aspects of human health, such as heat-related mortality in Europe, changes in infectious disease vectors in some areas, and allergenic pollen in Northern Hemisphere high and mid-latitudes
** some human activities in the Arctic (e.g. hunting and travel over snow and ice) and in lower-elevation alpine areas (such as mountain sports).
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{{clear{
|2. |>|[[Causes of change|2. Causes of change]]<html><blockquote>Changes in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols, land-cover and solar radiation alter the energy balance of the climate system.</blockquote></html> |
|~|a |[[Global GHG emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times|2.a Global GHG emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times]] +++ <br><<tiddler "2.a Global GHG emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times">> === |
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|~|b |[[Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and CH4 in 2005 exceed by far the natural range over the last 650,000 years|2.b Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and CH4 in 2005 exceed by far the natural range over the last 650,000 years]] +++ <br><<tiddler "2.b Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and CH4 in 2005 exceed by far the natural range over the last 650,000 years">> === |
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|~|c |[[Most of the observed increase in globally-averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations|2.c Most of the observed increase in globally-averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations]] +++ <br><<tiddler "2.c Most of the observed increase in globally-averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations">> === |
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|~|d |[[Advances since the TAR show that discernible human influences extend beyond average temperature to other aspects of climate|2.d Advances since the TAR show that discernible human influences extend beyond average temperature to other aspects of climate]] +++ <br><<tiddler "2.d Advances since the TAR show that discernible human influences extend beyond average temperature to other aspects of climate">> === |
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|~|e |[[Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale|2.e Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale]] +++ <br><<tiddler "2.e Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale">> === |
}}}
@@background:#fff;
Changes in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (~GHGs) and aerosols, land-cover and solar radiation alter the energy balance of the climate system.
* <<tiddler "2.a Global GHG emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times">>
* <<tiddler "2.b Atmospheric concentrations of CO2 and CH4 in 2005 exceed by far the natural range over the last 650,000 years">>
* <<tiddler "2.c Most of the observed increase in globally-averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations">>
* <<tiddler "2.d Advances since the TAR show that discernible human influences extend beyond average temperature to other aspects of climate">>
* <<tiddler "2.e Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale">>
@@
''Global GHG emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times, with an increase of 70% between 1970 and 2004 ([[Figure 3|Figure 3. Global anthropogenic GHG emissions]]).''^^5 +++
> 5. Includes only CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~, N~~2~~O, ~HFCs, ~PFCs and ~SF6 whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC. These ~GHGs are weighted by their 100-year Global Warming Potentials, using values consistent with reporting under the UNFCCC.
=== ^^ {2.1}
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Carbon dioxide (CO~~2~~) is the most important anthropogenic GHG. Its annual emissions grew by about 80% between 1970 and 2004. The long-term trend of declining CO~~2~~ emissions per unit of energy supplied reversed after 2000. {2.1}
''Figure 3. Global anthropogenic GHG emissions''
[img[fig-03-tn.jpg]] +++
> <<tiddler "Figure 3. Global anthropogenic GHG emissions">>
===
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''Atmospheric concentrations of CO~~2~~ (379ppm) and CH~~4~~ (1774 ppb) in 2005 exceed by far the natural range over the last 650,000 years. Global increases in CO~~2~~ concentrations are due primarily to fossil fuel use, with land-use change providing another significant but smaller contribution. It is very likely that the observed increase in CH~~4~~ concentration is predominantly due to agriculture and fossil fuel use. Methane growth rates have declined since the early 1990s, consistent with total emission (sum of anthropogenic and natural sources) being nearly constant during this period. The increase in N~~2~~O concentration is primarily due to agriculture.'' {2.2} +++
* There is very high confidence that the net effect of human activities since 1750 has been one of warming.^^6 +++
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6. Increases in ~GHGs tend to warm the surface while the net effect of increases in aerosols tends to cool it.
: The net effect due to human activities since the pre-industrial era is one of warming (+1.6 [+0.6 to +2.4]W/m2).
: In comparison, changes in solar irradiance are estimated to have caused a small warming effect (+0.12 [+0.06 to +0.30]W/m2).
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=== ^^{2.2}
===
''Most of the observed increase in globally-averaged temperatures since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations.''^^7 +++
> 7 Consideration of remaining uncertainty is based on current methodologies.
=== ^^ ''It is likely there has been significant anthropogenic warming over the past 50 years averaged over each continent (except Antarctica)'' (Figure 4). {2.4} +++
* During the past 50 years, the sum of solar and volcanic forcings would likely have produced cooling. Observed patterns of warming and their changes are simulated only by models that include anthropogenic forcings. Difficulties remain in simulating and attributing observed temperature changes at smaller than continental scales. {2.4}
===
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''Figure 4. Global and continental temperature change''
[img[fig-04-tn.jpg]] +++
<<tiddler "Figure 4. Global and continental temperature change">>
===
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''Advances since the TAR show that discernible human influences extend beyond average temperature to other aspects of climate.'' {2.4} +++
* Human influences have: {2.4}
** very likely contributed to sea level rise during the latter half of the 20th century
** likely contributed to changes in wind patterns, affecting extra-tropical storm tracks and temperature patterns
** likely increased temperatures of extreme hot nights, cold nights and cold days
** more likely than not increased risk of heat waves, area affected by drought since the 1970s and frequency of heavy precipitation events.
===
''Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has likely had a discernible influence at the global scale on observed changes in many physical and biological systems.'' {2.4} +++
* Spatial agreement between regions of significant warming across the globe and locations of significant observed changes in many systems consistent with warming is very unlikely to be due solely to natural variability. Several modelling studies have linked some specific responses in physical and biological systems to anthropogenic warming. {2.4}
* More complete attribution of observed natural system responses to anthropogenic warming is currently prevented by the short time scales of many impact studies, greater natural climate variability at regional scales, contributions of non-climate factors and limited spatial coverage of studies. {2.4}
===
<<tiddler "3.a High agreement and much evidence global GHG emissions will continue to grow">>
<<tiddler "3.b GHG emissions at or above current rates: further warming; more changes in global climate system">>
Some systems, sectors and regions are likely to be especially affected by climate change. ^^12^^ +++
>> Identified on the basis of expert judgement of the assessed literature and considering the magnitude, timing and projected rate of climate change, sensitivity and adaptive capacity.
===
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''Systems and sectors'': {3.3.4} +++
* particular ecosystems:
** terrestrial: tundra, boreal forest and mountain regions because of sensitivity to warming; mediterranean-type ecosystems because of reduction in rainfall; and tropical rainforests where precipitation declines
** coastal: mangroves and salt marshes, due to multiple stresses
** marine: coral reefs due to multiple stresses; the sea ice biome because of sensitivity to warming
* water resources in some dry regions at mid-latitudes^^13^^ and in the dry tropics, due to changes in rainfall and evapotranspiration, and in areas dependent on snow and ice melt
* agriculture in low-latitudes , due to reduced water availability
* low-lying coastal systems, due to threat of sea level rise and increased risk from extreme weather events
* human health in populations with low adaptive capacity.
> ^^13^^ +++
> Including arid and semi-arid regions.
===
===
''Regions'': {3.3.4} +++
* the Arctic, because of the impacts of high rates of projected warming on natural systems and human communities
* Africa, because of low adaptive capacity and projected climate change impacts
* small islands, where there is high exposure of population and infrastructure to projected climate change impacts
* Asian and African megadeltas, due to large populations and high exposure to sea level rise, storm surges and river flooding.
Within other areas, even those with high incomes, some people (such as the poor, young children, and the elderly) can be particularly at risk, and also some areas and some activities. {3.3.4}
===
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''There is high agreement and much evidence that with current climate change mitigation policies and related sustainable development practices, global GHG emissions will continue to grow over the next few decades.'' {3.1} +++
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* The IPCC Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES, 2000) projects an increase of global GHG emissions by 25-90% (CO^^2^^-eq) between 2000 and 2030 ([[Figure 5|Figure 5: Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures]]), with fossil fuels maintaining their dominant position in the global energy mix to 2030 and beyond. More recent scenarios without additional emissions mitigation are comparable in range. ^^8^^, ^^9 +++
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8. For an explanation of SRES emission scenarios, see Box ‘SRES scenarios’ of this Synthesis Report. These scenarios do not include additional climate policy above current ones; more recent studies differ with respect to UNFCCC and Kyoto Protocol inclusion.
9. Emission pathways of mitigation scenarios are discussed in Section 5.
===
^^{3.1}
''Figure 5'' +++
''Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures''
<<tiddler "Figure 5. Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures">>
===
''Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the 21st century that would very likely be larger than those observed during the 20th century.'' ([[Table 1|Table 1. Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]], [[Figure 5|Figure 5. Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures]]). {3.2.1} +++
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''Figure 5. Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures''
[img[fig-05-tn.jpg]] +++
<<tiddler "Figure 5. Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures">>
===
* For the next two decades a warming of about 0.2°C per decade is projected for a range of SRES emissions scenarios. Even if the concentrations of all greenhouse gases and aerosols had been kept constant at year 2000 levels, a further warming of about 0.1°C per decade would be expected. Afterwards, temperature projections increasingly depend on specific emission scenarios. {3.2}
''Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century'' +++
<<tiddler "Table 1. Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century">>
===
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'''The range of projections ([[Table 1|Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]]) is broadly consistent with the TAR, but uncertainties and upper ranges for temperature are larger mainly because the broader range of available models suggests stronger climate-carbon cycle feedbacks. Warming reduces terrestrial and ocean uptake of atmospheric CO^^2^^, increasing the fraction of anthropogenic emissions remaining in the atmosphere. The strength of this feedback effect varies markedly among models.'' {2.3, 3.2.1}
[[Table 1|Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]] +++
> <<tiddler "Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century">>
===
''Because understanding of some important effects driving sea level rise is too limited, this report does not assess the likelihood, nor provide a best estimate or an upper bound for sea level rise. [[Table 1|Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]] shows model-based projections of global average sea level rise for 2090-2099.^^10^^ The projections do not include uncertainties in climate-carbon cycle feedbacks nor the full effects of changes in ice sheet flow, therefore the upper values of the ranges are not to be considered upper bounds for sea level rise. They include a contribution from increased Greenland and Antarctic ice flow at the rates observed for 1993-2003, but this could increase or decrease in the future.''^^11^^ {3.2.1}
[[Table 1|Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]] +++
> <<tiddler "Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century">>
===
''Notes'' +++
<<<
10 TAR projections were made for 2100, whereas the projections for this report are for 2090-2099. The TAR would have had similar ranges to those in Table 1 if it had treated uncertainties in the same way.
11 For discussion of the longer term see material below
<<<
===
''There is now higher confidence than in the TAR in projected patterns of warming and other regional-scale features, including changes in wind patterns, precipitation, and some aspects of extremes and sea ice.'' {3.2.2} +++
<<<
Figure 7 presents examples of this new information for systems and sectors. The top panel shows impacts increasing with increasing temperature change. Their estimated magnitude and timing is also affected by development pathway (lower panel). {3.3.1, 3.3.2}
[[Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]]
[img[fig-07a-tn.jpg]] ^^//expand figure//^^ +++
<<tiddler "Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]">>
===
''Regional-scale changes'' include: {3.2.2} +++
* warming greatest over land and at most high northern latitudes and least over Southern Ocean and parts of the North Atlantic Ocean,
** continuing recent observed trends ([[Figure 6|Figure 6: Geographical pattern of surface warming]]) in
*** contraction of snow cover area,
*** increases in thaw depth over most permafrost regions, and
*** decrease in sea ice extent;
** in some projections using SRES scenarios,
*** Arctic late-summer sea ice disappears almost entirely by the latter part of the 21st century
* very likely increase in frequency of hot extremes, heat waves, and heavy precipitation
* likely increase in tropical cyclone intensity; less confidence in global decrease of tropical cyclone numbers
* poleward shift of extra-tropical storm tracks with consequent changes in wind, precipitation, and temperature patterns
* very likely precipitation increases in high latitudes and likely decreases in most subtropical land regions, continuing observed recent trends
===
[[Figure 6: Geographical pattern of surface warming]]
[img[fig-06-tn.jpg]] ^^//expand figure//^^ +++
<<tiddler "Figure 6: Geographical pattern of surface warming">>
===
===
''Studies since the TAR have enabled more systematic understanding of the timing and magnitude of impacts
related to differing amounts and rates of climate change.'' {3.3.1, 3.3.2} +++
<<<
[[Figure 7|Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] presents examples of this new information for systems and sectors. The top panel shows impacts increasing with increasing temperature change. Their estimated magnitude and timing is also affected by development pathway (lower panel). {3.3.1, 3.3.2}
''Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming'''
<<tiddler "Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming">>
<<<
===
Examples of some projected impacts for different regions are given in ''Table 2''.
> <<tiddler "Table 2: Examples of some projected regional impacts''>>
The uptake of anthropogenic carbon since 1750 has led to the ocean becoming more acidic with an average decrease in pH of 0.1 units. Increasing atmospheric CO~~2~~ concentrations lead to further acidification. Projections based on SRES scenarios give a reduction in average global surface ocean pH of between 0.14 and 0.35 units over the 21st century. While the effects of observed ocean acidification on the marine biosphere are as yet undocumented, the progressive acidification of oceans is expected to have negative impacts on marine shell-forming organisms (e.g. corals) and their dependent species. {3.3.1} +++
<<<
Altered frequencies and intensities of extreme weather, together with sea level rise, are expected to have mostly adverse effects on natural and human systems. {3.3.3}
Examples for selected extremes and sectors are shown in Table SPM.3. {Table 3.2}
''Altered frequencies and intensities of extreme weather, together with sea level rise, are expected to have
mostly adverse effects on natural and human systems.'' {3.3.3}
<<<
Examples for selected extremes and sectors are shown in [[Table 3|Table 3: Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events]]. {Table 3.2}
''Table 3''. Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events, based on projections to the mid- to late 21st century. These do not take into account any changes or developments in adaptive capacity. The likelihood estimates in column 2 relate to the phenomena listed in column 1. {WGII Table ~SPM-1}
<<tiddler "Table 3. Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events">>
<<<
: //Note// +++
> ^^14 While this section deals with adaptation and mitigation separately, these responses can be complementary. This theme is discussed in [[section 5|5. The long-term perspective]].^^
===
''A wide array of adaptation options is available, but more extensive adaptation than is currently occurring is required to reduce vulnerability to climate change. There are barriers, limits and costs, which are not fully understood.'' {4.2}
<<<
Societies have a long record of managing the impacts of weather- and climate-related events. Nevertheless, additional adaptation measures will be required to reduce the adverse impacts of projected climate change and variability, regardless of the scale of mitigation undertaken over the next two to three decades. Moreover, vulnerability to climate change can be exacerbated by other stresses. These arise from, for example, current climate hazards, poverty and unequal access to resources, food insecurity, trends in economic globalisation, conflict and incidence of diseases such as HIV/AIDS. {4.2}
Some planned adaptation to climate change is already occurring on a limited basis. Adaptation can reduce vulnerability especially when it is embedded within broader sectoral initiatives ([[Table 4|Table 4. Selected examples of planned adaptation by sector]]). There is high confidence that there are viable adaptation options that can be implemented in some sectors at low cost, and/or with high benefit-cost ratios. However, comprehensive estimates of global costs and benefits of adaptation are limited. {4.2, Table 4.1}
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''Adaptive capacity is intimately connected to social and economic development but is unevenly distributed across and within societies.'' {4.2}
<<<
A range of barriers limit both the implementation and effectiveness of adaptation measures. The capacity to adapt is dynamic and is influenced by a society‘s productive base including: natural and man-made capital assets, social networks and entitlements, human capital and institutions, governance, national income, health and technology. Even societies with high adaptive capacity remain vulnerable to climate change, variability and extremes. {4.2}
<<<
''Both bottom-up and top-down studies indicate that there is high agreement and much evidence of substantial economic potential for the mitigation of global GHG emissions over the coming decades that could offset the projected growth of global emissions or reduce emissions below current levels ([[Figure 9|Figure 9. Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030]], [[10|Figure 10. Economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 estimated from bottom-up studies]])''^^15 +++
<<<
15 The concept of “mitigation potential” has been developed to assess the scale of GHG reductions that could be made, relative to emission baselines, for a given level of carbon price (expressed in cost per unit of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions avoided or reduced). Mitigation potential is further differentiated in terms of “market mitigation potential” and “economic mitigation potential”.
* ''Market mitigation potential'' is the mitigation potential based on private costs and private discount rates (reflecting the perspective of private consumers and companies ), which might be expected to occur under forecast market conditions, including policies and measures currently in place, noting that barriers limit actual uptake.
* ''Economic mitigation potential'' is the mitigation potential, which takes into account social costs and benefits and social discount rates (reflecting the perspective of society; social discount rates are lower than those used by private investors ), assuming that market efficiency is improved by policies and measures and barriers are removed.
* Mitigation potential is estimated using different types of approaches.
** ''Bottom-up studies'' are based on assessment of mitigation options, emphasizing specific technologies and regulations. They are typically sectoral studies taking the macro-economy as unchanged.
** ''Top-down studies'' assess the economy-wide potential of mitigation options. They use globally consistent frameworks and aggregated information about mitigation options and capture macro-economic and market feedbacks.
<<<
===^^ ''While top-down and bottom-up studies are in line at the global level ([[Figure 9|Figure 9. Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030]]) there are considerable differences at the sectoral level.'' {4.3}
<<<
No single technology can provide all of the mitigation potential in any sector. The economic mitigation potential, which is generally greater than the market mitigation potential, can only be achieved when adequate policies are in place and barriers removed ([[Table 5|Table 5. Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities]]).
Bottom-up studies suggest that mitigation opportunities with net negative costs have the potential to reduce emissions by around 6 ~GtCO~~2~~-eq/yr in 2030, realizing which requires dealing with implementation barriers. {4.3}
<<<
''Table 4. Selected examples of planned adaptation by sector'' +++
<<tiddler "Table 4. Selected examples of planned adaptation by sector">>
===
''Figure 9. Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030''
[img[fig-09-tn.jpg]] //expand figure// +++
<<tiddler "Figure 9. Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030">>
===
''Figure 10. Economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 estimated from bottom-up studies''
[img[fig-10-tn.jpg]] //expand figure// +++
<<tiddler "Figure 10. Economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 estimated from bottom-up studies">>
===
''Table 5. Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities'' +++
<<tiddler "Table 5. Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities">>
===
<<<
Future energy infrastructure investment decisions, expected to exceed 20 trillion US$^^16 +++
>16. 20 trillion = 20,000 billion = 20×10^^12^^
=== ^^between 2005 and 2030, will have long-term impacts on GHG emissions, because of the long life-times of energy plants and other infrastructure capital stock. The widespread diffusion of low-carbon technologies may take many decades, even if early investments in these technologies are made attractive. Initial estimates show that returning global energy-related CO~~2~~ emissions to 2005 levels by 2030 would require a large shift in investment patterns, although the net additional investment required ranges from negligible to 5-10%. {4.3}
<<<
''A wide variety of policies and instruments are available to governments to create the incentives for mitigation action. Their applicability depends on national circumstances and sectoral context ([[Table 5|Table 5. Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities]]).'' {4.3}
<<<
They include integrating climate policies in wider development policies, regulations and standards, taxes and charges, tradable permits, financial incentives, voluntary agreements, information instruments, and research, development and demonstration (RD&D). {4.3}
An effective carbon-price signal could realise significant mitigation potential in all sectors. Modelling studies show global carbon prices rising to 20-80 US$/tCO~~2~~-eq by 2030 are consistent with stabilisation at around 550 ppm CO~~2~~-eq by 2100. For the same stabilisation level, induced technological change may lower these price ranges to 5-65 US$/tCO~~2~~-eq in 2030.^^17 +++
> 17 Studies on mitigation portfolios and macro-economic costs assessed in this report are based on top-down modelling. Most models use a global least cost approach to mitigation portfolios, with universal emissions trading, assuming transparent markets, no transaction cost, and thus perfect implementation of mitigation measures throughout the 21st century. Costs are given for a specific point in time. Global modelled costs will increase if some regions, sectors (e.g. land-use), options or gases are excluded. Global modelled costs will decrease with lower baselines, use of revenues from carbon taxes and auctioned permits, and if induced technological learning is included. These models do not consider climate benefits and generally also co-benefits of mitigation measures, or equity issues. Significant progress has been achieved in applying approaches based on induced technological change to stabilisation studies; however, conceptual issues remain. In the models that consider induced technological change, projected costs for a given stabilisation level are reduced; the reductions are greater at lower stabilisation level.
=== ^^{4.3}
There is //high agreement// and //much evidence// that mitigation actions can result in near-term co-benefits (e.g. improved health due to reduced air pollution) that may offset a substantial fraction of mitigation costs. {4.3}
There is //high agreement// and //medium evidence// that Annex I countries‘ actions may affect the global economy and global emissions, although the scale of carbon leakage remains uncertain.^^18 +++
> 18 Further details may be found in Topic 4 of the Synthesis Report.
=== ^^{4.3}
Fossil fuel exporting nations (in both Annex I and non-Annex I countries) may expect, as indicated in the TAR, lower demand and prices and lower GDP growth due to mitigation policies. The extent of this spill over depends strongly on assumptions related to policy decisions and oil market conditions.
There is also high agreement and medium evidence that changes in lifestyle, behaviour patterns and management practices can contribute to climate change mitigation across all sectors. {4.3}
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''Many options for reducing global GHG emissions through international cooperation exist. There is high agreement and much evidence that notable achievements of the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol are the establishment of a global response to climate change, stimulation of an array of national policies, and the creation of an international carbon market and new institutional mechanisms that may provide the foundation for future mitigation efforts. Progress has also been made in addressing adaptation within the UNFCCC and additional international initiatives have been suggested.'' {4.5}
<<<
Greater cooperative efforts and expansion of market mechanisms will help to reduce global costs for achieving a given level of mitigation, or will improve environmental effectiveness. Efforts can include diverse elements such as emissions targets; sectoral, local, sub-national and regional actions; RD&D programmes; adopting common policies; implementing development oriented actions; or expanding financing instruments. {4.5}
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''In several sectors, climate response options can be implemented to realise synergies and avoid conflicts with other dimensions of sustainable development. Decisions about macroeconomic and other non-climate policies can significantly affect emissions, adaptive capacity and vulnerability.'' {4.4, 5.8}
<<<
Making development more sustainable can enhance mitigative and adaptive capacities, reduce emissions, and reduce vulnerability, but there may be barriers to implementation. On the other hand, it is very likely that climate change can slow the pace of progress towards sustainable development. Over the next half-century, climate change could impede achievement of the [[Millennium Development Goals]]. {5.8}
<<<
''Determining what constitutes “dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system” in relation to Article 2 of the UNFCCC involves value judgements. Science can support informed decisions on this issue, including by providing criteria for judging which vulnerabilities might be labelled “key”''. {Box ‘Key Vulnerabilities and Article 2 of the UNFCCC’, topic 5}
<<<
Key vulnerabilities^^19^^ may be associated with many climate sensitive systems including food supply, infrastructure, health, water resources, coastal systems, ecosystems, global biogeochemical cycles, ice sheets, and modes of oceanic and atmospheric circulation.{Box ”Key Vulnerabilities and Article 2 of the UNFCCC‘, topic 5} ^^Note 19^^ +++
Key Vulnerabilities can be identified based on a number of criteria in the literature, including magnitude, timing, persistence/reversibility, the potential for adaptation, distributional aspects, likelihood and ‘importance’ of the impacts.
===
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''The five “reasons for concern” identified in the TAR remain a viable framework to consider key vulnerabilities. These “reasons” are assessed here to be stronger than in the TAR. Many risks are identified with higher confidence. Some risks are projected to be larger or to occur at lower increases in temperature. Understanding about the relationship between impacts (the basis for “reasons for concern” in the TAR) and vulnerability (that includes the ability to adapt to impacts) has improved.'' {5.2}
<<<
This is due to more precise identification of the circumstances that make systems, sectors and regions especially vulnerable, and growing evidence of the risks of very large impacts on multiple century time scales. {5.2}
* ''Risks to unique and threatened systems''.
** There is new and stronger evidence of observed impacts of climate change on unique and vulnerable systems (such as polar and high mountain communities and ecosystems), with increasing levels of adverse impacts as temperatures increase further.
** An increasing risk of species extinction and coral reef damage is projected with higher confidence than in the TAR as warming proceeds.
** There is medium confidence that approximately 20-30% of plant and animal species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if increases in global average temperature exceed 1.5-2.5°C over 1980-1999 levels.
** Confidence has increased that a 1-2°C increase in global mean temperature above 1990 levels (about 1.5-2.5°C above pre-industrial) poses significant risks to many unique and threatened systems including many biodiversity hotspots.
** Corals are vulnerable to thermal stress and have low adaptive capacity. Increases in sea surface temperature of about 1-3°C are projected to result in more frequent coral bleaching events and widespread mortality, unless there is thermal adaptation or acclimatization by corals.
** Increasing vulnerability of indigenous communities in the Arctic and small island communities to warming is projected.
* ''Risks of extreme weather events''.
** Responses to some recent extreme events reveal higher levels of vulnerability than the TAR.
** There is now higher confidence in the projected increases in droughts, heatwaves, and floods as well as their adverse impacts.
* ''Distribution of impacts and vulnerabilities''.
** There are sharp differences across regions and those in the weakest economic position are often the most vulnerable to climate change.
** There is increasing evidence of greater vulnerability of specific groups such as the poor and elderly in not only developing but also developed countries.
** Moreover, there is increased evidence that low-latitude and less-developed areas generally face greater risk, for example in dry areas and mega-deltas.
* ''Aggregate impacts''.
** Compared to the TAR, initial net market-based benefits from climate change are projected to peak at a lower magnitude of warming, while damages would be higher for larger magnitudes of warming.
** The net costs of impacts of increased warming are projected to increase over time.
* ''Risks of large-scale singularities''.
** There is high confidence that global warming over many centuries would lead to a sea level rise contribution from thermal expansion alone which is projected to be much larger than observed over the 20th century, with loss of coastal area and associated impacts.
** There is better understanding than in the TAR that the risk of additional contributions to sea level rise from both the Greenland and possibly Antarctic ice sheets may be larger than projected by ice sheet models and could occur on century time scales. This is because ice dynamical processes seen in recent observations but not fully included in ice sheet models assessed in AR4 could increase the rate of ice loss.
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''There is high confidence that neither adaptation nor mitigation alone can avoid all climate change impacts; however, they can complement each other and together can significantly reduce the risks of climate change.'' {5.3}
<<<
Adaptation is necessary in the short and longer term to address impacts resulting from the warming that would occur even for the lowest stabilisation scenarios assessed.
* There are barriers, limits and costs, but these are not fully understood.
* Unmitigated climate change would, in the long term, be likely to exceed the capacity of natural, managed and human systems to adapt.
* The time at which such limits could be reached will vary between sectors and regions.
* Early mitigation actions would avoid further locking in carbon intensive infrastructure and reduce climate change and associated adaptation needs. {5.2, 5.3}
<<<
''Many impacts can be reduced, delayed or avoided by mitigation. Mitigation efforts and investments over the next two to three decades will have a large impact on opportunities to achieve lower stabilisation levels. Delayed emission reductions significantly constrain the opportunities to achieve lower stabilisation levels and increase the risk of more severe climate change impacts.'' {5.3, 5.4, 5.7}
<<<
In order to stabilise the concentration of ~GHGs in the atmosphere, emissions would need to peak and decline thereafter. The lower the stabilisation level, the more quickly this peak and decline would need to occur. ^^20^^ {5.4} +++
20. For the lowest mitigation scenario category assessed, emissions would need to peak by 2015 and for the highest by 2090 (see [[Table 3|Table 3: Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events]]). Scenarios that use alternative emission pathways show substantial differences in the rate of global climate change.
===
[[Table 6|Table 6: Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only]] and [[Figure 11|Figure 11. CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels]] summarise the required emission levels for different groups of stabilisation concentrations and the resulting equilibrium global warming and long-term sea level rise due to thermal expansion only.^^21^^ The timing and level of mitigation to reach a given temperature stabilisation level is earlier and more stringent if climate sensitivity is high than if it is low. {5.4, 5.7} ''Note 21'' +++
<<<
21. Estimates for the evolution of temperature over the course of this century are not available in the AR4 for the stabilisation scenarios. For most stabilisation levels global average temperature is approaching the equilibrium level over a few centuries. For the much lower stabilisation scenarios (category I and II, [[Figure 11|Figure 11. CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels]]), the equilibrium temperature may be reached earlier.
<<<
===
Sea level rise under warming is inevitable.
* Thermal expansion would continue for many centuries after GHG concentrations have stabilised, for any of the stabilisation levels assessed, causing an eventual sea level rise much larger than projected for the 21st century.
* The eventual contributions from Greenland ice sheet loss could be several metres, and larger than from thermal expansion, should warming in excess of 1.9-4.6°C above pre-industrial be sustained over many centuries.
* The long time scales of thermal expansion and ice sheet response to warming imply that stabilisation of GHG concentrations at or above present levels would not stabilise sea level for many centuries. {5.3, 5.4}
''Table 6. Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only.'' +++
<<tiddler "Table 6. Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only">>
===
''Figure 11. CO~~2~~ emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels''
[img[fig-11-tn.jpg]] //expand image// +++
<<tiddler "Figure 11. CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels">>
===
<<<
''There is //high agreement// and //much evidence// that all stabilisation levels assessed can be achieved by deployment of a portfolio of technologies that are either currently available or expected to be commercialised in coming decades, assuming appropriate and effective incentives are in place for their development, acquisition, deployment and diffusion and addressing related barriers.'' {5.5}
<<<
All assessed stabilisation scenarios indicate that 60-80% of the reductions would come from energy supply and use, and industrial processes, with energy efficiency playing a key role in many scenarios. Including non-CO~~2~~ and CO~~2~~ land-use and forestry mitigation options provides greater flexibility and cost-effectiveness. Low stabilisation levels require early investments and substantially more rapid diffusion and commercialisation of advanced low-emissions technologies.
Without substantial investment flows and effective technology transfer, it may be difficult to achieve emission reduction at a significant scale. Mobilizing financing of incremental costs of low-carbon technologies is important. {5.5}
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''The macro-economic costs of mitigation generally rise with the stringency of the stabilisation target ([[Table 7|Table 7. Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050]]). For specific countries and sectors, costs vary considerably from the global average.''^^22^^ {5.6} +++
> 22 See footnote 17 for more detail on cost estimates and model assumptions.
===
> In 2050, global average macro-economic costs for mitigation towards stabilisation between 710 and 445ppm CO~~2~~eq are between a 1% gain and 5.5% decrease of global GDP ([[Table 7|Table 7. Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050]]). This corresponds to slowing average annual global GDP growth by less than 0.12 percentage points. {5.6}
''Table 7. Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050'' +++
<<tiddler "Table 7. Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050">>
===
''Responding to climate change involves an iterative risk management process that includes both adaptation and mitigation and takes into account climate change damages, co-benefits, sustainability, equity, and attitudes to risk.'' {5.1}
Impacts of climate change are //very likely// to impose net annual costs which will increase over time as global temperatures increase. Peer-reviewed estimates of the social cost of carbon^^23^^ in 2005 average US$12 per tonne of CO~~2~~, but the range from 100 estimates is large (-$3 to $95/tCO~~2~~). This is due in large part to differences in assumptions regarding climate sensitivity, response lags, the treatment of risk and equity, economic and noneconomic impacts, the inclusion of potentially catastrophic losses, and discount rates. Aggregate estimates of costs mask significant differences in impacts across sectors, regions and populations and //very likely// underestimate damage costs because they cannot include many non-quantifiable impacts. {5.7} //Note 23// +++
> 23 Net economic costs of damages from climate change aggregated across the globe and discounted to the specified year.
Limited and early analytical results from integrated analyses of the costs and benefits of mitigation indicate that they are broadly comparable in magnitude, but do not as yet permit an unambiguous determination of an emissions pathway or stabilisation level where benefits exceed costs. {5.7}
Climate sensitivity is a key uncertainty for mitigation scenarios for specific temperature levels.
Choices about the scale and timing of GHG mitigation involve balancing the economic costs of more rapid emission reductions now against the corresponding medium-term and long-term climate risks of delay. {5.4}
The ''60dpingo'' tag is for tiddlers relating to the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]].
|<<siteMap "un dpi">> |<<siteMap ngo-dpi>> |
The ''60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference'', organized by an NGO '''Planning Committee''' in partnership with the United Nations Department of Public Information, will be held from September 5-7, 2007 at UN Headquarters in New York on the theme: ''Climate Change: How It Impacts Us All''. http://www.undpingoconference.org
The ''60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference'' will be the last to be held at UN Headquarters for several years, and this site is being developed with the vision of building a prototype of an online framework that would facilitate broad-based NGO participation in future Annual DPI/NGO Conferences.
!! Conference participants
Approximately 2,000 representatives of ~NGOs from around the world are expected to participate in the Conference.
!! Conference Agenda
!!! Plenary & Roundtable Sessions
<<<
!!!! Opening Session
!!!! Climate Change: The Scientific Evidence
!!!! Climate Change: Indigenous Peoples, Culture & Traditional Knowledge
!!!! Water Security & Climate Change
!!!! [[Coping With Climate Change: Best Land Use Practices]]
!!!! The Economics & Politics of Climate Change
!!!! Climate Change: Streamlining the System
!!!! Sustainable Development & the Responsibility to Protect
!!!! Closing Session
<<<
!!! ~Mid-Day Workshops
In addition to the roundtable sessions, 33 workshops addressing issues relating to the roundtable themes and organized by ~NGOs, will be held between 1:15 and 2:45 pm each day of the conference.
!! See also
* [[Draft DPI/NGO 2007 Declaration on Climate Change]]
* [[NGO Framework for Action on Climate Change]]
* [[Climate Change Summer]]
!! Climate Change Threats - An NGO Framework for Action
The Preparatory Committee of the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]] (September 5-7, 2007) invites all participants to concur by consensus on September 7th with the Declaration on the reverse of this sheet.
Substantive suggestions for improvement are also invited; but they must be received by 6pm on September 6th and should foster a consensus. Recommendation forms should be placed into the boxes in Conference Rooms 1 and 4, or given to the Drafting Committee members, Mr. Larry Roeder, Dr. William Gellermann and Ms. Moki Kokoris, who will often be in the UN Cafeteria near the windows overlooking the East River. Recommended suggestions MUST BE 25 words or less.
The Drafting Committee's work is supervised by a Senior Review Committee made up of Sister Joan Kirby (outgoing Chairperson of the NGO/DPI Executive Committee), Jeffery Huffines (incoming Chair of the NGO/DPI Executive Committee), and Richard Jordan (Chair of the 60th NGO/DPI Conference)
Members of the NGO/DPI and ECOSOC NGO communities deal with a spectrum of issues that might not normally involve collaboration; but networking will be crucial to dealing with Climate Change, especially as it challenges all of us. The purpose of the Declaration is to provide a framework for action and collaborative networking, a tool to enable us to work together on the threats of climate change, which is essential to serving all of our particular mandates.
The Declaration envisages that over the next 12 months, we will collaborate and report our efforts to the ~Secretary-General, while continuing our collaboration in coping with the threats. The process by which this is to be done will be facilitated by the NGO/DPI Executive Committee. The recommendations that come out of the process do not need to have full consensus support across the entire NGO community; but they do need to be developed in the spirit of collaboration with and among all ~NGOs.
The ''60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference Planning Committee'' was responsible for planning the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]] and met on a weekly basis - with occasional exceptions - each Thursday at United Nations from February ? 2007 until the conference took place on September 5-7, 2007.
!! ~Co-Chairs
<<<
[[Juan Carlos Brandt]], Chief, NGO Section, United Nations Department of Public Information
[[Richard Jordan]],
Made by Faith Community Participants during the United Nations Climate Change Conference (~COP11 and COP/~MOP1), St. Joseph ’s Oratory, Montreal December 4, 2005
* We hear the call of the Earth.
* We believe that caring for life on Earth is a spiritual commitment.
* People and other species have the right to life unthreatened by human greed and destructiveness.
* Pollution, particularly from the energy-intensive wealthy industrialised countries, is warming the atmosphere. A warmer atmosphere is leading to major climate changes. The poor and vulnerable in the world and future generations will suffer the most.
* We commit ourselves to help reduce the threat of climate change through actions in our own lives, pressure on governments and industries and standing in solidarity with those most affected by climate change.
* We pray for spiritual support in responding to the call of the Earth.
> From [[Protecting Creation: People of faith acting together for climate justice|http://protectingcreation.org/ccdeclaration.htm]]
!! A. Introduction
This Summary sets out the key policy-relevant findings of the Fourth Assessment of Working Group II of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC).
The Assessment is of current scientific understanding of impacts of climate change on natural, managed and human systems, the capacity of these systems to adapt and their vulnerability^^1^^. It builds upon past IPCC assessments and incorporates new knowledge gained since the Third Assessment.
Statements in this Summary are based on chapters in the Assessment and principal sources are given at the end of each paragraph^^2^^.
# What can scientific, technical, and socio-economic analyses contribute to the determination of what constitutes dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system as referred to in Article 2 of the Framework Convention on Climate Change? +++
<<<
''Framework Convention on Climate Change, Article 2''
> <<tiddler "UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: Article 2: Objective">>
<<<
===
# What is the evidence for, causes of, and consequences of changes in the Earth's climate since the pre-industrial era?
# What is known about the regional and global climatic, environmental, and socio-economic consequences in the next 25, 50, and 100 years associated with a range of greenhouse gas emissions arising from scenarios used in the TAR (projections which involve no climate policy intervention)?
# What is known about the influence of the increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols, and the projected human-induced change in climate regionally and globally on: +++
* The frequency and magnitude of climate fluctuations, including daily, seasonal, inter-annual, and decadal variability, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation cycles and others?
* The duration, location, frequency, and intensity of extreme events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, heavy precipitation, avalanches, storms, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones?
* The risk of abrupt/non-linear changes in, among others, the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases, ocean circulation, and the extent of polar ice and permafrost? If so, can the risk be quantified?
* The risk of abrupt or non-linear changes in ecological systems?
===
# What is known about the inertia and time scales associated with the changes in the climate system, ecological systems, and socio-economic sectors and their interactions?
# How does the extent and timing of the introduction of a range of emissions reduction actions determine and affect the rate, magnitude, and impacts of climate change, and affect the global and regional economy, taking into account the historical and current emissions?
#* What is known from sensitivity studies about regional and global climatic, environmental, and socio-economic consequences of stabilizing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (in carbon dioxide equivalents), at a range of levels from today's to double that level or more, taking into account to the extent possible the effects of aerosols?
# What is known about the potential for, and costs and benefits of, and time frame for reducing greenhouse gas emissions?
# What is known about the interactions between projected human-induced changes in climate and other environmental issues (e.g., urban air pollution, regional acid deposition, loss of biological diversity, stratospheric ozone depletion, and desertification and land degradation)?
** What is known about environmental, social, and economic costs and benefits and implications of these interactions for integrating climate change response strategies in an equitable manner into broad sustainable development strategies at the local, regional, and global scales?
# What are the most robust findings and key uncertainties regarding attribution of climate change and regarding model projections?
This web site is based on a TiddlyWiki platform - a unique and brilliant design for a self-contained, [[Creative Commons]] "Wiki". Wiki is a Hawaiian word meaning //swift// or //swiftly//, and TiddlyWiki is the wikiest wiki to date., Unlike most web sites that consist of multiple, linked web pages, all of the content in a TiddlyWiki is contained in a single web page, that contains numerous sub-pages, known as "tiddlers".
A TiddlyWiki page uses simple formatting codes for its tiddlers - similar, but not identical to the codes used in <<wikipedia Wikipedia>> and each tiddler can have one or more "tags" or "key words" that are displayed adjacent to the tiddler. This makes TiddlyWiki the easiest and quickest platform for creating and maintaining a web site.
From a design standpoint, what makes TiddlyWiki unique is that not only can tiddlers contain and siplay text, images, links, etc, but the appearance and format of a TiddlyWiki is defined by "style sheets and "styles" that are themselves contained in tiddlers. In addition, a tiddler can include Javascript - the language that powers TiddlyWiki - that can add very useful features over and above those in the standard TiddlyWiki.
!!! Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Increasing temperatures are leading to accelerated melting of mountain glaciers, a higher snowline, and earlier melting of seasonal snowpack. Very limited warming can thus cause significant changes in the amounts of snow and ice. Widespread melting is already occurring and of the order of one-quarter of the global glacier mass (including most glaciers in low latitude mountains) could melt during the 21st century.
!!! Expected Environmental Consequences
Changes in the timing of snowmelt are leading to earlier runoff, changing the temperature and flows of rivers and streams, and, in the summer, causing warmer temperatures and lower flow rates. All of these changes will disrupt aquatic ecosystems, fish, and wildlife.
!!! Likely Societal Significance
Snowmelt is a vital contributor to water resources for many regions around the world, especially for those depending on rivers originating in high mountain regions and for water systems relying on seasonal snowpack to refill reservoirs in spring and summer. Relatively little warming can in some situations cause very large changes in water availability with significant impact on both human health and agricultural productivity.
!!! Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Global warming adds to the rate of sea-level rise by increasing the pace of melting of land ice and thermal expansion of ocean waters. Until the Industrial Revolution, sea level had been roughly constant for a few millennia. During the 20th century, sea level rose almost 0.2 m; over the past decade the rate of rise has been 50% higher. Accelerated deterioration of the Greenland and West Antarctic Ice Sheets could cause a significant further acceleration during the 21st century (see subsequent entries).
!!! Expected Environmental Consequences
An accelerating rate of sea-level rise will inundate important coastal wetlands that are breeding grounds for both aquatic life and birds of many types. The landward push of ocean waters will make coastal estuaries more saline, altering the delicate balances upon which much shell and fish life depends. Higher sea level will make storm surges more damaging and increase coastal erosion rates.
!!! Likely Societal Significance
Many cities, communities, and important urban and transportation infrastructure are built right along the coast, often not far above sea level. Accelerating rates of sea-level rise, especially in areas where coasts are subsiding or are very flat, will pose very serious problems, requiring increasing levels of protection in the near term and very costly retreat and relocation in the long term. Already some communities built on indefensible barrier islands are being forced to move, at great expense.
This web site has been made possible thanks to a set of powerful software tools and languages that serve a wide variety of aspects of the task of gathering, organizing and disseminating information and documents relating to climate change, sustainable development and information and communications technology.
The software that has contributed to site can be separated into several categories the following is a partial list:
!! TiddlyWikiPerfect
* TiddlyWiki
* [[Cascading Style Sheets]]
* [[Plugin Macros]]
* [[HyperText Markup Language]]
!! Database
* [[DataPerfect]] - Brilliant relational database software (companion of the legendary ~WordPerfect for DOS) that has served as the principal database engine - ''Free''. Use
!!Word processing
* ''~WordPerfect 5.1+'' - Still unsurpassed as a word processor in its power and elegance
** ''WP Program Editor 3.1'' - versatile DOS editor for text and for ~WordPerfect macros - ''Free''
** ''Corel ~WordPerfect'' -
** ''Corel ~WordPerfect X3'' - Converts pdf files to ~WordPerfect format - Free 30 day evaluation
* ''Notepad'' - versatile program, mostly used as a bridge between DOS and Windows documents and for simple text editing
!! Wiki software & sites
* ''TiddlyWiki'' -
** ~TiddlyWiki plugins
* ''Wikipedia''
* ''The Wealth of Networks Wiki notes''
!! Web browsers
* ''~FireFox'' - Recommended web browser - ''Open Source''
** ''~FireFox extensions''
!! Search tools
* ''Google''
** Personalized search
** Cooperative Search Engine
** ''Google News''
** ''Google Groups''
** ''Google Video''
** ''GMail''
** ''~YouTube''
!! PDF Tools
* ''Adobe Acrobat Reader'' - Free reader for pdf files
** ''Adobe Acrobat Professional'' - Free 30 day evaluation
** PrimoPDF'' - Free printer driver for creating pdf files
* ''pdf995 Suite'' - pdf printer driver
** ''ABBYY Fine Reader'' - Optical Character Recognition with support for pdf files - Free 30 day evaluation
** ''ABBYY PDF Transformer'' - Converts pdf files to Rich Text Format, HTML, etc.
* ''WS_FTP Limited Edition''
!! Graphics software
* ''Graphics Workstation Professional''
** ''Camera Screen Capture''
* ''Adobe Photoshop''
!! Social Bookmarking
* ''Blue Dot''
** ''del.icio.us''
!! Utility software
* ''Total Commander''
* ''Norton Utilities''
* ''System Mechanic''
* ''~SpyBot''
<<tiddler "New Search">>
[img[http://www.climate-change-two.net/cc2-logo-100x100.png][Climate Change 2.0]]
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[[Site Maps]]
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[[TiddlyWikiPerfect]] -
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[[WordPerfect 5.1+]] --
[[DataPerfect]] --
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[[Recent Tiddlers]] -
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[[Tiddler Lists]] +++
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[[NGO Committee on Education]]
[[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]]
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[img[http://i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/88x31.png][Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike License]] [[Creative Commons|Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike Licence]]
@@ont-size:90%;© [[Copy rights notice]]@@
[[Administrative Menu]] - attached to base of the [[Main Menu|MainMenu]]
<<tiddler "Administrative Menu">>
''Agenda 21'' was adopted as the principal agreement of the 1992 [[Earth Summit]], held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with the intention of charting a transition to a sustainable development path for the 21st century, based on principles incorporated in the [[Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]]. Agenda 21 broke new ground in the realm of international agreements in highlighting the interrelationship between economic development, social development and the environment, and with the inclusion of a section on "Strengthening the Role of Major Groups" that recognizes the necessity of broad-based participation of all sectors of society in the transition to sustainable development.
''1. Preamble'' +++
<<tiddler "Agenda 21: Preamble">>
===
!!! I. Social and Economic Dimensions +++
> [[2. International Cooperation to Accelerate Sustainable Development in Developing Countries and Related Domestic Policies|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-02.htm]]
> [[3. Combating Poverty|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-03.htm]]
> [[4. Changing Consumption Patterns|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-04.htm]]
> [[5. Demographic Dynamics and Sustainability|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-05.htm]]
> [[6. Protecting and Promoting Human Health|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-06.htm]]
> [[7. Promoting Sustainable Human Settlement Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-07.htm]]
> [[8. Integrating Environment and Development in Decision-Making|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-08.htm]]
===
!!! II. Conservation and Management of Resources for Development +++
> [[9. Protection of the Atmosphere|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-09.htm]]
> [[10. Integrated Approach to the Planning and Management of Land Resources|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-10.htm]]
> [[11. Combating Deforestation|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-11.htm]]
> [[12. Managing Fragile Ecosystems: Combating Desertification and Drought|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-12.htm]]
> [[13. Managing Fragile Ecosystems: Sustainable Mountain Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-13.htm]]
> [[14. Promoting Sustainable Agriculture and Rural Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-14.htm]]
> [[15. Conservation of Biological Diversity|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-15.htm]]
> [[16. Environmentally Sound Management of Biotechnology|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-16.htm]]
> [[17. Protection of the Oceans, All Kinds of Seas, including Enclosed and Semi-enclosed Seas, and Coastal Areas and the Protection, Rational Use and Development of their Living Resources|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-17.htm]]
> [[18. Protection of the Quality and Supply of Freshwater Resources: Application of Integrated Approaches to the Development, Management and Use of Water Resources|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-18.htm]]
> [[19. Environmentally Sound Management of Toxic Chemicals, Including Prevention of Illegal International Traffic in Toxic and Dangerous Products|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-19.htm]]
> [[20. Environmentally Sound Management of Hazardous Wastes, Including Prevention of Illegal International Traffic in Hazardous Wastes|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-20.htm]]
> [[21. Environmentally Sound Management of Solid Wastes and Sewage-related Issues|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-21.htm]]
> [[22. Safe and Environmentally Sound Management of Radioactive Wastes|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-22.htm]]
===
!!! III. Strengthening the Role of Major Groups +++
> [[23. Preamble|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-23.htm]]
> [[24. Global Action for Women Towards Sustainable and Equitable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-24.htm]]
> [[25. Children and Youth in Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-25.htm]]
> [[26. Recognizing and Strengthening the Role of Indigenous People and their Communities|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-26.htm]]
> [[27. Strengthening the Role of Non-governmental Organizations: Partners for Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-27.htm]]
> [[28. Local Authorities' Initiatives in Support of Agenda 21|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-28.htm]]
> [[29. Strengthening the Role of Workers and their Trade Unions|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-29.htm]]
> [[30. Strengthening the Role of Business and Industry|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-30.htm]]
> [[31. Scientific and Technological Community|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-31.htm]]
> [[32. Strengthening the Role of Farmers|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-32.htm]]
===
!!! IV. Means of Implementation +++
> [[33. Financial Resources and Mechanisms|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-33.htm]]
> [[34. Transfer of Environmentally Sound Technology, Cooperation and Capacity-building|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-34.htm]]
> [[35. Science for Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-35.htm]]
> [[36. Promoting Education, Public Awareness and Training|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-36.htm]]
> [[37. National Mechanisms and International Cooperation for Capacity-building in Developing Countries|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-37.htm]]
> [[38. International Institutional Arrangements|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-38.htm]]
> [[39. International Legal Instruments and Mechanisms|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-39.htm]]
> [[40. Information for Decision-making|http://www.un-documents.net/a21-40.htm]]
===
# Humanity stands at a defining moment in history. We are confronted with a perpetuation of disparities between and within nations, a worsening of poverty, hunger, ill health and illiteracy, and the continuing deterioration of the ecosystems on which we depend for our well-being. However, integration of environment and development concerns and greater attention to them will lead to the fulfilment of basic needs, improved living standards for all, better protected and managed ecosystems and a safer, more prosperous future. No nation can achieve this on its own; but together we can - in a global partnership for sustainable development.
# This global partnership must build on the premises of General Assembly [[resolution 44/228|http://www.un-documents.net/a44r228.htm]] of 22 December 1989, which was adopted when the nations of the world called for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, and on the acceptance of the need to take a balanced and integrated approach to environnment and development questions.
# Agenda 21 addresses the pressing problems of today and also aims at preparing the world for the challenges of the next century. It reflects a global consensus and political commitment at the highest level on development and environment cooperation. Its successful implementation is first and foremost the responsibility of Governments. National strategies, plans, policies and processes are crucial in achieving this. International cooperation should support and supplement such national efforts. In this context, the United Nations system has a key role to play. Other international, regional and subregional organizations are also called upon to contribute to this effort. The broadest public participation and the active involvement of the non-governmental organizations and other groups should also be encouraged.
# The developmental and environmental objectives of Agenda 21 will require a substantial flow of new and additional financial resources to developing countries, in order to cover the incremental costs for the actions they have to undertake to deal with global environmental problems and to accelerate sustainable development. Financial resources are also required for strengthening the capacity of international institutions for the implementation of Agenda 21. An indicative order-of-magnitude assessment of costs is included in each of the programme areas. This assessment will need to be examined and refined by the relevant implementing agencies and organizations.
# In the implementation of the relevant programme areas identified in Agenda 21, special attention should be given to the particular circumstances facing the economies in transition. It must also be recognized that these countries are facing unprecedented challenges in transforming their economies, in some cases in the midst of considerable social and political tension.
# The programme areas that constitute Agenda 21 are described in terms of the basis for action, objectives, activities and means of implementation. Agenda 21 is a dynamic programme. It will be carried out by the various actors according to the different situations, capacities and priorities of countries and regions in full respect of all the principles contained in the [[Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]]. It could evolve over time in the light of changing needs and circumstances. This process marks the beginning of a new global partnership for sustainable development.
[[Alice Slater]] is the //New York Director// of the [[Nuclear Age Peace Foundation|http://www.wagingpeace.org/]] and recently joined the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]]. She serves on the Global Council of [[Abolition 2000|http://www.abolition2000.org/]], a global network working for a treaty to eliminate nuclear weapons and directs the network’s Sustainable Energy Working Group which produced a model statute for an International Sustainable Energy Agency. She is a Consultant to the [[Global Policy Forum|http://www.globalpolicy.org]] and serves on the Board of the Lawyer’s Committee for Nuclear Policy and the Executive Committee of the Middle Powers Initiative, working to create pressure on nuclear weapons states for swifter nuclear disarmament. She is a member of the Advisory Boards of the Nuclear Policy Research Institute and the Global Network Against Weapons and Nuclear Power in Space and serves on the Steering Committee of the Indian Point Safe Energy Coalition. Ms. Slater has organized numerous conferences, panels, and roundtables at the UN on nuclear and environmental issues and has spoken frequently at meetings and conferences in the US and internationally. She has written numerous articles and op-eds, and has appeared frequently on local and national media
Email [[aslater.rcn.com|mailto:aslater.rcn.com]]
!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
> Warming and increased evaporation in the tropics enhance the Hadley circulation, which involves upward movement of air at low latitudes and descent over the subtropics, pushing the subtropics and polar jets poleward, tending to warm the mid-latitudes, and shifting fronts and storm tracks.
!!Expected Environmental Consequences
> Ecosystems are generally attuned to the prevailing weather regimes, and shifts in the location of these regimes will lead to shifts in ecosystem locations as the warm edges contract and poleward edges become more conducive to growth. The differing pace of movement will likely cause significant disruption of ecosystems and their important services.
!!Likely Societal Significance
> In regions where weather regimes shift, societal tuning to particular types of conditions will be upset, possibly requiring adjustments to buildings, infrastructure, transportation, health care, and community lifestyle. Globally, the weather and its seasonal pattern in each region will become more like that hundreds of kilometers toward the equator, necessitating a wide range of adjustments.
!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
> Greater warming of land areas is expected to increase monsoon rains and flooding. By diminishing the amount of solar radiation warming the surface, air pollution could alternatively cause a weakening of the monsoon.
!!Expected Environmental Consequences
> For most subtropical regions, monsoon rainfall provides most of the water and soil moisture needed by agriculture. Significantly heavier rains would make the fields too muddy, whereas significantly less would make the fields too dry.
!!Likely Societal Significance
> Societies in the region are structured based on past experience with the monsoons, so altered conditions would create disruption until adjustments were made. Larger year-to-year fluctuations in intensity would be likely to stress available systems. Worldwide, monsoons provide water for billions of people, and monsoons redirect atmospheric circulation, affecting global weather.
!! B. Current knowledge about observed impacts of climate change on the natural and human environment
A full consideration of observed climate change is provided in the IPCC Working Group I Fourth Assessment. This part of the Summary concerns the relationship between observed climate change and recent observed changes in the natural and human environment.
The statements presented here are based largely on data sets that cover the period since 1970. The number of studies of observed trends in the physical and biological environment and their relationship to regional climate changes has increased greatly since the Third Assessment in 2001. The quality of the data sets has also improved. There is, however, a notable lack of geographic balance in data and literature on observed changes, with marked scarcity in developing countries.
These studies have allowed a broader and more confident assessment of the relationship between observed warming and impacts than was made in the Third Assessment. That Assessment concluded that "there is high confidence^^3^^ that recent regional changes in temperature have had discernible impacts on many physical and biological systems".
From the current Assessment we conclude the following.
* [[Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases|B.1. Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "B.1. Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
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* [[A global assessment of data since 1970 has shown it is likely that anthropogenic warming has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems|B.2. A global assessment of data since 1970 has shown it is likely that anthropogenic warming has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "B.2. A global assessment of data since 1970 has shown it is likely that anthropogenic warming has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
* [[Other effects of regional climate changes on natural and human environments are emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and non-climatic drivers|B.3. Other effects of regional climate changes on natural and human environments are emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and non-climatic drivers (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "B.3. Other effects of regional climate changes on natural and human environments are emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and non-climatic drivers (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
* With regard to changes in snow, ice and frozen ground (including permafrost)4^^^^, there is high confidence that natural systems are affected. Examples are:
** enlargement and increased numbers of glacial lakes [1.3];
** increasing ground instability in permafrost regions, and rock avalanches in mountain regions [1.3];
** changes in some Arctic and Antarctic ecosystems, including those in sea-ice biomes, and also predators high in the food chain [1.3, 4.4, 15.4].
* Based on growing evidence, there is high confidence that the following types of hydrological systems are being affected around the world:
** increased run-off and earlier spring peak discharge in many glacier- and snow-fed rivers [1.3];
** warming of lakes and rivers in many regions, with effects on thermal structure and water quality [1.3].
*There is very high confidence, based on more evidence from a wider range of species, that recent warming is strongly affecting terrestrial biological systems, including such changes as:
** earlier timing of spring events, such as leaf-unfolding, bird migration and egg-laying [1.3];
** poleward and upward shifts in ranges in plant and animal species [1.3, 8.2, 14.2].
*Based on satellite observations since the early 1980s, there is high confidence that there has been a trend in many regions towards earlier 'greening'^^5^^ of vegetation in the spring linked to longer thermal growing seasons due to recent warming. [1.3, 14.2]
* There is high confidence, based on substantial new evidence, that observed changes in marine and freshwater biological systems are associated with rising water temperatures, as well as related changes in ice cover, salinity, oxygen levels and circulation [1.3]. These include:
** shifts in ranges and changes in algal, plankton and fish abundance in high-latitude oceans [1.3];
** increases in algal and zooplankton abundance in high-latitude and high-altitude lakes [1.3];
** range changes and earlier migrations of fish in rivers [1.3].
* The uptake of anthropogenic carbon since 1750 has led to the ocean becoming more acidic with an average decrease in pH of 0.1 units [IPCC Working Group I Fourth Assessment]. However, the effects of observed ocean acidification on the marine biosphere are as yet undocumented. [1.3]
* Much more evidence has accumulated over the past five years to indicate that changes in many physical and biological systems are linked to anthropogenic warming. There are four sets of evidence which, taken together, support this conclusion:
<<<
# The Working Group I Fourth Assessment concluded that most of the observed increase in the globally averaged temperature since the mid-20th century is very likely due to the observed increase in anthropogenic greenhouse gas concentrations.
# Of the more than 29,000 observational data series^^7^^, from 75 studies, that show significant change in many physical and biological systems, more than 89% are consistent with the direction of change expected as a response to warming. (Figure SPM-1) [1.4]
# A global synthesis of studies in this Assessment strongly demonstrates that the spatial agreement between regions of significant warming across the globe and the locations of significant observed changes in many systems consistent with warming is very unlikely to be due solely to natural variability of temperatures or natural variability of the systems.(see Figure SPM-1) [1.4]
# Finally, there have been several modelling studies that have linked responses in some physical and biological systems to anthropogenic warming by comparing observed responses in these systems with modelled responses in which the natural forcings (solar activity and volcanoes) and anthropogenic forcings (greenhouse gases and aerosols) are explicitly separated. Models with combined natural and anthropogenic forcings simulate observed responses significantly better than models with natural forcing only. [1.4]
<<<
* Limitations and gaps prevent more complete attribution of the causes of observed system responses to anthropogenic warming. First, the available analyses are limited in the number of systems and locations considered. Second, natural temperature variability is larger at the regional than the global scale, thus affecting identification of changes due to external forcing. Finally, at the regional scale other factors (such as land-use change, pollution, and invasive species) are influential. [1.4]
* Nevertheless, the consistency between observed and modelled changes in several studies and the spatial agreement between significant regional warming and consistent impacts at the global scale is sufficient to conclude with high confidence that anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems. [1.4]
Effects of temperature increases have been documented in the following systems (medium confidence):
* effects on agricultural and forestry management at Northern Hemisphere higher latitudes, such as earlier spring planting of crops, and alterations in disturbance regimes of forests due to fires and pests [1.3];
* some aspects of human health, such as heat-related mortality in Europe, infectious disease vectors in some areas, and allergenic pollen in Northern Hemisphere high and mid-latitudes [1.3, 8.2, 8.ES];
* some human activities in the Arctic (e.g., hunting and travel over snow and ice) and in lower-elevation alpine areas (such as mountain sports). [1.3]
Recent climate changes and climate variations are beginning to have effects on many other natural and human systems. However, based on the published literature, the impacts have not yet become established trends. Examples include:
* Settlements in mountain regions are at enhanced risk to glacier lake outburst floods caused by melting glaciers. Governmental institutions in some places have begun to respond by building dams and drainage works. [1.3]
* In the Sahelian region of Africa, warmer and drier conditions have led to a reduced length of growing season with detrimental effects on crops. In southern Africa, longer dry seasons and more uncertain rainfall are prompting adaptation measures. [1.3]
* Sea-level rise and human development are together contributing to losses of coastal wetlands and mangroves and increasing damage from coastal flooding in many areas. [1.3]
''Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004''
Figure SPM-1. Locations of significant changes in observations of physical systems (snow, ice and frozen ground; hydrology; and coastal processes) and biological systems (terrestrial, marine, and freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 1970-2004. A subset of about 29,000 data series was selected from about 80,000 data series from 577 studies. These met the following criteria: (1) Ending in 1990 or later; (2) spanning a period of at least 20 years; and (3) showing a significant change in either direction, as assessed in individual studies. These data series are from about 75 studies (of which ~70 are new since the Third Assessment) and contain about 29,000 data series, of which about 28,000 are from European studies. White areas do not contain sufficient observational climate data to estimate a temperature trend. The 2 x 2 boxes show the total number of data series with significant changes (top row) and the percentage of those consistent with warming (bottom row) for (i) continental regions: North America (NAM), Latin America (LA), Europe (EUR), Africa (AFR), Asia (AS), Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), and Polar Regions (PR) and (ii) global-scale: Terrestrial (TER), Marine and Freshwater (MFW), and Global (GLO). The numbers of studies from the seven regional boxes (NAM, …, PR) do not add up to the global (GLO) totals because numbers from regions except Polar do not include the numbers related to Marine and Freshwater (MFR) systems. [F1.8, F1.9; Working Group I Fourth Assessment F3.9b]
<<tabs txtMainTab Timeline Timeline TabTimeline Alphabetical 'All tiddlers' TabAll Tags 'All tags' TabTags Missing 'Missing tiddlers' TabMoreMissing Orphans 'Orphaned tiddlers' TabMoreOrphans Shadowed 'Shadowed tiddlers' TabMoreShadowed>>
/***
|Name|''timeline''|h
|Author|[[Saq Imtiaz]]|
|Version|0.5 bet|
|Description|A replacement for the core timeline macro that offers more features|
|Source|http://lewcid.googlepages.com/lewcid.html#BetterTimelineMacro|
|TW Version|2.x|
***/
/***
!!!Features:
*list tiddlers with only specific tag
*exclude tiddlers with a particular tag
*limit entries to any number of days, for example one week
*specify a start date for the timeline, only tiddlers after that date will be listed.
!!!Installation:
Copy the contents of this tiddler to your TW, tag with systemConfig, save and reload your TW.
!!!Syntax:
{{{<<timeline better:true>>}}}
''the param better:true enables the advanced features, without it you will get the old timeline behaviour.''
additonal params:
(use only the ones you want)
{{{<<timeline better:true onlyTag:Tag1 excludeTag:Tag2 sortBy:modified/created firstDay:YYYYMMDD maxDays:7 maxEntries:30>>}}}
''explanation of syntax:''
onlyTag: only tiddlers with this tag will be listed. Default is to list all tiddlers.
excludeTag: tiddlers with this tag will not be listed.
sortBy: sort tiddlers by date modified or date created. Possible values are modified or created.
firstDay: useful for starting timeline from a specific date. Example: 20060701 for 1st of July, 2006
maxDays: limits timeline to include only tiddlers from the specified number of days. If you use a value of 7 for example, only tiddlers from the last 7 days will be listed.
maxEntries: limit the total number of entries in the timeline.
!!!History:
*28-07-06: ver 0.5 beta, first release
!!!Code
***/
//{{{
// Return the tiddlers as a sorted array
TiddlyWiki.prototype.getTiddlers = function(field,excludeTag,includeTag)
{
var results = [];
this.forEachTiddler(function(title,tiddler)
{
if(excludeTag == undefined || tiddler.tags.find(excludeTag) == null)
if(includeTag == undefined || tiddler.tags.find(includeTag)!=null)
results.push(tiddler);
});
if(field)
results.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[field] == b[field]) return(0); else return (a[field] < b[field]) ? -1 : +1; });
return results;
}
//this function by Udo
function getParam(params, name, defaultValue)
{
if (!params)
return defaultValue;
var p = params[0][name];
return p ? p[0] : defaultValue;
}
window.old_timeline_handler= config.macros.timeline.handler;
config.macros.timeline.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var args = paramString.parseParams("list",null,true);
var betterMode = getParam(args, "better", "false");
if (betterMode == 'true')
{
var sortBy = getParam(args,"sortBy","modified");
var excludeTag = getParam(args,"excludeTag",undefined);
var includeTag = getParam(args,"onlyTag",undefined);
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers(sortBy,excludeTag,includeTag);
var firstDayParam = getParam(args,"firstDay",undefined);
var firstDay = (firstDayParam!=undefined)? firstDayParam: "00010101";
var lastDay = "";
var field= sortBy;
var maxDaysParam = getParam(args,"maxDays",undefined);
var maxDays = (maxDaysParam!=undefined)? maxDaysParam*24*60*60*1000: (new Date()).getTime() ;
var maxEntries = getParam(args,"maxEntries",undefined);
var last = (maxEntries!=undefined) ? tiddlers.length-Math.min(tiddlers.length,parseInt(maxEntries)) : 0;
for(var t=tiddlers.length-1; t>=last; t--)
{
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theDay = tiddler[field].convertToLocalYYYYMMDDHHMM().substr(0,8);
if ((theDay>=firstDay)&& (tiddler[field].getTime()> (new Date()).getTime() - maxDays))
{
if(theDay != lastDay)
{
var theDateList = document.createElement("ul");
place.appendChild(theDateList);
createTiddlyElement(theDateList,"li",null,"listTitle",tiddler[field].formatString(this.dateFormat));
lastDay = theDay;
}
var theDateListItem = createTiddlyElement(theDateList,"li",null,"listLink",null);
theDateListItem.appendChild(createTiddlyLink(place,tiddler.title,true));
}
}
}
else
{
window.old_timeline_handler.apply(this,arguments);
}
}
//}}}
!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
> An increase in rainfall is projected that, over periods of the order of a century, could cause the transition of 9 million km^^2^^ (3.5 million mi^^2^^) of the Sahara from desert to a green, vegetated landscape
!!Expected Environmental Consequences
> Increased vegetation would decrease the albedo and increase soil moisture and carbon storage. Reduced dust blown out over marine areas would diminish marine biological activity and carbon transfer to the deep ocean.
!!Likely Societal Significance
> In the region, the changes would provide a significantly better opportunity to grow food, although also causing a greater threat of locusts. In the West Indies, an increased likelihood of severe hurricanes.
To make quoted bits of text stand out, you can use BlockQuotes within your [[tiddler]]s, like this:
JeremyRuston said:
<<<
A TiddlyWiki is like a blog because it's divided up into neat little chunks, but it encourages you to read it by hyperlinking rather than sequentially: if you like, a non-linear blog analogue that binds the individual microcontent items into a cohesive whole.
<<<
Like BulletPoints and NumberedBulletPoints, you can have multiple levels of BlockQuotes. Just edit this tiddler to see how it's done.
>level 1
>level 1
>>level 2
>>level 2
>>>level 3
>>>level 3
>>level 2
>level 1
The ''Blue Ribbon'' snippet allows you, or viewers of the site, to bookmark If you want to add multiple "Blue Ribbon'' / ''Fave It!" links on a single page (for example, a page with multiple blog entries), you will need to add URL and title information for each "Fave It!" link. Use the code below as a guide for integrating into your blog/page template. You will need to replace the tokens {URL} and {TITLE} with the URL encoded URL (absolute) and title of the relevant link.
{{{
<a href="http://faves.com/Authoring.aspx?u={URL}&t={TITLE}" onclick="{var w=window;w.CdTl=this;w.l=w.location;w.SdP='';w.bU=(w.l.protocol=='https:'?'https://'+w.SdP:'http://')+'faves.com';w.eUC=encodeURIComponent;function fBkF(){w.l.href=w.bU+'/Authoring.aspx?u='+w.eUC(w.l.href)+'&t='+w.eUC(document.title);}w.gT=w.setTimeout(fBkF,6999);w.d=w.document;w.sT=w.d.body;w.o=w.d.createElement('scri'+'pt');if(typeof w.o!='object')fBkF();w.o.setAttribute('src',w.bU+'/js/Authoring.js');w.o.setAttribute('type','text/javascript');void(w.sT.appendChild(w.o));if(w.event){w.event.returnValue=false;}return false;}" class="BlueDotPartner"><img src="blue-ribbon.png" style="border:none"/></a>
}}}
<html>
<a href="http://faves.com/Authoring.aspx?u={URL}&t={TITLE}" onclick="{var w=window;w.CdTl=this;w.l=w.location;w.SdP='';w.bU=(w.l.protocol=='https:'?'https://'+w.SdP:'http://')+'faves.com';w.eUC=encodeURIComponent;function fBkF(){w.l.href=w.bU+'/Authoring.aspx?u='+w.eUC(w.l.href)+'&t='+w.eUC(document.title);}w.gT=w.setTimeout(fBkF,6999);w.d=w.document;w.sT=w.d.body;w.o=w.d.createElement('scri'+'pt');if(typeof w.o!='object')fBkF();w.o.setAttribute('src',w.bU+'/js/Authoring.js');w.o.setAttribute('type','text/javascript');void(w.sT.appendChild(w.o));if(w.event){w.event.returnValue=false;}return false;}" class="BlueDotPartner"><img src="blue-ribbon.png" style="border:none"/></a>
</html>
<html>
<!-- AddThis Bookmark Button BEGIN -->
<a href="javascript: location.href='http://www.addthis.com/bookmark.php?pub=&r=bluedot&url='+encodeURIComponent(location.href)+'&title='+encodeURIComponent(document.title);" title="Bookmark using any bookmark manager!"><img src="http://www.addme.com/images/button1-bm.gif" width="125" height="16" border="0" /></a>
<!-- AddThis Bookmark Button END -->
</html>
Creating BulletPoints is simple.
* Just add an asterisk
* at the beginning of a line.
** If you want to create sub-bullets
** start the line with two asterisks
*** And if you want yet another level
*** use three asterisks
* Edit this tiddler to see how it's done
* You can also do NumberedBulletPoints
!! C. Current knowledge about future impacts
The following is a selection of the key findings regarding projected impacts, as well as some findings on vulnerability and adaptation, in each system, sector and region for the range of (unmitigated) climate changes projected by the IPCC over this century^^8^^ judged to be relevant for people and the environment^^9^^. The impacts frequently reflect projected changes in precipitation and other climate variables in addition to temperature, sea level and concentrations of atmospheric carbon dioxide. The magnitude and timing of impacts will vary with the amount and timing of climate change and, in some cases, the capacity to adapt. These issues are discussed further in later sections of the Summary.
''More specific information is now available across a wide range of systems and sectors concerning the nature of future impacts, including for some fields not covered in previous assessments.''
<<<
[[Fresh water resources and their management|C.1 Fresh water resources and their management (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.1 Fresh water resources and their management (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Ecosystems|C.2 Ecosystems (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.2 Ecosystems (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Food, fibre and forest products|C.3 Food, fibre and forest products (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.3 Food, fibre and forest products (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Coastal systems and low-lying areas|C.4 Coastal systems and low-lying areas (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.4 Coastal systems and low-lying areas (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Industry, Settlement and Society|C.5 Industry, Settlement and Society (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.5 Industry, Settlement and Society (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Health|C.6 Health (ar4-wg2-spm}]] +++
<<tiddler "C.6 Health (ar4-wg2-spm}">>
===
<<<
''More specific information is now available across the regions of the world concerning the nature of future impacts, including for some places not covered in previous assessments.''
<<<
[[Africa|C.7 Africa (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.7 Africa (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Asia|C.8 Asia (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.8 Asia (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Australia and New Zealand|C.9 Australia and New Zealand (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.9 Australia and New Zealand (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Europe|C.10 Europe (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.10 Europe (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Latin America|C.11 Latin America (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.11 Latin America (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[North America|C.12 North America (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.12 North America (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Polar Regions|C.13 Polar Regions (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.13 Polar Regions (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
[[Small Islands|C.14 Small Islands (ar4-wg2-spm)]] +++
<<tiddler "C.14 Small Islands (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
===
<<<
''Magnitudes of impact can now be estimated more systematically for a range of possible increases in global average temperature.'' +++
<<tiddler "Magnitudes of impact can now be estimated more systematically for a range of possible increases in global average temperature.">>
===
* By mid-century, annual average river runoff and water availability are projected to increase by 10-40% at high latitudes and in some wet tropical areas, and decrease by 10-30% over some dry regions at mid-latitudes and in the dry tropics, some of which are presently water stressed areas. In some places and in particular seasons, changes differ from these annual figures. ** D10 [3.4]
* Drought-affected areas will likely increase in extent. Heavy precipitation events, which are very likely to increase in frequency, will augment flood risk. ** N [Working Group I Fourth Assessment, 3.4]
* Adaptation procedures and risk management practices for the water sector are being developed in some countries and regions that have recognised projected hydrological changes with related uncertainties. *** N [3.6]
* In the course of the century, water supplies stored in glaciers and snow cover are projected to decline, reducing water availability in regions supplied by meltwater from major mountain ranges, where more than one-sixth of the world population currently lives. ** N [3.4]
* For the first time, wide ranging impacts of changes in current climate have been documented: retreating glaciers, longer growing seasons, shift of species ranges, and health impacts due to a heat wave of unprecedented magnitude. The observed changes described above are consistent with those projected for future climate change.''*** N'' [12.2, 12.4, 12.6]
* Nearly all European regions are anticipated to be negatively affected by some future impacts of climate change and these will pose challenges to many economic sectors. Climate change is expected to magnify regional differences in Europe's natural resources and assets. Negative impacts will include increased risk of inland flash floods, and more frequent coastal flooding and increased erosion (due to storminess and sea-level rise). The great majority of organisms and ecosystems will have difficulties adapting to climate change. Mountainous areas will face glacier retreat, reduced snow cover and winter tourism, and extensive species losses (in some areas up to 60% under high emission scenarios by 2080).''*** D'' [12.4]
* In Southern Europe, climate change is projected to worsen conditions (high temperatures and drought) in a region already vulnerable to climate variability, and to reduce water availability, hydropower potential, summer tourism, and in general, crop productivity. It is also projected to increase health risks due to heat waves and the frequency of wildfires.''** D'' [12.2, 12.4, 12.7]
* In Central and Eastern Europe, summer precipitation is projected to decrease, causing higher water stress. Health risks due to heat waves are projected to increase. Forest productivity is expected to decline and the frequency of peatland fires to increase.''** D'' [12.4]
* In Northern Europe, climate change is initially projected to bring mixed effects, including some benefits such as reduced demand for heating, increased crop yields and increased forest growth. However, as climate change continues, its negative impacts (including more frequent winter floods, endangered ecosystems and increasing ground instability) are likely to outweigh its benefits.''** D'' [12.4]
* Adaptation to climate change is likely to benefit from experience gained in reaction to extreme climate events, by specifically implementing proactive climate change risk management adaptation plans.''*** N'' [12.5]
* By mid-century, increases in temperature and associated decreases in soil water are projected to lead to gradual replacement of tropical forest by savanna in eastern Amazonia. Semi-arid vegetation will tend to be replaced by arid-land vegetation. There is a risk of significant biodiversity loss through species extinction in many areas of tropical Latin America.''** D'' [13.4]
* In drier areas, climate change is expected to lead to salinisation and desertification of agricultural land. Productivity of some important crops are projected to decrease and livestock productivity to decline, with adverse consequences for food security. In temperate zones soybean yields are projected to increase.''** N'' [13.4, 13.7]
* Sea-level rise is projected to cause increased risk of flooding in low-lying areas.''** N'' [13.4, 13.7]
* Increases in sea surface temperature due to climate change are projected to have adverse effects on Mesoamerican coral reefs, and cause shifts in the location of south-east Pacific fish stocks.''** N'' [13.4]
* Changes in precipitation patterns and the disappearance of glaciers are projected to significantly affect water availability for human consumption, agriculture and energy generation.''** D'' [13.4]
* Some countries have made efforts to adapt, particularly through conservation of key ecosystems, early warning systems, risk management in agriculture, strategies for flood drought and coastal management, and disease surveillance systems. However, the effectiveness of these efforts is outweighed by: lack of basic information, observation and monitoring systems; lack of capacity building and appropriate political, institutional and technological frameworks; low income; and settlements in vulnerable areas, among others.''** D'' [13.2]
* Moderate climate change in the early decades of the century is projected to increase aggregate yields of rain-fed agriculture by 5-20%, but with important variability among regions. Major challenges are projected for crops that are near the warm end of their suitable range or depend on highly utilised water resources.''** D'' [14.4]
* Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources.''*** D'' [14.4, B14.2]
* Disturbances from pests, diseases, and fire are projected to have increasing impacts on forests, with an extended period of high fire risk and large increases in area burned.''*** N'' [14.4, B14.1]
* Cities that currently experience heat waves are expected to be further challenged by an increased number, intensity and duration of heat waves during the course of the century, with potential for adverse health impacts. The growing number of the elderly population is most at risk.''*** D'' [14.4]
* Coastal communities and habitats will be increasingly stressed by climate change impacts interacting with development and pollution. Population growth and the rising value of infrastructure in coastal areas increase vulnerability to climate variability and future climate change, with losses projected to increase if the intensity of tropical storms increases. Current adaptation is uneven and readiness for increased exposure is low.''*** N'' [14.4]
* In the Polar Regions, the main projected biophysical effects are reductions in thickness and extent of glaciers and ice sheets, and changes in natural ecosystems with detrimental effects on many organisms including migratory birds, mammals and higher predators. In the Arctic, additional impacts include reductions in the extent of sea ice and permafrost, increased coastal erosion, and an increase in the depth of permafrost seasonal thawing.''** D'' [15.3, 15.4, 15.2]
* For Arctic human communities, impacts, particularly resulting from changing snow and ice conditions, are projected to be mixed. Detrimental impacts would include those on infrastructure and traditional indigenous ways of life.''** D'' [15.4]
* Beneficial impacts would include reduced heating costs and more navigable northern sea routes.''* D'' [15.4]
* In both polar regions, specific ecosystems and habitats are projected to be vulnerable, as climatic barriers to species' invasions are lowered.''** D'' [15.6, 15.4]
* Already Arctic human communities are adapting to climate change, but both external and internal stressors challenge their adaptive capacities. Despite the resilience shown historically by Arctic indigenous communities, some traditional ways of life are being threatened and substantial investments are needed to adapt or re-locate physical structures and communities.''** D'' [15.ES]
* Small islands, whether located in the Tropics or higher latitudes, have characteristics which make them especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change, sea level rise and extreme events.''***'' [16.1, 16.5]
* Deterioration in coastal conditions, for example through erosion of beaches and coral bleaching, is expected to affect local resources, e.g., fisheries, and reduce the value of these destinations for tourism.''** D'' [16.4]
* Sea-level rise is expected to exacerbate inundation, storm surge, erosion and other coastal hazards, thus threatening vital infrastructure, settlements and facilities that support the livelihood of island communities.''*** D'' [16.4]
* Climate change is projected by the mid-century to reduce water resources in many small islands, e.g., in the Caribbean and Pacific, to the point where they become insufficient to meet demand during low rainfall periods.''*** D'' [16.4]
* With higher temperatures, increased invasion by non-native species is expected to occur, particularly on middle and high-latitude islands.''** N'' [16.4]
* The resilience of many ecosystems is likely to be exceeded this century by an unprecedented combination of climate change, associated disturbances (e.g., flooding, drought, wildfire, insects, ocean acidification), and other global change drivers (e.g., land use change, pollution, over-exploitation of resources). ** N [4.1 to 4.6]
* Over the course of this century net carbon uptake by terrestrial ecosystems is likely to peak before mid-century and then weaken or even reverse^^11^^, thus amplifying climate change. ** [4.ES]
* Approximately 20-30% of plant and animal species assessed so far are likely to be at increased risk of extinction if increases in global average temperature exceed 1.5-2.5°C. * N [4.4, T4.1]
* For increases in global average temperature exceeding 1.5-2.5°C and in concomitant atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, there are projected to be major changes in ecosystem structure and function, species' ecological interactions, and species' geographic ranges, with predominantly negative consequences for biodiversity, and ecosystem goods and services e.g., water and food supply. ** N [4.4]
* The progressive acidification of oceans due to increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide is expected to have negative impacts on marine shell forming organisms (e.g., corals) and their dependent species. * N [B4.4, 6.4]
* Crop productivity is projected to increase slightly at mid to high latitudes for local mean temperature increases of up to 1-3°C depending on the crop, and then decrease beyond that in some regions. * D [5.4]
* At lower latitudes, especially seasonally dry and tropical regions, crop productivity is projected to decrease for even small local temperature increases (1-2°C), which would increase risk of hunger. * D [5.4]
* Globally, the potential for food production is projected to increase with increases in local average temperature over a range of 1-3°C, but above this it is projected to decrease. * D [5.4, 5.ES]
* Adaptations such as altered cultivars and planting times allow low and mid- to high latitude cereal yields to be maintained at or above baseline yields for modest warming. * N [5.5]
* Increases in the frequency of droughts and floods are projected to affect local production negatively, especially in subsistence sectors at low latitudes. ** D [5.4, 5.ES]
* Globally, commercial timber productivity rises modestly with climate change in the short- to medium-term, with large regional variability around the global trend. * D [5.4]
* Regional changes in the distribution and production of particular fish species are expected due to continued warming, with adverse effects projected for aquaculture and fisheries. ** D[5.4.6]
* Coasts are projected to be exposed to increasing risks, including coastal erosion, due to climate change and sea-level rise and the effect will be exacerbated by increasing human-induced pressures on coastal areas. *** D [6.3, 6.4]
* Corals are vulnerable to thermal stress and have low adaptive capacity. Increases in sea surface temperature of about 1 to 3°C are projected to result in more frequent coral bleaching events and widespread mortality, unless there is thermal adaptation or acclimatisation by corals. *** D [B6.1, 6.4]
* Coastal wetlands including salt marshes and mangroves are projected to be negatively affected by sea-level rise especially where they are constrained on their landward side, or starved of sediment. *** D [6.4]
* Many millions more people are projected to be flooded every year due to sea-level rise by the 2080s. Those densely-populated and low-lying areas where adaptive capacity is relatively low, and which already face other challenges such as tropical storms or local coastal subsidence, are especially at risk. The numbers affected will be largest in the mega-deltas of Asia and Africa while small islands are especially vulnerable. *** D [6.4]
* Adaptation for coastal regions will be more challenging in developing countries than developed countries due to constraints on adaptive capacity. ** D [6.4, 6.5, T6.11]
* Costs and benefits of climate change for industry, settlement, and society will vary widely by location and scale. In the aggregate, however, net effects will tend to be more negative the larger the change in climate. ** N [7.4, 7.6]
* The most vulnerable industries, settlements and societies are generally those in coastal and river flood plains, those whose economies are closely linked with climate-sensitive resources, and those in areas prone to extreme weather events, especially where rapid urbanisation is occurring. ** D [7.1, 7.3, 7.4, 7.5]
* Poor communities can be especially vulnerable, in particular those concentrated in high-risk areas. They tend to have more limited adaptive capacities, and are more dependent on climate-sensitive resources such as local water and food supplies. ** N [7.2, 7.4, 5.4]
* Where extreme weather events become more intense and/or more frequent, the economic and social costs of those events will increase, and these increases will be substantial in the areas most directly affected. Climate change impacts spread from directly impacted areas and sectors to other areas and sectors through extensive and complex linkages. ** N [7.4, 7.5]
* Projected climate change-related exposures are likely to affect the health status of millions of people, particularly those with low adaptive capacity, through:
** increases in malnutrition and consequent disorders, with implications for child growth and development;
** increased deaths, disease and injury due to heat waves, floods, storms, fires and droughts;
** the increased burden of diarrhoeal disease;
** the increased frequency of cardio-respiratory diseases due to higher concentrations of ground level ozone related to climate change; and,
** the altered spatial distribution of some infectious disease vectors. ** D [8.4, 8.ES, 8.2]
* Climate change is expected to have some mixed effects, such as the decrease or increase of the range and transmission potential of malaria in Africa. ** D [8.4]
* Studies in temperate areas^^12^^ have shown that climate change is projected to bring some benefits, such as fewer deaths from cold exposure. Overall it is expected that these benefits will be outweighed by the negative health effects of rising temperatures world-wide, especially in developing countries. ** D [8.4]
* The balance of positive and negative health impacts will vary from one location to another, and will alter over time as temperatures continue to rise. Critically important will be factors that directly shape the health of populations such as education, health care, public health prevention and infrastructure and economic development. *** N [8.3]
* By 2020, between 75 and 250 million people are projected to be exposed to an increase of water stress due to climate change. If coupled with increased demand, this will adversely affect livelihoods and exacerbate water-related problems.''** D'' [9.4, 3.4, 8.2, 8.4]
* Agricultural production, including access to food, in many African countries and regions is projected to be severely compromised by climate variability and change. The area suitable for agriculture, the length of growing seasons and yield potential, particularly along the margins of semi-arid and arid areas, are expected to decrease. This would further adversely affect food security and exacerbate malnutrition in the continent. In some countries, yields from rain-fed agriculture could be reduced by up to 50% by 2020.''** D'' [9.2, 9.4, F9.4, 9.6, 8.4]
* Local food supplies are projected to be negatively affected by decreasing fisheries resources in large lakes due to rising water temperatures, which may be exacerbated by continued over-fishing.''** N'' [9.4, 5.4, 8.4]
* Towards the end of the 21st century, projected sea-level rise will affect low-lying coastal areas with large populations. The cost of adaptation could amount to at least 5-10% of GDP. Mangroves and coral reefs are projected to be further degraded, with additional consequences for fisheries and tourism.''** D'' [9.4]
* New studies confirm that Africa is one of the most vulnerable continents to climate variability and change because of multiple stresses and low adaptive capacity. Some adaptation to current climate variability is taking place, however, this may be insufficient for future changes in climate.''** N'' [9.5]
* Glacier melt in the Himalayas is projected to increase flooding, rock avalanches from destabilised slopes, and affect water resources within the next two to three decades. This will be followed by decreased river flows as the glaciers recede. ''* N'' [10.2, 10.4]
* Freshwater availability in Central, South, East and Southeast Asia particularly in large river basins is projected to decrease due to climate change which, along with population growth and increasing demand arising from higher standards of living, could adversely affect more than a billion people by the 2050s. ''** N'' [10.4.2]
* Coastal areas, especially heavily-populated mega-delta regions in South, East and Southeast Asia, will be at greatest risk due to increased flooding from the sea and in some mega-deltas flooding from the rivers. ''** D'' [10.4]
* Climate change is projected to impinge on sustainable development of most developing countries of Asia as it compounds the pressures on natural resources and the environment associated with rapid urbanisation, industrialisation, and economic development. ''** D'' [10.5]
* It is projected that crop yields could increase up to 20% in East and Southeast Asia while it could decrease up to 30% in Central and South Asia by the mid-21st century. Taken together and considering the influence of rapid population growth and urbanization, the risk of hunger is projected to remain very high in several developing countries. ''* N'' [10.4.1]
* Endemic morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoeal disease primarily associated with floods and droughts are expected to rise in East, South and Southeast Asia due to projected changes in hydrological cycle associated with global warming. Increases in coastal water temperature would exacerbate the abundance and/or toxicity of cholera in South Asia. ''** N'' [10.4.5]
* As a result of reduced precipitation and increased evaporation, water security problems are projected to intensify by 2030 in southern and eastern Australia and, in New Zealand, in Northland and some eastern regions.''** D'' [11.4]
* Significant loss of biodiversity is projected to occur by 2020 in some ecologically-rich sites including the Great Barrier Reef and Queensland Wet Tropics. Other sites at risk include Kakadu wetlands, south-west Australia, sub-Antarctic islands and the alpine areas of both countries.''*** D'' [11.4]
* Ongoing coastal development and population growth in areas such as Cairns and Southeast Queensland (Australia) and Northland to Bay of Plenty (New Zealand), are projected to exacerbate risks from sea-level rise and increases in the severity and frequency of storms and coastal flooding by 2050.''*** D'' [11.4, 11.6]
* Production from agriculture and forestry by 2030 is projected to decline over much of southern and eastern Australia, and over parts of eastern New Zealand, due to increased drought and fire. However, in New Zealand, initial benefits to agriculture and forestry are projected in western and southern areas and close to major rivers due to a longer growing season, less frost and increased rainfall.''** N'' [11.4]
* The region has substantial adaptive capacity due to well-developed economies and scientific and technical capabilities, but there are considerable constraints to implementation and major challenges from changes in extreme events. Natural systems have limited adaptive capacity.''** N'' [11.2, 11.5]
~GHGs differ in their warming influence (radiative forcing) on the global climate system due to their different radiative properties and lifetimes in the atmosphere. These warming influences may be expressed through a common metric based on the radiative forcing of CO~~2~~.
* CO~~2~~-equivalent emission is the amount of CO~~2~~ emission that would cause the same timeintegrated radiative forcing, over a given time horizon, as an emitted amount of a long-lived GHG or a mixture of ~GHGs. The equivalent CO~~2~~ emission is obtained by multiplying the emission of a GHG by its Global Warming Potential (GWP) for the given time horizon.6 For a mix of ~GHGs it is obtained by summing the equivalent CO~~2~~ emissions of each gas. Equivalent CO~~2~~ emission is a standard and useful metric for comparing emissions of different ~GHGs but does not imply the same climate change responses (see WGI 2.10).
* CO~~2~~-equivalent concentration is the concentration of CO~~2~~ that would cause the same amount of radiative forcing as a given mixture of CO~~2~~ and other forcing components.7
<<<
"No problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it."
//Albert Einstein// (1879 - 1955) Physicist & Nobel Laureate
<<<
''Climate Change 2.0'' is being developed from a vision of a collaborative application of ''Web 2.0'' methodologies to the global climate change crisis and incorporating a transition to an Open Source, Creative Commons climate. ''Climate Change 2.0'' is based on the recognition of the vital contribution that the combination of the [[economics of information|Economics of information]] and information and communications technologies (ICT) can contribute - and already are contributing - to addressing what is increasingly recognized as the greatest challenges to a sustainable common future, both through the power of the technologies and through the progressive discovery and realization of the fundamental properties and nature of a digital knowledge-based universe and the accompanying profound freedoms and transformation of human consciousness and the emergence of digitally-connected global civil society that has been growing rapidly since the early stages of preparations for the 1992 Earth Summit - of which the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] was a key component.
<<<
"''The Interlocking Crises''
Until recently, the planet was a large world in which human activities and their effects were neatly compartmentalized within nations, within sectors (energy, agriculture, trade), and within broad areas of concern (environment, economics, social). These compartments have begun to dissolve. This applies in particular to the various global 'crises' that have seized public concern, particularly over the past decade. These are not separate crises: an environmental crisis, a development crisis, an energy crisis. They are all one."
//[[Our Common Future, From One Earth to One World|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-ov.htm]]//
<<<
!! See also the site map for Climate Change 2.0:
* <<siteMap cc2.0 3>>
<<<
"''The Interlocking Crises''
Until recently, the planet was a large world in which human activities and their effects were neatly compartmentalized within nations, within sectors (energy, agriculture, trade), and within broad areas of concern (environment, economics, social). These compartments have begun to dissolve. This applies in particular to the various global 'crises' that have seized public concern, particularly over the past decade. These are not separate crises: an environmental crisis, a development crisis, an energy crisis. They are all one."
>> //From [[Our Common Future, From One Earth to One World|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-ov.htm]]//
<<<
[[Climate Change 2.0]]
The adoption of holistic approaches, combined with the role of information & communication technologies (ICT) in enabling holistic perspectives, has played a key role in the conception and development of [[Climate Change 2.0]].
ICT has played a central role in almost all aspects of understanding and action relating to climte change: observing, analyzing, modeling, understanding and responding to climate change: the publication and dissemination of climate change information; organizing local, national and international responses to climate change; monitoring and managing energy use - e.g. smart buildings, intelligent transportation systems, industrial ecology, ... - and the design, development and management of low-carbon energy technologies.
Despite this vital role, very little attention has been given either to the role of information technology - either in the reports of the [[IPCC|Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]] or in other climate change-related sites, and there appear to be no other initiatives that have adopted a holistic approach to the potential contribution of information technology in addressing the challenge of climate change, or to an analysis and approach that seeks to optimize the overall ''climate change information ecosystem''.
In its initial phase, Climate Change 2.0 has focused on this information ecosystem, and on the development of methodologies designed to optimize the organization, presentation and dissemination of the available information on climate change, and on strategies for mitigation and adaptation. Some key approaches:
''Climate Change Information Ecosystem''
''~TiddlyWiki'': The brilliant TiddlyWiki open source software has been adopted as the principal platfrom on which Climate Change 2.0 framework based on TiddlyWiki,
''Beyond PDF'': Almost all official publications on climate change are published, often exclusively, as pdf files - a format that is print / paper-oriented, and not optimized for a digital environment.
** The pdf files rarely contain bookmarks - that can be added with very little effort through Adobe Acrobat Professional
rolw of information technology in organizing the available information in a manner that is optimized
Addressing Climate Change in a ~Knowledge-Based Universe:
An invitation to participate
"Until recently, the planet was a large world in which human activities and their effects were neatly compartmentalized within nations, within sectors (energy, agriculture, trade), and within broad areas of concern (environment, economics, social). These compartments have begun to dissolve. This applies in particular to the various global 'crises' that have seized public concern, particularly over the past decade. These are not separate crises: an environmental crisis, a development crisis, an energy crisis. They are all one."
Our Common Future, Report of the World Commission on Environment & Development, 1987
Climate Change 2.0 is an open demonstration process that draws on the power of information and communication technologies and the nature of a knowledge-based universe to address the global climate change crisis from a holistic perspective of the climate change information ecosystem.
When the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change was signed on the eve of the 1992 Earth Summit, the World Wide Web had not yet celebrated its first anniversary. In the fifteen years since then, the nature and scope of the climate change information ecosystem has been transformed beyond recognition, and information and communications technologies have played a central role in almost all aspects of understanding of, and response to, the changing climate, including:
* observing, analyzing and modeling climate change;
* collaboration among climate change researchers;
* publication and dissemination of climate change information;
* organizing local, national and international responses to climate change;
* monitoring and managing energy use, e.g. smart buildings, intelligent transportation systems, industrial ecology; and
* design, development and management of low-carbon energy technologies.
In the larger context, the accelerating developments in information and communications technology have been the major drivers in economic development, and have led to profound changes in an extensive range of economic and social transactions, and in the ability to observe and monitor the natural environment. These changes are taking place in the emergence of a networked information economy, brilliantly described by Yochai Benkler in The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom, in what can perhaps best be described as a global transition towards a profound new þNash equilibriumþ centred on a knowledge-based economy.
Yet, despite this vital role, scant attention has been given to the significance of information technology in addressing climate change, nor has any systematic initiative been launched to mobiliize and contribution of and phenomenal advances in the
The Earth Summit agreements - the Rio Declaration on Environment & Development, and Agenda 21 - incorporated two major breakthroughs in global agreements:
* recognition of the inter-relatedness of economic development, social development and the environment; and
* the need for participation of all sectors in society in the transition to sustainable development.
Despite this vital role, very little attention has been given either to the role of information technology - either in the reports of the IPCC or in other climate change-related sites, and there appear to be no other initiatives that have adopted a holistic approach to the potential contribution of information technology in addressing the challenge of climate change, or to an analysis and approach that seeks to optimize the overall climate change information ecosystem.
In its initial phase, Climate Change 2.0 has focused on climate change-related documents, and on initiatives to the organization, presentation and dissemination of these documents ...
Climate Change 2.0 is being developed under the auspices of the NGO Committee on Education of CONGO, the Conference Of Non-Governmental Organizations in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations, with a short-term focus on preparations for, participation in and follow-up to the 60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference, on Climate Change: How It Impacts Us All, to be held September 5-7 2007 at UN Headquarters, and with the goal of preparing a report for the September 24 Summit on Climate Change recently announced by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.
Climate Change 2.0 has been initiated by Information Habitat: Where Information Lives, a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) in Special Consultative Status with the UN Economic and Social Council. Since its inception in May 1990, Information Habitat has pioneered and facilitated the use of information and communications technology in support of broad-based participation and access to and exchange of information by NGOs in the work of the United Nations and of the transition to a knowledge-based society and economy, and played a leadership trole in the online publication of key United Nations documents relating to sustainable development.
"No problem can be solved from the same level of consciousness that created it."
Albert Einstein (1879 - 1955) Physicist & Nobel Laureate
A number of elements have been developed under the auspices of [[Climate Change 2.0]], with an initial focus on the development of an online platform for the September 2007 [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]] to be held at UN Headquarters on the theme "Climate Change: How It Impacts Us All", and in the broader context of the [[United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development]], 2005-2014, and related international decades.
The DPI/NGO Climate Change Conference offers a unique opportunity for a demonstration project of [[Climate Change 2.0]] as it will be the last to be held at the United Nations Headquarters before major renovations begin, and there is strong interest in developing a prototype interactive online framework that would provide for real-time participation in the Conference, for this Conference, and as a model to be used for future Annual DPI/NGO Conferences.
Among the elements that are under development are the following:
!! Web sites
* [[Climate Change 2.0]]<br>[[www.climate-change-two.net/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/]]
** [[Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability]]<br>[[www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-wg2-spm|http://www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-wg2-spm]]
** [[Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble: Plan B 2.1 (beta)]]<br>[[www.climate-change-two.net/plan-b/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/plan-b/]]
** [[Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review]]<br>[[www.climate-change-two.net/stern-review/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/stern-review/]]
** [[The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom]]<br>[[www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks/]]
* [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]]<br>[[www.un-documents.net/|http://www.un-documents.net/]]
** [[Our Common Future]]<br>[[www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm|http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm]]
* [[NGO Committee on Education]]<br>[[www.ngo-education.net/|http://www.ngo-education.net/]]
** [[Education, Youth & Technology for Sustainable Development]]<br>[[www.ngo-education.net/workshop/|http://www.ngo-education.net/workshop/]]
!! Culture of Peace
* [[Peace Caucus: The Wild Cards in Climate Change]]<br>[[www.peacecaucus.net|htt[://www.peacecaucus.net]]
* [[Seasons of Peace Cooperation Circles]]<br>[[www.seasons-of-peace.net/|http://www.seasons-of-peace.net/]]
* [[Gandhi-King Season for Nonviolence]]<br>[[www.gandhi-king-season.net/|http://www.gandhi-king-season.net/]]
* [[The Peace Cubes]]<br>[[www.peace-cubes.net/|http://www.peace-cubes.net/]]
!!! ~TiddlyWikiPerfect sites
* [[TiddlyWikiPerfect: An emerging hybrid information species]]<br>[[www.tiddlywikiperfect.net/|http://www.tiddlywikiperfect.net/]]
** ~TiddlyWikiPerfect sites under development
** Confronting Climate Change
*** Silken Valleys - Digital relief post-Kashmir earthquake
*** ~DataPerfect Manual
*** Information Habitat 2.0
!! "Normal" - HTML - web sites
!! Email Groups
* [[Climate Change 2.0 Google Group|Subscribe to the Climate Change 2.0 Google Group]]
* [[Networking Sub-Committee, Planning Committee|Subscribe to the Networking Sub-Committee Google Group]]
* [[NGO Committee on Education|Subscribe to the NGO Committee on Education Google Group]]
* [[Information Ecology Yahoo! Group|Subscribe to the Information Ecology Yahoo! Group]]
* [[The Peace Caucus Yahoo! Group|Subscribe to the the Peace Caucus Yahoo! Group]]
* [[TiddlyWiki Google Group|Subscribe to the TiddlyWiki Google Group]]
** [[TiddlyWiki Developer Google Group|Subscribe to the TiddlyWikiDev Google Group]]
!! Other sites
* [[The Wealth of Networks wiki notes]]<br>[[www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks|http://www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks/]]
* [[Information Ecologist @ Blue Dot]]<br>[[bluedot.us/users/Information-Ecologist|http://bluedot.us/users/Information-Ecologist]] - social bookmarking
* ~H2O Playlist
The ''Information Ecology of Climate Change'' is intended to harness the power of the Internet, and particularly of ''Web 2.0'' tools to the challenge of climate change, with a focus on the use of Free and Open Source software and through a focused and systematic expansion of the global [[Creative Commons]].
There is a vast amount of information and documents on the many aspects of climate change freely available online, and while it is relatively easy to find information and specific documents using search engines, it is also very easy to be overwhelmed by the sheer volume - a Google search for "climate change" currently generate approximately 85,000,000 hits, for "global warming" and "sustainable development", the numbers are 70,000,000 and 60,000,000 respectively.
Most of the major documents on climate change are published - and freely available - as pdf files; however, pdf is optimized for printing, not for online accessibility; page breaks make reading a pdf document online a discontinuous process, and the use of hyperlinks in pdf files - when they are included - makes for a very cumbersome navigation process. One of the key initial tasks for ''Climate Change 2.0'' is the translation of these pdf documents into a format optimized for a web-based environment.
When HTML versions of climate change reports are also published, e.g. with copies of the [[Third Assessment Review|IPCC Third Assessment Review]] of the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]], the HTML pages are frequently in a fragmented form. The adoption of simple, no-cost, measures such as the creation of dedicated sub-domains for the publication of each report could provide significant benefits by enabling site-specific searches.
Frequently, lengthy reports, e.g. the 659 page [[Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change|Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review]], are published without the inclusion of any bookmarks. Incidentally, the Stern Review, in addressing the economics of climate change gave very scant attention to the role of information technology, and offered no analysis of the economics of information.
Many climate change-related research papers are only available through subscription to professional journals; while individual copies can generally be purchased, typically at the price of $9.00 per article (compared to a zero marginal cost), the number of articles that a serious lay investigator might have a legitimate interest in reading makes for a prohibitive cost for most people; a cooperative initiative among professional societies to waive the charge for papers on climate change,
Yochai Benkler's acclaimed book, [[The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom]] offers exceptional insight and examples as to the profound transformation that are taking place, through "peer production" and new forms of collaboration in the accelerating transition to a "networked information economy"; it seems clear that a systematic effort to harness these powerful processes in a broad-based mobilization of creative intelligence to address the global climate change crisis would pay handsome dividends.
The Wealth of Networks also highlights the opportunities for significant contributions to bodies of knowledge that can be made by individuals, often without formal credentials, who are able to develop online centers of excellence through a systematic process of gathering and organizing information from multiple online sources. Given the increasingly narrow specialization in scientific research, the free availability of scientific research on climate change could provide an excellent opportunity for a generalist, with a holistic perspective and a broad general understanding of different scientific fields to make a major contribution to the body of knowledge on climate change.
The example of ''Oscar'' - an open source design for an environmentally-sound automobile - offers another example of how the adoption of open source, creative commons approaches to technology offer the possibility of making significant contributions to addressing climate change. In a different vein, the combination of WalMart's recent commitment to address climate change and its extensive use of RFID technology could serve as a demonstration model for the establishment of full-cost accounting in the traditional economic sphere by making visible, and accountable, previously undocumented external costs, including environmental impacts, of economic activity. The Stern Review correctly recognizes the failure of conventional markets to acknowledge external costs as a fundamental market failure that has been a major economic driver in supporting unsustainable energy use and the corresponding increases in the emission of greenhouse gases.
There would be great value in developing and implementing a comprehensive initiative to gather and organize the available information on climate change - and on a broad range of sustainable development issues, and while the cost would not be trivial, the effort could pay great dividends in the challenge of addressing climate change. There is a clear need for the development and utilizations of a climate change taxonomy, and corresponding enhancements to search engine methodology, that could play a valuable role in targeted search for relevant information.
A web-based campaign to make use of social bookmarking sites - e.g. [[del.icio.us|http://del.icio.us]] and [[Blue Dot|http://bluedot.us]] - as platforms for collaborative gathering and sharing of key online information and resources, together with the progressive development of a structured framework for climate change-related tags offers significant opportunities for rapid and effective dissemination of critical information.
Likewise, the development of a collaborative wiki site, provided it incorporates an accountability and clear commitment to, and monitoring of, guidelines for participation that are unfortunately missing from <<wikipedia Wikipedia>>, could offer an invaluable participatory forum within which a rigorous, comprehensive body of climate change information could be assembled..
TiddlyWikiPerfect offers a very promising platform for managing, organizing and sharing climate change information. TiddlyWikiPerfect is an emerging hybrid information species combining the power of two exceptional software platforms - TiddlyWiki - [[www.tiddlywiki.com|http://www.tiddlywiki.com]] - a brilliant and rapidly-evolving self-contained wiki that serves as a prime example of the "peer production" model described by Yochai Benkler - and DataPerfect, lesser-known companion of the classic WordPerfect for DOS and arguably the most brilliant relational database yet to see the light of day, whose genius was largely obscured by the transition to a Windows platform, but has remained alive, supported by a brilliant and dedicated group of developers - see [[www.dataperfect.nl|http://www.dataperfect.nl]] - and has now been adapted to an online environment where it is now able to function as a web server.
In a broader context, the radical change in an in increasingly networked information economy - touched on but not fully developed in Yochai Benkler's [[The Wealth of Networks|The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom]] is the largely unappreciated reality that in a networked knowledge-based universe, a universe in which knowledge is the central basis for wealth and in which the zero-based properties of information become increasingly self-evident and appreciated - i.e. that information has zero mass, zero physical size and takes virtually zero time and cost to travel - accessibility to wealth is no longer constrained the laws of conservation of mass and energy.
Type the text for 'New Tiddler'
Hand-in-hand with the online dimensions of ''Climate Change 2.0'' is a focus on the simple, yet vital task of ''Renewing the Earth'' through composting -
!! Transition to knowledge-based economies, societies and environments
* Nature and properties of a knowledge-based universe and networked information economy +++
* Zero-based properties of information
* Zero marginal cost
* Equilibrium in a knowledge-based economy
===
* ''Transformation of information ecosystems'' +++
* [[Information ecosystems]]
* Evolution of collaborative information tools
** Online meeting software
** Electronic mailing lists
** Wikis
** Blogs
** Social bookmarking sites
* Emergence of Open Source software & digital commons
** Open source communities
** Digital commons communities
===
* ''Transformation of markets'' +++
* Evolution of "perfect markets"
* [[The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom]]
===
* ''Transformation of news media'' +++
* Revival of freedom of the press
===
* ''Thinking differently'' +++
* Holistic approaches
* Collective intelligence
===
!! Climate Change information ecosystems
* ''Role of information technology'' +++
* observing, analyzing and modeling climate change;
* collaboration among climate change researchers;
* publication and dissemination of climate change information;
* organizing local, national and international responses to climate change;
* monitoring and managing energy use, e.g. smart buildings, intelligent transportation systems, industrial ecology; and
* design, development and management of low-carbon energy technologies.
===
* ''Climate change reports & analyses'' +++
* Complexity of climate change information
* Predominance of pdf (print/paper oriented) publication +++
* Absence of pdf bookmarks
===
* Absence of common climate change taxonomy search framework
* Barriers to search optimization
* Opportunities for optimization of digital access
===
* ''Climate change, environmental & sustainable development agreements'' +++
* Lack of integrative framework for agreements
* Lack of integrative monitoring frameworks
===
* ''Climate change networks'' +++
* Science & research communities
* Governments & intergovernmental organizations
* Civil society networks & organizations
* Indigenous peoples
* Faith-based networks
* Industry networks
* Education community
* Energy producers - states & corporations
===
* ''Climate change in the media'' +++
* Consolidation of mainstream media & relationship with energy industry
* Proliferation of Independent media - blogs, video, audio, wikis, et al
===
!! Participating organizations
Below is a listing of bookmarked pdf files of the Synthesis Report and the Summaries for Policymakers of the three Working Groups of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report. Climate Change 2007.
The use of bookmarks in pdf files makes it much easier to navigate through these documents, especially in the case of large files.
{{clear{
|>|>|''Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers'' |h
| | |http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-spm.pdf |
|>|>|''Synthesis Report: Longer Report'' |h
| | |http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr.pdf |
| |>|Introduction |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-introduction.pdf |
||Topic 1 |Observed changes in climate and their effects |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-1.pdf |
||Topic 2 |Causes of change |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-2.pdf |
||Topic 3 |Climate change and its impacts in the near and long term under different scenarios |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-3.pdf |
| |Topic 4 |Adaptation and mitigation options and responses, and the interrelationship with sustainable development, at global and regional levels |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-4.pdf |
| |Topic 5 |The long-term perspective: scientific and socio-economic aspects relevant to adaptation and mitigation, consistent with the objectives and provisions of the Convention, and in the context of sustainable development |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-5.pdf |
| |Topic 6 |Robust findings, key uncertainties |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-6.pdf |
| |>|Appendices |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-appendix.pdf |
|>|>|''Working Group Reports'' |h
| |WG I |''The Physical Science Basis'': Summary for Policymakers |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/wg1-spm.pdf |
| |WG II |''Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability'': Summary for Policymakers |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/wg2-spm.pdf |
| |WG III |''Mitigation of Climate Change'': Summary for Policymakers |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/wg3-spm.pdf |
}}}
<<tiddler "A. Introduction (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
<<tiddler "B. Current knowledge about observed impacts of climate change on the natural and human environment (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
<<tiddler "C. Current knowledge about future impacts (ar4-wg2-spm)">>
* [[IPCC Reports]]
** [[Climate Change 2001: IPCC Third Assessment Report]]
** [[IPCC Special Reports]]
* [[Our Common Future]]
* [[Earth Summit Agreements]]
** [[Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]]
** [[Agenda 21]]
** [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]]
** [[Convention on Biological Diversity]]
* [[Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development]]
* [[Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development]]
* [[Millennium Development Goals]]
In response to the [[NGO/DPI Declaration on Climate Change]], the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]] established a ''Climate Change ~Sub-Committee'', charged with the responsibility of implementing the NGO Framework for Action as a tool for the NGO community to participate in an open, practical and transparent collaborative approach based on networking; ...
!! Chair
> [[Richard Jordan]], //~Co-Chair//, [[Planning Committee|60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference Planning Committee]] for the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]], //UN Representative//, International Council of Caring Communities
!! Editor
> [[Larry Roeder]], //UN Representative//, World Society for Protection of Animals
!! Members
<<<
[[William Gellermann]], //~Co-Chair//, Communications Coordination Committee for the United Nations
[[Moki Kokoris]], //UN Representative//, World Federation of Ukrainian Women's Organizations
<<<
!! ~Ex-Officio
<<<
[[Jeffrey Huffines]]. //Chair//, [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]], //UN Representative//, National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of the US
[[Joan Kirby]], //Past Chair//, [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]], //UN Representative//, Temple of Understanding
<<<
!! Invited Members
<<<
[[Renate Bloem]], //President//, [[Conference Of NGOs]]
[[Alice Slater]], //New York Director//, Nuclear Age Peace Foundation
<<<
We, over 1726 participants representing over 500 ~Non-Governmental Organisations from more than 62 countries,
* recognising that we share one planet and its environment, as well as a responsibility to protect future generations,
* recognising the special vulnerabilities of the indigenous, poor, coastal and rural populations,
* having met at the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]] at UN Headquarters from 5-7 September, 2007, with representatives of Member States, UN agencies and programs, the scientific community, the private sector, media and civil society, and
* having reviewed the latest scientific evidence from a wide variety of experts as well as hearing about the experiences of indigenous peoples to better understand climate change, its threats and how ~NGOs can broaden the base for knowledge and action to reduce those threats; make the following declaration:
# We affirm that climate change is mainly anthropogenic and is one of the most serious threats humanity and our environment have ever faced which if not addressed will cause:
## catastrophic effects to Earth's ecosystems, biodiversity and infrastructure;
## significantly reduced availability of food, water, energy and transport;
## massive migration of populations and the possible destruction of entire cultures and small island nations,
## significant damage to our economic, political, cultural, social and spiritual structures,
## increased local, national and international violence,
## significant psychological and emotional distress to individuals and communities
## irreversible harm to the lifestyles of indigenous peoples,
## increased spread of vector-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever, and
## negative impacts on human health and life expectancy.
# We commit ourselves over the next 12 months to a Framework for Action that will propose NGO solutions to these threats before they become irreversible:
## unify behind a common vision of collaboration - even if we disagree on tactics - to develop and implement plans for adaptation and mitigation1 taking into account the full range of consequences;
## act as vocal, active partners for change with the UN, governments at all levels, ~NGOs and other members of our global community;
## develop, implement and publicize individual and collaborative action plans for personal, economic and political change.
# We commend ~Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon's leadership in highlighting climate change as a major priority. We urge government, industry, and UN leaders, in partnership with the NGO community to emphasise proactive climate change priorities for the greater good in preparation for the [[UN Climate Change Conference in Bali]], December, 2007, and subsequent negotiations.
# We strongly recommend, for the sake of future generations, that government and industry leaders, the UN, other international organizations and the whole of civil society partner behind and implement concrete solutions, taking into account recommendations that emerge from the Framework for Action.
# We also strongly recommend that:
## all governments and civil society foster an ethical, moral foundation for ongoing sustainable development in our interdependent world making the well-being of all of humankind our priority.
## all educational institutions and media organizations more effectively educate about the issue of climate change with special emphasis on youth,
## governmental authorities consider penalties for excessive consumption and pollution as a method of financing climate change improvements, as well as financial incentives to foster climate-friendly technologies so that fossil fuel and nuclear based technologies can be phased out.
## governments recognize that war is damaging to the climate.
## all governments ratify UN conventions on climate change, the Kyoto protocol and other relevant climate conventions
# Finally, in order to implement the Framework for Action - recognizing that our views on challenges and opportunities will evolve as this process continues - we request that:
## the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]] and the [[Conference of NGOs in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations|Conference Of NGOs]] (CONGO) foster a plan as soon as possible to implement the Framework as a tool for the NGO community to participate in an open, practical and transparent collaborative approach based on networking;
## the Framework discussion culminate in an internet-based progress report to be submitted to the ~Secretary-General in one year and that a long-term dialogue for future action be fostered thereafter;
## the Framework process should network ~NGOs that might not otherwise typically collaborate by bridging the spectrum of NGO concerns interconnected by climate change, such as sustainable development, agriculture, forestry, issues affecting indigenous peoples, biodiversity, livestock and animal welfare, nuclear proliferation, the end of war, justice, ethnic groups, multigenerational issues, youth, gender equality, education, poverty, food and water security, culture of peace, interfaith cooperation, national global security and economic justice, as well as mental, spiritual and physical health.
----
//Note: Adaptation implies making lifestyle adjustments. Mitigation implies alleviating the problem.
/***
| Name:|CloseOnCancelPlugin|
| Description:|Closes the tiddler if you click new tiddler then cancel. Default behaviour is to leave it open|
| Version:|6.9.3|
| Date:|30-Sep-2006|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#CloseOnCancelPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| CoreVersion:|2.1.x|
***/
//{{{
merge(config.commands.cancelTiddler,{
handler_orig_closeUnsaved: config.commands.cancelTiddler.handler,
handler: function(event,src,title) {
this.handler_orig_closeUnsaved(event,src,title);
if (!store.tiddlerExists(title) && !store.isShadowTiddler(title))
story.closeTiddler(title,true);
return false;
}
});
//}}}
Foreground: #000
Background: #fff
PrimaryPale: #8cf
PrimaryLight: #18f
PrimaryMid: #04b
PrimaryDark: #014
SecondaryPale: #ffc
SecondaryLight: #fe8
SecondaryMid: #db4
SecondaryDark: #841
TertiaryPale: #eee
TertiaryLight: #ccc
TertiaryMid: #999
TertiaryDark: #666
Error: #f88
The [[ColorPalette]] tiddler is used in TiddlyWiki to define a set of colours - fifteen by default - whose names are then used in the [[StyleSheetColors]] tiddler. This system allow one to easily change the entire colour scheme of a TiddlyWiki site far more quickly than if one were to have change the colour for each style element.
|Background |#fff |@@bgcolor(#000000):color(#ffffff):Background@@ |@@bgcolor(#ffffff): @@|
|Foreground |#000 |@@color(#000000):Foreground@@ |@@bgcolor(#000000): @@|
|PrimaryPale |#8cf |@@color(#88ccff):~PrimaryPale@@ |@@bgcolor(#88ccff): @@|
|PrimaryLight |#18f |@@color(#1188ff):~PrimaryLight@@ |@@bgcolor(#1188ff): @@|
|PrimaryMid |#04b |@@color(#0044bb):~PrimaryMid@@ |@@bgcolor(#0044bb): @@|
|PrimaryDark |#017 |@@color(#001177):~PrimaryDark@@ |@@bgcolor(#001177): @@|
|SecondaryPale |#ffc |@@color(#ffffcc):~SecondaryPale@@ |@@bgcolor(#ffffcc): @@|
|SecondaryLight |#fe7 |@@color(#ffee77):~SecondaryLight@@ |@@bgcolor(#ffee77): @@|
|SecondaryMid |#db4 |@@color(#ddbb44):~SecondaryMid@@ |@@bgcolor(#ddbb44): @@|
|SecondaryDark |#841 |@@color(#884411):~SecondaryDark@@ |@@bgcolor(#884411): @@|
|TertiaryPale |#eee |@@color(#eeeeee):~TertiaryPale@@ |@@bgcolor(#eeeeee): @@|
|TertiaryLight |#ccc |@@color(#cccccc):~TertiaryLight@@ |@@bgcolor(#cccccc): @@|
|TertiaryMid |#999 |@@color(#999999):~TertiaryMid@@ |@@bgcolor(#999999): @@|
|TertiaryDark |#666 |@@color(#666666):~TertiaryDark@@ |@@bgcolor(#666666): @@|
|Error |#f77 |@@color(#ff7777):Error@@ |@@bgcolor(#ff7777): @@|
''CONGO'' - the ''C''onference ''O''f ''N''on-''G''overnmental ''O''rganizations in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations - is an independent, international, not-for-profit membership association of nongovernmental organizations that facilitates the participation of ~NGOs in United Nations debates and decisions. CONGO is most active in the major UN centers of New York, Geneva, and Vienna, but extends its work to all regions of the world. In 2002. CONGO became accredited in its own right as an NGO in General Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council.
* [[www.ngocongo.org/|http://www.ngocongo.org]]
The imminence and severity of the problems posed by the accelerating changes in the global climate are becoming increasingly evident. Heat waves are becoming more severe, droughts and downpours are becoming more intense, the Greenland Ice Sheet is shrinking and sea level is rising, and the increasing acidification of the oceans is threatening calcifying organisms. The environment and the world’s societies are facing increasing stress.
There is growing recognition of the complex scientific and technical issues related to climate change and sustainable development. The [[Johannesburg Plan of Implementation|http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm]], adopted in 2002 at the World Summit on Sustainable Development, requested that the United Nations Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD) "[g]ive greater consideration to the scientific contributions to sustainable development through, for example, drawing on the scientific community."
The ''United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs'' (DESA), in its role as Secretariat to the CSD, seeks to facilitate contributions by the scientific community to the work of the Commission. Accordingly, DESA invited ''Sigma Xi'', the Scientific Research Society, to convene an international panel of scientific experts to prepare a report outlining the best measures for mitigating and adapting to global warming for submission to the CSD.
To carry out this task, the Scientific Expert Group on Climate Change and Sustainable Development (SEG) was formed and is comprised of 18 distinguished international scientists. The panel was asked to consider innovative approaches for mitigating and/or adapting to projected climate changes, and to anticipate the relationship of response measures to sustainable development.
''Highlights of the resulting report include'':
* To avoid a entering a regime of sharply rising danger of intolerable impacts on humans, policy makers should limit temperature increases from global warming to 2-2.5°C above the 1750 pre-industrial level. It is still possible to avoid unmanageable changes in the future, but the time for action is now. +++
** Temperatures have already risen about 0.8°C[1] above pre-industrial levels and are projected to rise of approximately 3-5°C over pre-industrial levels by 2100.
** Avoiding temperature increases greater than 2-2.5°C would require very rapid success in reducing emissions of methane and black soot worldwide, and global carbon dioxide emissions must level off by 2015 or 2020 at not much above their current amount, before beginning a decline to no more than a third of that level by 2100.
===
* The technology exists to seize significant opportunities around the globe to reduce emissions and provide other economic, environmental and social benefits, including meeting the United Nations’ [[Millennium Development Goals]]. To do so, policy makers must immediately act to reduce emissions by: +++
** Improving efficiency in the transportation sector through measures such as vehicle efficiency standards, fuel taxes, and registration fees/rebates that favor purchase of efficient and alternative fuel vehicles.
** Improving design and efficiency of commercial and residential buildings through building codes, standards for equipment and appliances, incentives for property developers and landlords to build and manage properties efficiently, and financing for energy-efficiency investments.
** Expanding the use of biofuels through energy portfolio standards and incentives to growers and consumers.
** Beginning immediately, designing and deploying only coal-fired power plants that will be capable of cost-effective and environmentally-sound retrofits for capture and sequestration of their carbon emissions.
===
* Some level of climate change and impacts from it is already unavoidable. Societies must do more to adapt to ongoing and unavoidable changes in the Earth’s climate system by: +++
** Improving preparedness/response strategies and management of natural resources to cope with future climatic conditions that will be. fundamentally different than those experienced for the last 100 years.
** Addressing the adaptation needs of the poorest and most vulnerable nations, which will bear the brunt of climate change impacts.
** Planning and building climate resilient cities.
** Strengthening international, national, and regional institutions to cope with weather-related disasters and an increasing number of climate change refugees.
===
* The international community, through the UN and related multilateral institutions, can play a crucial role in advancing action to manage the unavoidable and avoid the unmanageable by: +++
** Helping developing countries and countries with economies in transition to finance and deploy energy efficient and new energy technologies.
** Accelerating negotiations to develop a successor international framework for addressing climate change and sustainable development.
** Educating all about the opportunities to adopt mitigation and adaptation measures.
===
''Download Confronting Climate Cnange'':
* [[Executive Summary|http://www.unfoundation.org/files/pdf/2007/SEG_ExecSumm.pdf]] (pdf, 3 Mb)
* [[Full Report|http://www.unfoundation.org/files/pdf/2007/SEG_Report.pdf]] (pdf, 8Mb)
* [[Corrected page 15|http://www.unfoundation.org/files/pdf/2007/SEG_errata_map.pdf]] (pdf, 4Mb)
Visit [[official web site for Confronting Climate Change|http://www.unfoundation.org/SEG/]]
!! Cryosphere tipping points
<<<
!!! Arctic region
** [[Loss of Arctic sea ice]] +++
> <<tiddler "Loss of Arctic sea ice">>
===
** [[Rapid deterioration of the Greenland Ice Sheet]] +++
> <<tiddler "Rapid deterioration of the Greenland Ice Sheet">>
===
** [[Thawing of permafrost and tundra, and the potential release of substantial amounts of Carbon Dioxide and Methane]] +++
> <<tiddler "Thawing of permafrost and tundra, and the potential release of substantial amounts of Carbon Dioxide and Methane">>
===
!!! Antartica
** [[Rapid deterioration of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and alteration of antarctic deep-water formation]] +++
> <<tiddler "Rapid deterioration of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) and alteration of antarctic deep-water formation">>
===
!!! Mountain glaciers and snowpack
** [[Accelerated melting of mountain glaciers and spring snowpack]] +++
> <<tiddler "Accelerated melting of mountain glaciers and spring snowpack">>
===
<<<
!! Oceans, sea-level and marine life
** [[Acceleration in the rate of rise of sea level]] +++
> <<tiddler "Acceleration in the rate of rise of sea level">>
===
** [[Sharply reduced rates of deep-water formation in the North Atlantic]] +++
> <<tiddler "Sharply reduced rates of deep-water formation in the North Atlantic">>
===
** [[Ocean acidification leading to loss of calcifying capability of marine species]] +++
> <<tiddler "Ocean acidification leading to loss of calcifying capability of marine species">>
===
** [[Increased occurrence of heat waves and high ocean temperatures]] +++
> <<tiddler "Increased occurrence of heat waves and high ocean temperatures">>
===
!! Weather patterns
** [[Alteration of atmospheric circulation and weather regimes]] +++
> <<tiddler "Alteration of atmospheric circulation and weather regimes">>
===
** [[Alteration of the Indian and possibly other monsoon systems]] +++
> <<tiddler "Alteration of the Indian and possibly other monsoon systems">>
===
** [[Significant disruption of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation]] +++
> <<tiddler "Significant disruption of the El Nino-Southern Oscillation">>
===
** [[Increased occurrence of heat waves and high ocean temperatures]] +++
> <<tiddler "Increased occurrence of heat waves and high ocean temperatures">>
===
** [[Intensification of drought and wildfire]] +++
> <<tiddler "Intensification of drought and wildfire">>
===
** [[Intensification of tropical cyclones (including typhoons and hurricanes)]] +++
> <<tiddler "Intensification of tropical cyclones (including typhoons and hurricanes)">>
===
!! Tropical vegetation
** [[Dieback of tropical vegetation (e.g. Amazon, central Africa)]] +++
> <<tiddler "Dieback of tropical vegetation (e.g. Amazon, central Africa)">>
===
** [[Bi-stability of Saharan vegetation]] +++
> <<tiddler "Bi-stability of Saharan vegetation">>
===
!! Ozone layer
** [[Enhancement of the springtime holes in the antarctic and arctic stratospheric ozone layers]] +++
> <<tiddler "Enhancement of the springtime holes in the antarctic and arctic stratospheric ozone layers">>
===
!!! Editorial Note
> The tipping points identified in [[Confronting Climate Change]] have been re-grouped here; "Increased occurrence of heat waves and high ocean temperatures" has been included in ''Oceans, sea-level and marine life'' and in ''Weather patterns and ''
<html><hide linebreaks>
Please use this form to send any messages, comments or questions about this site, or send an email to <a href="mailto:webster@climate-change-two.net">webster@climate-change-two.net</a>:
<p>
<form method=post target=email action="http://cgi.eytv4sfc.net/gdform.cgi" style="display:inline">
<input type=hidden name=to value="seasons-of-peace@earthlink.net.net">
<input type=hidden name=subject value="Climate Change 2.0 feedback">
<input type=hidden name=prefix value="The Economics of Climate Change">
<input type=hidden name=url value="javascript:window.close();">
<input type=text name=from style="width:49%" value="your name" onfocus="this.select()">
<input type=text name=reply style="width:49%" value="your email address" onfocus="this.select()"><br>
<input type=text name=organization style="width:99%" value="your organization (optional)" onfocus="this.select()"><br>
<font size=-2>Your message:</font><br>
<textarea rows=7 cols=50 name=text style="width:98%" onfocus="this.select()"></textarea><br>
<font size=-2>Enter your information, comments or questions, then press </font><input type=submit value="send"></form>
<p>
Please note that your message will probably remain here are you have sent it, and that doesn't mean the message hasn't been sent!
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@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the ''UN Documents Cooperation Circles"' web site. You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.un-documents.net/cbd.htm@@
<html>
<iframe
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes"
src = "http://www.un-documents.net/cbd.htm"
title = "Convention on Biological Diversity">
</iframe> </html>
This website is made available under a ''Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike Licence 3.0'', and registered as [[Common Content]] at
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the [[Creative Commons]] web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/@@
<html><iframe
src = "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"
title = "Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Share-Alike Licence 3.0"
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
/***
|''Name:''|CryptoFunctionsPlugin|
|''Description:''|Support for cryptographic functions|
***/
//{{{
if(!version.extensions.CryptoFunctionsPlugin) {
version.extensions.CryptoFunctionsPlugin = {installed:true};
//--
//-- Crypto functions and associated conversion routines
//--
// Crypto "namespace"
function Crypto() {}
// Convert a string to an array of big-endian 32-bit words
Crypto.strToBe32s = function(str)
{
var be = Array();
var len = Math.floor(str.length/4);
var i, j;
for(i=0, j=0; i<len; i++, j+=4) {
be[i] = ((str.charCodeAt(j)&0xff) << 24)|((str.charCodeAt(j+1)&0xff) << 16)|((str.charCodeAt(j+2)&0xff) << 8)|(str.charCodeAt(j+3)&0xff);
}
while (j<str.length) {
be[j>>2] |= (str.charCodeAt(j)&0xff)<<(24-(j*8)%32);
j++;
}
return be;
};
// Convert an array of big-endian 32-bit words to a string
Crypto.be32sToStr = function(be)
{
var str = "";
for(var i=0;i<be.length*32;i+=8)
str += String.fromCharCode((be[i>>5]>>>(24-i%32)) & 0xff);
return str;
};
// Convert an array of big-endian 32-bit words to a hex string
Crypto.be32sToHex = function(be)
{
var hex = "0123456789ABCDEF";
var str = "";
for(var i=0;i<be.length*4;i++)
str += hex.charAt((be[i>>2]>>((3-i%4)*8+4))&0xF) + hex.charAt((be[i>>2]>>((3-i%4)*8))&0xF);
return str;
};
// Return, in hex, the SHA-1 hash of a string
Crypto.hexSha1Str = function(str)
{
return Crypto.be32sToHex(Crypto.sha1Str(str));
};
// Return the SHA-1 hash of a string
Crypto.sha1Str = function(str)
{
return Crypto.sha1(Crypto.strToBe32s(str),str.length);
};
// Calculate the SHA-1 hash of an array of blen bytes of big-endian 32-bit words
Crypto.sha1 = function(x,blen)
{
// Add 32-bit integers, wrapping at 32 bits
add32 = function(a,b)
{
var lsw = (a&0xFFFF)+(b&0xFFFF);
var msw = (a>>16)+(b>>16)+(lsw>>16);
return (msw<<16)|(lsw&0xFFFF);
};
// Add five 32-bit integers, wrapping at 32 bits
add32x5 = function(a,b,c,d,e)
{
var lsw = (a&0xFFFF)+(b&0xFFFF)+(c&0xFFFF)+(d&0xFFFF)+(e&0xFFFF);
var msw = (a>>16)+(b>>16)+(c>>16)+(d>>16)+(e>>16)+(lsw>>16);
return (msw<<16)|(lsw&0xFFFF);
};
// Bitwise rotate left a 32-bit integer by 1 bit
rol32 = function(n)
{
return (n>>>31)|(n<<1);
};
var len = blen*8;
// Append padding so length in bits is 448 mod 512
x[len>>5] |= 0x80 << (24-len%32);
// Append length
x[((len+64>>9)<<4)+15] = len;
var w = Array(80);
var k1 = 0x5A827999;
var k2 = 0x6ED9EBA1;
var k3 = 0x8F1BBCDC;
var k4 = 0xCA62C1D6;
var h0 = 0x67452301;
var h1 = 0xEFCDAB89;
var h2 = 0x98BADCFE;
var h3 = 0x10325476;
var h4 = 0xC3D2E1F0;
for(var i=0;i<x.length;i+=16) {
var j,t;
var a = h0;
var b = h1;
var c = h2;
var d = h3;
var e = h4;
for(j = 0;j<16;j++) {
w[j] = x[i+j];
t = add32x5(e,(a>>>27)|(a<<5),d^(b&(c^d)),w[j],k1);
e=d; d=c; c=(b>>>2)|(b<<30); b=a; a = t;
}
for(j=16;j<20;j++) {
w[j] = rol32(w[j-3]^w[j-8]^w[j-14]^w[j-16]);
t = add32x5(e,(a>>>27)|(a<<5),d^(b&(c^d)),w[j],k1);
e=d; d=c; c=(b>>>2)|(b<<30); b=a; a = t;
}
for(j=20;j<40;j++) {
w[j] = rol32(w[j-3]^w[j-8]^w[j-14]^w[j-16]);
t = add32x5(e,(a>>>27)|(a<<5),b^c^d,w[j],k2);
e=d; d=c; c=(b>>>2)|(b<<30); b=a; a = t;
}
for(j=40;j<60;j++) {
w[j] = rol32(w[j-3]^w[j-8]^w[j-14]^w[j-16]);
t = add32x5(e,(a>>>27)|(a<<5),(b&c)|(d&(b|c)),w[j],k3);
e=d; d=c; c=(b>>>2)|(b<<30); b=a; a = t;
}
for(j=60;j<80;j++) {
w[j] = rol32(w[j-3]^w[j-8]^w[j-14]^w[j-16]);
t = add32x5(e,(a>>>27)|(a<<5),b^c^d,w[j],k4);
e=d; d=c; c=(b>>>2)|(b<<30); b=a; a = t;
}
h0 = add32(h0,a);
h1 = add32(h1,b);
h2 = add32(h2,c);
h3 = add32(h3,d);
h4 = add32(h4,e);
}
return Array(h0,h1,h2,h3,h4);
};
}
//}}}
You can wrap any text in an HTML {{{<span>}}} or {{{<div>}}} with a specified CSS class. This allows custom CSS styling in a nice, modular way. By placing a rule in your StyleSheet tiddler like {{{.wrappingClass{color: #666; background: #bbb} }}} you can markup a piece of text in the tiddler using this code:
{{{
{{wrappingClass{Text that is now accentuated}}}
}}}
{{wrappingClass{Text that is now accentuated}}}
By default, the text is placed in a {{{<span>}}}. To use a {{{<div>}}} instead, insert a line break before the text:
{{{
{{wrappingClass{
Text that is now accentuated}}}
}}}
{{wrappingClass{
Text that is now accentuated}}}
/***
|Name|HoverMenuPlugin|
|Created by|[[Saq Imtiaz]]|
|Location|http://tw.lewcid.org/#HoverMenuPlugin|
|Version|1.11|
|Requires|~TW2.x|
|Description: |Provides a hovering menu on the edge of the screen for commonly used commands, that scrolls with the page. |
|Demo: |Observe the hovering menu on the right edge of the screen. |
|Installation: |Copy the contents of this tiddler to your TW, tag with systemConfig, save and reload your TW. |
To customize your HoverMenu, edit the HoverMenu shadow tiddler.
To customize whether the menu sticks to the right or left edge of the screen, and its start position, edit the HoverMenu configuration settings part of the code below. It's well documented, so don't be scared!
The menu has an id of hoverMenu, in case you want to style the buttons in it using css.
!Notes:
Since the default HoverMenu contains buttons for toggling the side bar and jumping to the top of the screen and to open tiddlers, the ToggleSideBarMacro, JumpMacro and the JumpToTopMacro are included in this tiddler, so you dont need to install them separately. Having them installed separately as well could lead to complications.
If you dont intend to use these three macros at all, feel free to remove those sections of code in this tiddler.
!To Do:
* rework code to allow multiple hovering menus in different positions, horizontal etc.
* incorporate code for keyboard shortcuts that correspond to the buttons in the hovermenu
!History:
*03-08-06, ver 1.1.2: compatibility fix with SelectThemePlugin
*03-08-06, ver 1.11: fixed error with button tooltips
*27-07-06, ver 1.1 : added JumpMacro to hoverMenu
*23-07-06
!Code
***/
/***
start HoverMenu plugin code
***/
//{{{
config.hoverMenu={};
//}}}
/***
HoverMenu configuration settings
***/
//{{{
config.hoverMenu.settings={
align: 'right', //align menu to right or left side of screen, possible values are 'right' and 'left'
x: 18, // horizontal distance of menu from side of screen, increase to your liking.
y: 200 //vertical distance of menu from top of screen at start, increase or decrease to your liking
};
//}}}
//{{{
//continue HoverMenu plugin code
config.hoverMenu.handler=function()
{
if (!document.getElementById("hoverMenu"))
{
var theMenu = createTiddlyElement(document.getElementById("contentWrapper"), "div","hoverMenu");
theMenu.setAttribute("refresh","content");
theMenu.setAttribute("tiddler","HoverMenu");
var menuContent = store.getTiddlerText("HoverMenu");
wikify(menuContent,theMenu);
}
var Xloc = this.settings.x;
Yloc =this.settings.y;
var ns = (navigator.appName.indexOf("Netscape") != -1);
function SetMenu(id)
{
var GetElements=document.getElementById?document.getElementById(id):document.all?document.all[id]:document.layers[id];
if(document.layers)GetElements.style=GetElements;
GetElements.sP=function(x,y){this.style[config.hoverMenu.settings.align]=x +"px";this.style.top=y +"px";};
GetElements.x = Xloc;
GetElements.y = findScrollY();
GetElements.y += Yloc;
return GetElements;
}
window.LoCate_XY=function()
{
var pY = findScrollY();
ftlObj.y += (pY + Yloc - ftlObj.y)/15;
ftlObj.sP(ftlObj.x, ftlObj.y);
setTimeout("LoCate_XY()", 10);
}
ftlObj = SetMenu("hoverMenu");
LoCate_XY();
};
window.old_lewcid_hovermenu_restart = restart;
restart = function()
{
window.old_lewcid_hovermenu_restart();
config.hoverMenu.handler();
};
setStylesheet(
"#hoverMenu .imgLink, #hoverMenu .imgLink:hover {border:none; padding:0px; float:right; margin-bottom:2px; margin-top:0px;}\n"+
"#hoverMenu .button, #hoverMenu .tiddlyLink {border:none; font-weight:bold; background:#18f; color:#FFF; padding:0 5px; float:right; margin-bottom:4px;}\n"+
"#hoverMenu .button:hover, #hoverMenu .tiddlyLink:hover {font-weight:bold; border:none; color:#fff; background:#000; padding:0 5px; float:right; margin-bottom:4px;}\n"+
"#hoverMenu .button {width:100%; text-align:center}"+
"#hoverMenu { position:absolute; width:7px;}\n"+
"\n","hoverMenuStyles");
config.macros.renameButton={};
config.macros.renameButton.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
if (place.lastChild.tagName!="BR")
{
place.lastChild.firstChild.data = params[0];
if (params[1]) {place.lastChild.title = params[1];}
}
};
config.shadowTiddlers["HoverMenu"]="<<top>>\n<<toggleSideBar>><<renameButton '>' >>\n<<jump j '' top>>\n<<saveChanges>><<renameButton s 'Save TiddlyWiki'>>\n<<newTiddler>><<renameButton n>>\n";
//}}}
//end HoverMenu plugin code
//Start ToggleSideBarMacro code
//{{{
config.macros.toggleSideBar={};
config.macros.toggleSideBar.settings={
styleHide : "#sidebar { display: none;}\n"+"#contentWrapper #displayArea { margin-right: 1em;}\n"+"",
styleShow : " ",
arrow1: "«",
arrow2: "»"
};
config.macros.toggleSideBar.handler=function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var tooltip= params[1]||'toggle sidebar';
var mode = (params[2] && params[2]=="hide")? "hide":"show";
var arrow = (mode == "hide")? this.settings.arrow1:this.settings.arrow2;
var label= (params[0]&¶ms[0]!='.')?params[0]+" "+arrow:arrow;
var theBtn = createTiddlyButton(place,label,tooltip,this.onToggleSideBar,"button HideSideBarButton");
if (mode == "hide")
{
(document.getElementById("sidebar")).setAttribute("toggle","hide");
setStylesheet(this.settings.styleHide,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
}
};
config.macros.toggleSideBar.onToggleSideBar = function(){
var sidebar = document.getElementById("sidebar");
var settings = config.macros.toggleSideBar.settings;
if (sidebar.getAttribute("toggle")=='hide')
{
setStylesheet(settings.styleShow,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
sidebar.setAttribute("toggle","show");
this.firstChild.data= (this.firstChild.data).replace(settings.arrow1,settings.arrow2);
}
else
{
setStylesheet(settings.styleHide,"ToggleSideBarStyles");
sidebar.setAttribute("toggle","hide");
this.firstChild.data= (this.firstChild.data).replace(settings.arrow2,settings.arrow1);
}
return false;
}
setStylesheet(".HideSideBarButton .button {font-weight:bold; padding: 0 5px;}\n","ToggleSideBarButtonStyles");
//}}}
//end ToggleSideBarMacro code
//start JumpToTopMacro code
//{{{
config.macros.top={};
config.macros.top.handler=function(place,macroName)
{
createTiddlyButton(place,"^","jump to top",this.onclick);
}
config.macros.top.onclick=function()
{
window.scrollTo(0,0);
};
config.commands.top =
{
text:" ^ ",
tooltip:"jump to top"
};
config.commands.top.handler = function(event,src,title)
{
window.scrollTo(0,0);
}
//}}}
//end JumpToStartMacro code
//start JumpMacro code
//{{{
config.macros.jump= {};
config.macros.jump.handler = function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var label = (params[0] && params[0]!=".")? params[0]: 'jump';
var tooltip = (params[1] && params[1]!=".")? params[1]: 'jump to an open tiddler';
var top = (params[2] && params[2]=='top') ? true: false;
var btn =createTiddlyButton(place,label,tooltip,this.onclick);
if (top==true)
btn.setAttribute("top","true")
}
config.macros.jump.onclick = function(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var theTarget = resolveTarget(e);
var top = theTarget.getAttribute("top");
var popup = Popup.create(this);
if(popup)
{
if(top=="true")
{createTiddlyButton(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li"),'Top ↑','Top of TW',config.macros.jump.top);
createTiddlyElement(popup,"hr");}
story.forEachTiddler(function(title,element) {
createTiddlyLink(createTiddlyElement(popup,"li"),title,true);
});
}
Popup.show(popup,false);
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return false;
}
config.macros.jump.top = function()
{
window.scrollTo(0,0);
}
//}}}
//end JumpMacro code
//utility functions
//{{{
Popup.show = function(unused,slowly)
{
var curr = Popup.stack[Popup.stack.length-1];
var rootLeft = findPosX(curr.root);
var rootTop = findPosY(curr.root);
var rootHeight = curr.root.offsetHeight;
var popupLeft = rootLeft;
var popupTop = rootTop + rootHeight;
var popupWidth = curr.popup.offsetWidth;
var winWidth = findWindowWidth();
if (isChild(curr.root,'hoverMenu'))
var x = config.hoverMenu.settings.x;
else
var x = 0;
if(popupLeft + popupWidth+x > winWidth)
popupLeft = winWidth - popupWidth -x;
if (isChild(curr.root,'hoverMenu'))
{curr.popup.style.right = x + "px";}
else
curr.popup.style.left = popupLeft + "px";
curr.popup.style.top = popupTop + "px";
curr.popup.style.display = "block";
addClass(curr.root,"highlight");
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Scroller(curr.popup,slowly));
else
window.scrollTo(0,ensureVisible(curr.popup));
}
window.isChild = function(e,parentId) {
while (e != null) {
var parent = document.getElementById(parentId);
if (parent == e) return true;
e = e.parentNode;
}
return false;
};
//}}}
The ''DPI/NGO Conference Planning Committee'' has the responsibility of planning the Annual DPI/NGO Conference. The Planning Committee for the 60th Conference is chaired by ''Richard Jordan'' and meets on a weekly basis - with occasional exceptions - each Thursday at United Nations Headquarters in New York. To be added to the list for receiving meeting announcements, minutes, etc, please send an email to ''section5 (at) un (dot) org''.
The [[NGO Committee on Education]] was a co-sponsor and organizer - with [[Rotary International]], [[UNESCO|http://www.unesco.org]], [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]], [[Earthwatch Institute]] and the [[Armenian Assembly of America]] - of ''Education, Youth & Technology for Sustainable Development'', a workshop at the ''59th Annual DPI/NGO Conference'' in September 2005 that focused on the [[United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development]]. For additional information on the workshop, please visit [[www.ngo-education.net/workshop|http://www.ngo-education.net/workshop]] - a site that was the Information and Communications Sub-Committee's first experiment with the TiddlyWiki software platform.
Note that an earlier web site has been created for the workshop, using the open source educational software platform ''Moodle''- an acronym for Modular Object-Oriented Dynamic Learning Environment - see [[www.moodle.org|http://www.moodle.org]]. However. while Moodle offers some exceptional features, it is a much more complex platform, and unlike TiddlyWiki, which is a self-contained web site requiring only a browser to create, edit and/or view a pages, Moodle requires the installation of server-side software - and a web hosting service that permits the installation of the necessary software. You may be able to access the Moodle site for the Workshop - currently hosted sporadically on a home computer running Windows XP - at http://24.215.188.100/index.php
Daphne Cohen received han Ed.D. from Yeshiva University in New York in Administration and Supervision in 2006 , having conducted doctoral research on children’s views on basic concepts in morality. Building upon the work of Piaget, Kohlberg, Vygotsky, and Gilligan, Daphne was awarded a Schupf Foundation Fellowship that funded her doctoral research - undertaken with students at the United Nations International School.
In addition to pursuing her post-graduate education, Daphne is a Professor at the Graduate School of General and Special Education at Touro College. Professor Cohen teaches a variety of methods courses at Touro integrating technology into various disciplines such as math and science for elementary and middle school teachers. Dr. Cohen also teaches courses for CITE (Center for Integrated Teacher Education) and has taught educational technology and library programs in a variety of day schools. In addition, Professor Cohen has taught online courses for Axia College of the University of Phoenix and Touro College. Daphne is facilitating online courses in the areas of Educational methods integrating technology, math and science for elementary school teachers and critical thinking.
A strong proponent of ongoing professional development with an overriding belief in the importance of utilizing the latest educational resources and technology to meet students’ needs and maintain a challenging, stimulating academic environment, Daphne spearheaded the development of a broad range of educational technology training workshops for school’s, serving as an invaluable resource to assist educators in integrating leading-edge technologies into the core curriculum. She created a comprehensive resource manual encapsulating educational software for early childhood through high school students.
Since 1996, Daphne has developed educational programming and curriculum, established library media centers for educational organizations, and published educational materials. A key highlight in Daphne’s career was the publication of her coauthored work In Search of the Seven Wonders of Noah, a children’s book exploring moral and character education, and a companion educator’s resource guide. Daphne has developed and continues to deliver both teacher and student workshops delving into these publications.
An enthusiastic and dedicated educator committed to developing responsible, caring, and productive contributors to society, Daphne has a long track record of developing educational curriculum that sparks students’ curiosity, creativity, and critical thinking skills and encourages a life-long love of learning.
Prior to pursuing her doctoral studies, Daphne obtained a Master of Science in Education from Yeshiva University and a Bachelor of Science
in Elementary Education from Touro College in New York. She holds an Elementary and Early Childhood Education Certification through the
State of New York as well as a Principal and Teacher’s License from the National Board of License for Teachers and Principals of Private
Schools in North America. Finally, Dr. Cohen spent a year studying at Jerusalem College in Israel.
Dr. Cohen serves as treasurer of the NGO Committee on Education. Dr. Cohen is also a member of the Ethical Union, CEP {Character Education Partnership), AME {Association for Moral Education}, and the APA {American Psychological Association}.
The contents of this TiddlyWiki web page were generated from a ''~DataPerfect'' database. ~DataPerfect is a little-known, brilliant relational database compantion of the legendary ''~WordPerfect for DOS'', which was used to prepare the text from the pdf files of The Stern Review for input into the ~DataPerfect database. The design of ~DataPerfect makes it an exceptional vehicle for generating content for TiddlyWiki web pages.
~DataPerfect was written, and is still maintained by, ''Lew Bastian'' - older brother of ~WordPerfect's author; before joinging the ''~WordPerfect Corporation'', Lew had worked for ''IBM'', where he had written some of the early disk-caching patents. The development of ~DataPerfect was discontinued by the ''~WordPerfect Corporation'' after the introduction of Windows, and subsequently, Novell made the program freely available; an active ''~DataPerfect Users Group'' - [[www.dataperfect.nl|http://www.dataperfect.nl]] - of which Lew Bastian is a leading member - provides exceptional support.
<<<
Women's Environment and Development Organization (WEDO)
Council of Women World Leaders (CWWL)
Heinrich Böll Foundation
> //The following recommendations in the area of climate change and gender equality were developed on the occasion of the UN Secretary General's [[High-Level Climate Change Event|High-Level Event on Climate Change, September 24, 2007]] and the ~High-Level Roundtable "How a Changing Climate Impacts Women" organized by the partners above.^^/1^^//
>> //September 2007//
<<<
* The UN ~Secretary-General and governments should send a strong message to this year's UNFCCC COP-13 in Bali that gender equality is to be integrated as a crosscutting issue in the negotiations and debates and that women's equal participation must be ensured. Governments should draw on the innumerable global agreements that relate directly or indirectly to gender equality and climate change^^/2^^, as well as gender expertise within the UN system and at the national level.
* Given that women's knowledge and participation has been critical to the survival of entire communities in disaster situations, governments should take advantage of women's specialized skills in various aspects of their livelihood and natural resource management strategies that lend themselves to mitigation and adaptation.
* Since climate change disproportionately affects poor women, governments should analyze and identify gender-specific impacts and protection measures related to floods, droughts, heat waves, diseases, and other environmental changes and disasters. The global community should prioritize reducing the high levels of female mortality rates resulting from climate-induced disasters and livelihood changes.
* Given the vulnerability of the poor, and particularly women, to climate change, adequate funds must be allocated by Annex I countries to help these groups adapt to the impacts.
* Practical tools should be developed that allow governments and institutions to incorporate gender equality in climate change initiatives.
* Governments at national and local levels should develop strategies to enhance women's access to and control over natural resources, in order to reduce poverty, protect environmental resources, and ensure that women and poor communities can better cope with climate change.
* Governments and institutions should enhance opportunities for education and training in climate change mitigation and adaptation. Capacity building and technology transfer measures should draw on priorities put forward by women and poor communities.
* Women's participation in climate change related debates and planning must be enhanced by tools and procedures that augment their capacity and sensitize decision- makers to the advantages of equal participation.
* The UNFCCC should develop a gender strategy, invest in gender-specific climate change research, and establish a system for the use of gender-sensitive indicators and criteria for governments to use in national reporting to the UNFCCC Secretariat, adaptation planning, or projects under the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM).
* Market-based approaches to curbing climate change, such as the Clean Development Mechanism, should be made accessible to both women and men and ensure equitable benefits, considering that women and men do not have equal access to natural resources such as water and energy, land titles, credit, or information. In particular, the CDM should fund projects that make renewable energy technologies more available to women and meet their household needs.
* The gendered impacts of biofuels and nuclear energy as a solution to reducing greenhouse gas emissions should be assessed, in cooperation with gender experts and women's organizations.
* Since the UNFCCC emerged from UNCED, which outlines nine major groups that are essential to sustainable development, women and all major groups should be included as official focal points in the UNFCCC.
1/ These recommendations also draw on policy recommendations developed by the UNFCCC women's caucus and the CSD Women's Major Group.
2/ [[Chapter 24 of Agenda 21|Agenda 21, Chapter 24]] (UNCED 1992); [[Johannesburg Plan of Action|Johannesburg Plan of Implementation]] (WSSD 2002); Paragraph K of the [[Beijing Platform for Action]] (4th World Conference on Women 1995); World Conference on Human Rights (1993); International Conference on Population and Development (1994); World Summit for Social Development (1995); [[Millennium Declaration]] (2000); Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (1979); [[Convention on Biodiversity|Convention on Biological Diversity]] (1992); Convention to Combat Desertification (1994); Ministerial Declaration of the 3rd World Water Forum (2003); Children's World Summit (1990); [[Second United Nations Conference on Human Settlements|Habitat II]] (1996); World Summit on Food (1996); [[Hyogo Framework for Action]] (UN World Conference on Disaster Reduction 2005)
For more information, contact: Rebecca Pearl, WEDO - rebecca@wedo.org or 212-973-0325 More information: www.wedo.org ([[sustainable development section|http://www.wedo.org/programs.aspx?mode=development]])
[[Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers: Table of Contents]]
Climate change in IPCC usage refers to a change in the state of the climate that can be identified (e.g. using statistical tests) by changes in the mean and/or the variability of its properties, and that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer. It refers to any change in climate over time, whether due to natural variability or as a result of human activity. This usage differs from that in the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change|UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: Article 1: Definitions]] +++
> <<tiddler "UN Framework Convention on Climate Change: Article 1: Definitions">>
===
(UNFCCC), where climate change refers to a change of climate that is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.
/***
|''Name:''|DeprecatedFunctionsPlugin|
|''Description:''|Support for deprecated functions removed from core|
***/
//{{{
if(!version.extensions.DeprecatedFunctionsPlugin) {
version.extensions.DeprecatedFunctionsPlugin = {installed:true};
//--
//-- Deprecated code
//--
// @Deprecated: Use createElementAndWikify and this.termRegExp instead
config.formatterHelpers.charFormatHelper = function(w)
{
w.subWikify(createTiddlyElement(w.output,this.element),this.terminator);
};
// @Deprecated: Use enclosedTextHelper and this.lookaheadRegExp instead
config.formatterHelpers.monospacedByLineHelper = function(w)
{
var lookaheadRegExp = new RegExp(this.lookahead,"mg");
lookaheadRegExp.lastIndex = w.matchStart;
var lookaheadMatch = lookaheadRegExp.exec(w.source);
if(lookaheadMatch && lookaheadMatch.index == w.matchStart) {
var text = lookaheadMatch[1];
if(config.browser.isIE)
text = text.replace(/\n/g,"\r");
createTiddlyElement(w.output,"pre",null,null,text);
w.nextMatch = lookaheadRegExp.lastIndex;
}
};
// @Deprecated: Use <br> or <br /> instead of <<br>>
config.macros.br = {};
config.macros.br.handler = function(place)
{
createTiddlyElement(place,"br");
};
// Find an entry in an array. Returns the array index or null
// @Deprecated: Use indexOf instead
Array.prototype.find = function(item)
{
var i = this.indexOf(item);
return i == -1 ? null : i;
};
// Load a tiddler from an HTML DIV. The caller should make sure to later call Tiddler.changed()
// @Deprecated: Use store.getLoader().internalizeTiddler instead
Tiddler.prototype.loadFromDiv = function(divRef,title)
{
return store.getLoader().internalizeTiddler(store,this,title,divRef);
};
// Format the text for storage in an HTML DIV
// @Deprecated Use store.getSaver().externalizeTiddler instead.
Tiddler.prototype.saveToDiv = function()
{
return store.getSaver().externalizeTiddler(store,this);
};
// @Deprecated: Use store.allTiddlersAsHtml() instead
function allTiddlersAsHtml()
{
return store.allTiddlersAsHtml();
}
// @Deprecated: Use refreshPageTemplate instead
function applyPageTemplate(title)
{
refreshPageTemplate(title);
}
// @Deprecated: Use story.displayTiddlers instead
function displayTiddlers(srcElement,titles,template,unused1,unused2,animate,unused3)
{
story.displayTiddlers(srcElement,titles,template,animate);
}
// @Deprecated: Use story.displayTiddler instead
function displayTiddler(srcElement,title,template,unused1,unused2,animate,unused3)
{
story.displayTiddler(srcElement,title,template,animate);
}
// @Deprecated: Use functions on right hand side directly instead
var createTiddlerPopup = Popup.create;
var scrollToTiddlerPopup = Popup.show;
var hideTiddlerPopup = Popup.remove;
// @Deprecated: Use right hand side directly instead
var regexpBackSlashEn = new RegExp("\\\\n","mg");
var regexpBackSlash = new RegExp("\\\\","mg");
var regexpBackSlashEss = new RegExp("\\\\s","mg");
var regexpNewLine = new RegExp("\n","mg");
var regexpCarriageReturn = new RegExp("\r","mg");
}
//}}}
Diane Paravazian has had more than twenty years of experience in language and cross-cultural education and training both in academic and business settings. She has worked for the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and Pace University as the Director of the World Trade Institute Language Center. As Director of the Language Center, she has created innovative and customized language and culture programs for major corporations. As Director and Adjunct Professor of French at Pace University, with Pace University's Department of Modern Languages, she designed a new undergraduate major, and a related bridge program at Murry Bergtraum High School. Currently Ms. Paravazian is a Professor of French at St. John's University, is working on her Doctoral Dissertation in at New York University and serves on a number of boards, including the Business Advisory Board of Murry Bergtraum High School, and the American Association of Teachers of French, Metropolitan Chapter. She is Treasurer of the Société des Professeurs Français et Francophones d'Amérique, a foundation which offers grants to students studying French. Ms. Paravazian has received a number of academic fellowships and awards, including the French Government's "Chevalier des Palmes Académiques."
At the United Nations, Ms. Paravazian serves as UN Representative for the [[World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts]]; she had previously represented the [[Armenian Assembly of America]] since 2000. During this time she has been a member of the DPI/NGO Planning Committee, Media Co-Chair for the Conference, member of the NGO Committees on Sustainable Development and Human Rights, Secretary of the NGO Committee on Education . She is currently active as member at large on the NGO Committee on the Status of Women and Acting Co-Chair of the [[NGO Committee on Education]].
!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
> A decrease in rainfall is projected that would lead to the gradual death of the forest as fires become more frequent and extensive. Changes could occur over periods of decades once they started.
!!Expected Environmental Consequences
> Forest death would lead to loss of many ecosystems rich in biodiversity and significantly reduce carbon storage, amplifying global warming.
!!Likely Societal Significance
> In the region, loss of a very productive ecosystem and diminution of water storage. Globally, greater warming and significant loss of biodiversity
/***
|Name|DisableWikiLinksPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#DisableWikiLinksPlugin|
|Version|1.5.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <br>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides|Tiddler.prototype.autoLinkWikiWords, 'wikiLink' formatter|
|Description|selectively disable TiddlyWiki's automatic ~WikiWord linking behavior|
This plugin allows you to disable TiddlyWiki's automatic ~WikiWord linking behavior, so that WikiWords embedded in tiddler content will be rendered as regular text, instead of being automatically converted to tiddler links. To create a tiddler link when automatic linking is disabled, you must enclose the link text within {{{[[...]]}}}.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
You can block automatic WikiWord linking behavior for any specific tiddler by ''tagging it with<<tag excludeWikiWords>>'' (see configuration below) or, check a plugin option to disable automatic WikiWord links to non-existing tiddler titles, while still linking WikiWords that correspond to existing tiddlers titles or shadow tiddler titles. You can also block specific selected WikiWords from being automatically linked by listing them in [[DisableWikiLinksList]] (see configuration below), separated by whitespace. This tiddler is optional and, when present, causes the listed words to always be excluded, even if automatic linking of other WikiWords is being permitted.
Note: WikiWords contained in default ''shadow'' tiddlers will be automatically linked unless you select an additional checkbox option lets you disable these automatic links as well, though this is not recommended, since it can make it more difficult to access some TiddlyWiki standard default content (such as AdvancedOptions or SideBarTabs)
<<<
!!!!!Configuration
<<<
Self-contained control panel:
<<option chkDisableWikiLinks>> Disable ALL automatic WikiWord tiddler links
<<option chkAllowLinksFromShadowTiddlers>> ... except for WikiWords //contained in// shadow tiddlers
<<option chkDisableNonExistingWikiLinks>> Disable automatic WikiWord links for non-existing tiddlers
Disable automatic WikiWord links for words listed in: <<option txtDisableWikiLinksList>>
Disable automatic WikiWord links for tiddlers tagged with: <<option txtDisableWikiLinksTag>>
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2006.06.09 [1.5.0]'' added configurable txtDisableWikiLinksTag (default value: "excludeWikiWords") to allows selective disabling of automatic WikiWord links for any tiddler tagged with that value.
''2006.12.31 [1.4.0]'' in formatter, test for chkDisableNonExistingWikiLinks
''2006.12.09 [1.3.0]'' in formatter, test for excluded wiki words specified in DisableWikiLinksList
''2006.12.09 [1.2.2]'' fix logic in autoLinkWikiWords() (was allowing links TO shadow tiddlers, even when chkDisableWikiLinks is TRUE).
''2006.12.09 [1.2.1]'' revised logic for handling links in shadow content
''2006.12.08 [1.2.0]'' added hijack of Tiddler.prototype.autoLinkWikiWords so regular (non-bracketed) WikiWords won't be added to the missing list
''2006.05.24 [1.1.0]'' added option to NOT bypass automatic wikiword links when displaying default shadow content (default is to auto-link shadow content)
''2006.02.05 [1.0.1]'' wrapped wikifier hijack in init function to eliminate globals and avoid FireFox 1.5.0.1 crash bug when referencing globals
''2005.12.09 [1.0.0]'' initial release
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.disableWikiLinks= {major: 1, minor: 5, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,6,9)};
if (config.options.chkDisableNonExistingWikiLinks==undefined) config.options.chkDisableNonExistingWikiLinks= false;
if (config.options.chkDisableWikiLinks==undefined) config.options.chkDisableWikiLinks=false;
if (config.options.txtDisableWikiLinksList==undefined) config.options.txtDisableWikiLinksList="DisableWikiLinksList";
if (config.options.chkAllowLinksFromShadowTiddlers==undefined) config.options.chkAllowLinksFromShadowTiddlers=true;
if (config.options.txtDisableWikiLinksTag==undefined) config.options.txtDisableWikiLinksTag="excludeWikiWords";
// find the formatter for wikiLink and replace handler with 'pass-thru' rendering
initDisableWikiLinksFormatter();
function initDisableWikiLinksFormatter() {
for (var i=0; i<config.formatters.length && config.formatters[i].name!="wikiLink"; i++);
config.formatters[i].coreHandler=config.formatters[i].handler;
config.formatters[i].handler=function(w) {
// supress any leading "~" (if present)
var skip=(w.matchText.substr(0,1)==config.textPrimitives.unWikiLink)?1:0;
var title=w.matchText.substr(skip);
var exists=store.tiddlerExists(title);
var inShadow=w.tiddler && store.isShadowTiddler(w.tiddler.title);
// check for excluded Tiddler
if (w.tiddler && w.tiddler.isTagged(config.options.txtDisableWikiLinksTag))
{ w.outputText(w.output,w.matchStart+skip,w.nextMatch); return; }
// check for specific excluded wiki words
var t=store.getTiddlerText(config.options.txtDisableWikiLinksList)
if (t && t.length && t.indexOf(w.matchText)!=-1)
{ w.outputText(w.output,w.matchStart+skip,w.nextMatch); return; }
// if not disabling links from shadows (default setting)
if (config.options.chkAllowLinksFromShadowTiddlers && inShadow)
return this.coreHandler(w);
// check for non-existing non-shadow tiddler
if (config.options.chkDisableNonExistingWikiLinks && !exists)
{ w.outputText(w.output,w.matchStart+skip,w.nextMatch); return; }
// if not enabled, just do standard WikiWord link formatting
if (!config.options.chkDisableWikiLinks)
return this.coreHandler(w);
// just return text without linking
w.outputText(w.output,w.matchStart+skip,w.nextMatch)
}
}
Tiddler.prototype.coreAutoLinkWikiWords = Tiddler.prototype.autoLinkWikiWords;
Tiddler.prototype.autoLinkWikiWords = function()
{
// DEBUG alert("processing: "+this.title);
// if all automatic links are not disabled, just return results from core function
if (!config.options.chkDisableWikiLinks)
return this.coreAutoLinkWikiWords.apply(this,arguments);
return false;
}
//}}}
Title: Title
Author: Author
Date: Date
You are welcome to download this TiddlyWiki web site and to customize it for your own purposes. All you need to do is ''save this page'' - as a //Web page, HTML only// onto your local hard drive, or to a USB memory card.
Once you have downloaded the page, and opened the local copy of the web site, you will be able to explore the wonderful world of TiddlyWiki in far greater depth than is possible if you only navigate the page on a web site. Go to the [[Setup Menu]] that shows you how to take the simple steps to customize this web site and make it into an information habitat that you can then add on to, rebuild, re-organize - and share and exchange with others what we have collected and learned about the scope and dimensions of the climate change crisis - and how we are called to respond.
This site is part of an evolving network of sites and initiatives of [[Climate Change 2.0]] that is based on appreciation of the transformative characteristics of a knowledge-based universe and the remarkable evolution of software and related resources - from email and email groups/lists, web browsing and Google searches to blogs, wikis & tiddlywikis, streaming media and ~YouTube, increasingly inexpensive devices - from cell phones to Ipods, video cameras, often in a wireless environment - is transforming our ability to gather and organize information, to exchange it freely with friends and colleagues and to collaborate on anything from writing enhanced software to developing and facilitating a global framework for action to come to terms with the [[climate change crisis|Climate change crisis]]
/%Wikis - wiki is a Hawaiian word the means swift or swiftly - have been playing a vital role in the evoling global commons, both by the
within which there is a progressive emergence of free and open source software that serves as a vital foundation for an Earth community that recognizes knowledge as being at the heart of wealth, and in a networked information economy in which software, free software, playing a role in the digital economy that streeel mills did in the industrial revolution.%/
/***
|Name|EditFieldPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#EditFieldPlugin|
|Version|1.0.0|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|extend core edit macro for use in ViewTemplates or direct embedding in tiddler content|
This HIJACK extends the core {{{<<edit fieldname>>}}} macro for use in a ViewTemplate or directly embedded in tiddler content. Enter single- or multi- line text from 'view mode' tiddler displays and save/discard your input using ENTER, ESC, or automatic 'blur' handling.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
Normally, when you edit a tiddler, any changes you make are only saved (or discarded) when you press the "done" (or "cancel") command in the tiddler editor's toolbar. However, when in a 'view mode' context, these command items are not available, and so cannot be used to trigger the 'save/discard' handling once you have decided that your input activities are complete. Instead, you will be automatically prompted to save/discard your changes (if any) as soon as you move away from a text edit field or multi-line text area. Alternatively, pressing ENTER while in an edit field will save your input, while pressing ESCAPE will abandon your input (after prompting for confirmation).
<<<
!!!!!Examples
<<<
{{{<<edit foobar>>}}}
<<edit foobar>>
{{{<<edit mumble 5>>}}}
<<edit mumble 5>>
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document: [[EditFieldPlugin]]
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.08.22 [1.0.0]'' initial release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by Eric L Shulman / ELS Design Studios
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.editFieldPlugin= {major: 1, minor: 0, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,8,22)};
config.macros.edit.editFieldPlugin_savedHandler=config.macros.edit.handler;
config.macros.edit.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
// let core create edit field
config.macros.edit.editFieldPlugin_savedHandler.apply(this,arguments);
// get edit field or textarea
var ins=place.getElementsByTagName(params[0]=="text"||params[1]?'textarea':'input');
var e=ins[ins.length-1];
// if viewing tiddler, add autosave handlers
var here=story.findContainingTiddler(place);
if (here && here.getAttribute("template").indexOf("ViewTemplate")!=-1) {
story.setDirty(tiddler.title,false); // clear tiddler ("dirty") flag set by core when field was created
var field=e.getAttribute("edit");
var val=store.getValue(tiddler.title,field); if (!val) val="";
e.setAttribute("currval",val); // remember starting value
e.setAttribute("tiddler",tiddler.title); // remember target tiddler
e.onkeydown=function(ev) { // ENTER key=save (for single-line edit fields only)
var event=ev?ev:window.event;
this.setAttribute("keyCode",event.keyCode); // save last keyCode for blur() handler
if (event.keyCode==13 && this.nodeName.toUpperCase()!="TEXTAREA")
this.saveField(); // save input to tiddler field
}
e.onblur=function(ev) { // accept or reject input when focus moves away from field
var event=ev?ev:window.event;
var tid=this.getAttribute("tiddler"); if (!tid || !tid.length) return;
var field=this.getAttribute("edit");
if (this.value!=this.getAttribute("currval")) { // if value has changed
if (this.getAttribute("keyCode")=="27") { // if user pressed ESC
var msg="Abandon changes to %0@%1?".format([field,tid]);
if (confirm(msg)) this.value=this.getAttribute("currval"); // reset to starting value
this.id=new Date().getTime(); // set unique ID
setTimeout("document.getElementById('"+this.id+"').focus()",1); // restore focus (after blur completes)
} else { // other focus change events
var msg="Save changes to %0@%1?".format([field,tid]);
if (confirm(msg)) this.saveField(); // save input to tiddler field, then continue blur
else this.value=this.getAttribute("currval"); // reset to starting value, then continue blur
}
}
};
e.saveField=function() { // save input value to tiddler field (create, touch or rename tiddler as needed)
var tid=this.getAttribute("tiddler"); if (!tid || !tid.length) return;
var field=this.getAttribute("edit");
var title=(field=="title")?this.value:tid;
if (!title.length) { // prevent blank tiddler title from being used
this.value=this.getAttribute("currval"); // reset to starting value
this.id=new Date().getTime(); // set unique ID
setTimeout("displayMessage('Please enter a non-blank value')",1); // notify user
setTimeout("document.getElementById('"+this.id+"').focus()",2); // set focus to continue editing
return;
}
var t=store.getTiddler(tid);
store.suspendNotifications();
var anim=config.options.chkAnimate; config.options.chkAnimate=false; // suspend animation
store.saveTiddler(t?tid:title,title,t?t.body:"",config.options.txtUserName,new Date(),t?t.tags:[],t?t.fields:null);
store.setValue(title,field,this.value); // save value in tiddler field
this.setAttribute("currval",this.value); // remember new starting value
if (tid!=title) // if title changed, display renamed tiddler in place of current one
{ story.displayTiddler(story.findContainingTiddler(this),title); story.closeTiddler(tid); }
if (field=="text") // if tiddler content changed, refresh tiddler display
{ story.refreshTiddler(title,null,true); }
config.options.chkAnimate=anim; // resume animation
store.resumeNotifications();
};
}
}
//}}}
<!--{{{-->
<div class='toolbar' macro='toolbar +saveTiddler -cancelTiddler deleteTiddler jump'></div>
<div class='title' macro='view title'></div>
<div class='editor' macro='edit title'></div>
<div class='editor' macro='edit text'></div>
<div class='editor' macro='edit tags'></div>
<div class='editorFooter'><span macro='message views.editor.tagPrompt'></span><span macro='tagChooser'></span></div>
<div class='toolbar' macro='toolbar +saveTiddler -cancelTiddler deleteTiddler jump'></div>
<!--}}}-->
{{{
[img[title|filename]]
[img[filename]]
[img[title|filename][link]]
[img[filename][link]]
}}}
Images can be included by their filename or full URL. It's good practice to include a title to be shown as a tooltip, and when the image isn't available. An image can also link to another tiddler or or a URL
[img[Romanesque broccoli|fractalveg.jpg][http://www.flickr.com/photos/jermy/10134618/]]
{{{
[img[Fractal vegetable|fractalveg.jpg]]
[img[This is shown as a tooltip|http://example.com/image.jpg]]
[img[http://example.com/image.jpg]]
[img[http://example.com/image.jpg][ExampleDotCom]]
}}}
The tooltip is optional.
[<img[Forest|forest.jpg][http://www.flickr.com/photos/jermy/8749660/]][>img[Field|field.jpg][http://www.flickr.com/photos/jermy/8749285/]]You can also float images to the left or right: the forest is left aligned with {{{[<img[}}}, and the field is right aligned with {{{[>img[}}}.
@@clear(left):clear(right):display(block):You can use CSS to clear the floats@@
{{{
[<img[A woody bit of Hampstead Heath|forest.jpg]]
[>img[A field near Milton Keynes|field.jpg]]
}}}
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Cooling of the stratosphere caused by the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases will create temperatures conducive to sharper reductions in springtime ozone.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Reduced springtime ozone levels will significantly increase the intensity of ultraviolet (UV) radiation at the surface, adversely affecting both marine and terrestrial ecosystems and food chains
!!!Likely Societal Significance
In high-latitude regions, the heightened levels of UV radiation will adversely affect human health, especially as warming promotes greater outdoor activity without appropriate protection.
The Executive Committee of the [[NGO Committee on Education]] consists of the Officers, Members-at-Large, and Sub-Committee Chairs (//ex officio//):
!!! Co-Chairs
* [[Diane Paravazian]], [[World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts]]
* [[Faye C. Feller]], [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]]
!!! Secretary
* ''Catherine Waters'', [[Catholic International Education Office]]
!!! Treasurer
* [[Daphne Cohen]], [[International Humanist and Ethical Union]]
!!!Members-at-Large
* ''Catherine Moore''. [[International Federation of University Women]]
* ''Doris Sargeant'', [[Rotary International]]
* ''Cora Weiss'', [[The Hague Appeal for Peace]]
!!!Sub-Committee Chairs
* ''Information & Communications Sub-Committee''
** [[Robert Pollard]], [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]]
/***
|Name|ExportTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ExportTiddlersPlugin|
|Version|2.4.1|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|select and extract tiddlers from your ~TiddlyWiki documents and save them to a local file|
When many people edit copies of the same TiddlyWiki document, the ability to easily copy and share these changes so they can then be redistributed to the entire group is very important. This ability is also very useful when moving your own tiddlers from document to document (e.g., when upgrading to the latest version of TiddlyWiki, or 'pre-loading' your favorite stylesheets into a new 'empty' TiddlyWiki document.)
ExportTiddlersPlugin let you ''select and extract tiddlers from your ~TiddlyWiki documents and save them to a local file'' or a remote server (requires installation of compatible server-side scripting, still under development...). An interactive control panel lets you specify a destination, and then select which tiddlers to export. A convenient 'selection filter' helps you pick desired tiddlers by specifying a combination of modification dates, tags, or tiddler text to be matched or excluded. ''Tiddler data can be output as ~TiddlyWiki "storeArea ~DIVs" that can be imported into another ~TiddlyWiki or as ~RSS-compatible XML that can be published for RSS syndication.''
!!!!!Inline interface (live)
<<<
<<exportTiddlers inline>>
<<<
!!!!!Usage
<<<
Optional "special tiddlers" used by this plugin:
* SiteUrl^^
URL for official server-published version of document being viewed (used in XML export)
default: //none//^^
* SiteHost^^
host name/address for remote server (e.g., "www.server.com" or "192.168.1.27")
default: //none//^^
* SitePost^^
remote path/filename for submitting changes (e.g., "/cgi-bin/submit.cgi")
default: //none//^^
* SiteParams^^
arguments (if any) for server-side receiving script
default: //none//^^
* SiteNotify^^
addresses (if any) for sending automatic server-side email notices
default: //none//^^
* SiteID^^
username or other authorization identifier for login-controlled access to remote server
default: current TiddlyWiki username (e.g., "YourName")^^
* SiteDate^^
stored date/time stamp for most recent published version of document
default: current document.modified value (i.e., the 'file date')^^
<<<
!!!!!Example
<<<
<<exportTiddlers>>
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
Import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''ExportTiddlersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
create/edit ''SideBarOptions'': (sidebar menu items)
^^Add {{{<<exportTiddlers>>}}} macro^^
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.07.16 [2.4.1]'' in exportTWHeader(), reset HTML source 'markup' so installed markup is NOT copied to new file.
''2007.06.30 [2.4.0]'' added "select related tiddlers" feature. Recursively scans the tiddler links[] info to find all tiddlers referenced by any of the currently selected tiddler, and then selects them all (including the original tiddlers). ''//Theoretically//'', selecting all related tiddlers should ensure that the exported file contains all tiddlers needed to properly render all of the originally selected tiddlers.
''2007.04.19 [2.3.0]'' in exportData(), pass SiteURL value as param to saveToRss(). Fixes 'undefined' appearing in tiddler link in XML output. Also, in refreshExportList(), added 'sort by tags'. Also, added 'group select'... selecting a heading (date,author,tag) auto-selects all tiddlers in that group.
''2007.03.02 [2.2.6]'' in onClickExportButton(), when selecting open tiddlers for TW2.2, look for "storyDisplay" instead of "tiddlerDisplay" but keep fallback to "tiddlerDisplay" for TW2.1 or earlier
''2007.03.01 [2.2.5]'' removed hijack of store.saveChanges() (was catching save on http:, but there are other solutions that do a much better job of handling save to server.
|please see [[ExportTiddlersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.10.09 [0.0.0]'' development started
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // version
//{{{
version.extensions.exportTiddlers = {major: 2, minor: 4, revision: 1, date: new Date(2007,7,16)};
//}}}
// // macro handler
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers = {
label: "export tiddlers",
prompt: "Copy selected tiddlers to an export document",
newdefault: "export.html",
datetimefmt: "0MM/0DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss" // for "filter date/time" edit fields
};
config.macros.exportTiddlers.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
if (params[0]!="inline")
{ createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,onClickExportMenu); return; }
var panel=createExportPanel(place);
panel.style.position="static";
panel.style.display="block";
}
function createExportPanel(place) {
var panel=document.getElementById("exportPanel");
if (panel) { panel.parentNode.removeChild(panel); }
setStylesheet(config.macros.exportTiddlers.css,"exportTiddlers");
panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"span","exportPanel",null,null)
panel.innerHTML=config.macros.exportTiddlers.html;
exportShowPanel(document.location.protocol);
exportInitFilter();
refreshExportList(0);
return panel;
}
function onClickExportMenu(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var parent=resolveTarget(e).parentNode;
var panel = document.getElementById("exportPanel");
if (panel==undefined || panel.parentNode!=parent)
panel=createExportPanel(parent);
var isOpen = panel.style.display=="block";
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(panel,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
panel.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block" ;
if (panel.style.display!="none") refreshExportList(0); // update list when panel is made visible
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return(false);
}
//}}}
// // IE needs explicit scoping for functions called by browser events
//{{{
window.onClickExportMenu=onClickExportMenu;
window.onClickExportButton=onClickExportButton;
window.exportShowPanel=exportShowPanel;
window.exportShowFilterFields=exportShowFilterFields;
window.refreshExportList=refreshExportList;
//}}}
// // CSS for floating export control panel
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers.css = '\
#exportPanel {\
display: none; position:absolute; z-index:12; width:35em; right:105%; top:6em;\
background-color: #eee; color:#000; font-size: 8pt; line-height:110%;\
border:1px solid black; border-bottom-width: 3px; border-right-width: 3px;\
padding: 0.5em; margin:0em; -moz-border-radius:1em;\
}\
#exportPanel a, #exportPanel td a { color:#009; display:inline; margin:0px; padding:1px; }\
#exportPanel table { width:100%; border:0px; padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:8pt; line-height:110%; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel tr { border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel td { color:#000; border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#exportPanel select { width:98%;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%;}\
#exportPanel input { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%; }\
#exportPanel textarea { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;overflow:auto;font-size:8pt; }\
#exportPanel .box { border:1px solid black; padding:3px; margin-bottom:5px; background:#f8f8f8; -moz-border-radius:5px; }\
#exportPanel .topline { border-top:2px solid black; padding-top:3px; margin-bottom:5px; }\
#exportPanel .rad { width:auto;border:0 }\
#exportPanel .chk { width:auto;border:0 }\
#exportPanel .btn { width:auto; }\
#exportPanel .btn1 { width:98%; }\
#exportPanel .btn2 { width:48%; }\
#exportPanel .btn3 { width:32%; }\
#exportPanel .btn4 { width:24%; }\
#exportPanel .btn5 { width:19%; }\
';
//}}}
// // HTML for export control panel interface
//{{{
config.macros.exportTiddlers.html = '\
<!-- output target and format -->\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td width=50%>\
export to\
<select size=1 id="exportTo" onchange="exportShowPanel(this.value);">\
<option value="file:" SELECTED>this computer</option>\
<option value="http:">web server (http)</option>\
<option value="https:">secure web server (https)</option>\
<option value="ftp:">file server (ftp)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width=50%>\
output format\
<select id="exportFormat" size=1>\
<option value="DIV">TiddlyWiki export file</option>\
<option value="TW">TiddlyWiki document</option>\
<option value="XML">RSS feed (XML)</option>\
</select>\
</td></tr></table>\
\
<!-- export to local file -->\
<div id="exportLocalPanel" style="margin-top:5px;">\
local path/filename<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFilename" size=40 style="width:93%"><input \
type="button" id="exportBrowse" value="..." title="select or enter a local folder/file..." style="width:5%" \
onclick="this.previousSibling.value=window.promptForExportFilename(this);">\
<!--<input type="file" id="exportFilename" size=57 style="width:100%"><br>-->\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- export to http server -->\
<div id="exportHTTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-top:5px;">\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
server location, script, and parameters<br>\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportNotify"\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'exportSetNotifyPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> notify\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="text" id="exportHTTPServerURL" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
<div id="exportSetNotifyPanel" style="display:none">\
send email notices to<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportNotifyTo" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</div>\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- export to ftp server -->\
<div id="exportFTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-top:5px;">\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="32%"><tr valign="top"><td>\
host server<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPHost" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td><td width="32%">\
username<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPID" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td><td width="32%">\
password<br>\
<input type="password" id="exportFTPPW" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</td></tr></table>\
FTP path/filename<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportFTPFilename" onfocus="this.select()"><br>\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- notes -->\
notes<br>\
<textarea id="exportNotes" rows=3 cols=40 style="height:4em;margin-bottom:5px;" onfocus="this.select()"></textarea> \
\
<!-- list of tiddlers -->\
<table><tr align="left"><td>\
select:\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectAll"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select all tiddlers">\
all </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectChanges"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers changed since last save">\
changes </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectOpened"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers currently being displayed">\
opened </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportSelectRelated"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="select all tiddlers related (by link or transclusion) to the currently selected tiddlers">\
related </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportToggleFilter"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="show/hide selection filter">\
filter </a> \
</td><td align="right">\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportListSmaller"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="reduce list size">\
– </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportListLarger"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="increase list size">\
+ </a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<select id="exportList" multiple size="10" style="margin-bottom:5px;"\
onchange="refreshExportList(this.selectedIndex)">\
</select><br>\
</div><!--box-->\
\
<!-- selection filter -->\
<div id="exportFilterPanel" style="display:none">\
<table><tr align="left"><td>\
selection filter\
</td><td align="right">\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="exportHideFilter"\
onclick="onClickExportButton(this)" title="hide selection filter">hide</a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<div class="box">\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportFilterStart" value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> starting date/time<br>\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="center"><td width="50%">\
<select size=1 id="exportFilterStartBy" onchange="exportShowFilterFields(this);">\
<option value="0">today</option>\
<option value="1">yesterday</option>\
<option value="7">a week ago</option>\
<option value="30">a month ago</option>\
<option value="site">SiteDate</option>\
<option value="file">file date</option>\
<option value="other">other (mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width="50%">\
<input type="text" id="exportStartDate" onfocus="this.select()"\
onchange="document.getElementById(\'exportFilterStartBy\').value=\'other\';">\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="exportFilterEnd" value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> ending date/time<br>\
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr valign="center"><td width="50%">\
<select size=1 id="exportFilterEndBy" onchange="exportShowFilterFields(this);">\
<option value="0">today</option>\
<option value="1">yesterday</option>\
<option value="7">a week ago</option>\
<option value="30">a month ago</option>\
<option value="site">SiteDate</option>\
<option value="file">file date</option>\
<option value="other">other (mm/dd/yyyy hh:mm)</option>\
</select>\
</td><td width="50%">\
<input type="text" id="exportEndDate" onfocus="this.select()"\
onchange="document.getElementById(\'exportFilterEndBy\').value=\'other\';">\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id=exportFilterTags value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> match tags<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportTags" onfocus="this.select()">\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id=exportFilterText value="1"\
onclick="exportShowFilterFields(this)"> match titles/tiddler text<br>\
<input type="text" id="exportText" onfocus="this.select()">\
</div> <!--box-->\
</div> <!--panel-->\
\
<!-- action buttons -->\
<div style="text-align:center">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportFilter" value="apply filter">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportStart" value="export tiddlers">\
<input type=button class="btn3" onclick="onClickExportButton(this)"\
id="exportClose" value="close">\
</div><!--center-->\
';
//}}}
// // initialize interface
// // exportShowPanel(which)
//{{{
function exportShowPanel(which) {
var index=0; var panel='exportLocalPanel';
switch (which) {
case 'file:':
case undefined:
index=0; panel='exportLocalPanel'; break;
case 'http:':
index=1; panel='exportHTTPPanel'; break;
case 'https:':
index=2; panel='exportHTTPPanel'; break;
case 'ftp:':
index=3; panel='exportFTPPanel'; break;
default:
alert("Sorry, export to "+which+" is not yet available");
break;
}
exportInitPanel(which);
document.getElementById('exportTo').selectedIndex=index;
document.getElementById('exportLocalPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('exportHTTPPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById('exportFTPPanel').style.display='none';
document.getElementById(panel).style.display='block';
}
//}}}
// // exportInitPanel(which)
//{{{
function exportInitPanel(which) {
switch (which) {
case "file:": // LOCAL EXPORT PANEL: file/path:
// ** no init - security issues in IE **
break;
case "http:": // WEB EXPORT PANEL
case "https:": // SECURE WEB EXPORT PANEL
// url
if (store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_download")) {
var theURL=store.getTiddlerText("unawiki_download");
theURL=theURL.replace(/\[\[download\|/,'').replace(/\]\]/,'');
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_host"))?"unawiki_host":"SiteHost";
var theHost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=document.location.host;
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=title;
}
// server script/params
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_host"))?"unawiki_host":"SiteHost";
var theHost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=document.location.host;
if (!theHost || !theHost.length) theHost=title;
// get POST
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_post"))?"unawiki_post":"SitePost";
var thePost=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!thePost || !thePost.length) thePost="/"+title;
// get PARAMS
var title=(store.tiddlerExists("unawiki_params"))?"unawiki_params":"SiteParams";
var theParams=store.getTiddlerText(title);
if (!theParams|| !theParams.length) theParams=title;
var serverURL = which+"//"+theHost+thePost+"?"+theParams;
document.getElementById("exportHTTPServerURL").value=serverURL;
// get NOTIFY
var theAddresses=store.getTiddlerText("SiteNotify");
if (!theAddresses|| !theAddresses.length) theAddresses="SiteNotify";
document.getElementById("exportNotifyTo").value=theAddresses;
break;
case "ftp:": // FTP EXPORT PANEL
// host
var siteHost=store.getTiddlerText("SiteHost");
if (!siteHost || !siteHost.length) siteHost=document.location.host;
if (!siteHost || !siteHost.length) siteHost="SiteHost";
document.getElementById("exportFTPHost").value=siteHost;
// username
var siteID=store.getTiddlerText("SiteID");
if (!siteID || !siteID.length) siteID=config.options.txtUserName;
document.getElementById("exportFTPID").value=siteID;
// password
document.getElementById("exportFTPPW").value="";
// file/path
document.getElementById("exportFTPFilename").value="";
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // exportInitFilter()
//{{{
function exportInitFilter() {
// start date
document.getElementById("exportFilterStart").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportStartDate").value="";
// end date
document.getElementById("exportFilterEnd").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportEndDate").value="";
// tags
document.getElementById("exportFilterTags").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportTags").value="";
// text
document.getElementById("exportFilterText").checked=false;
document.getElementById("exportText").value="";
// show/hide filter input fields
exportShowFilterFields();
}
//}}}
// // exportShowFilterFields(which)
//{{{
function exportShowFilterFields(which) {
var show;
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterStart').checked;
document.getElementById('exportFilterStartBy').style.display=show?"block":"none";
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').style.display=show?"block":"none";
var val=document.getElementById('exportFilterStartBy').value;
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').value
=getFilterDate(val,'exportStartDate').formatString(config.macros.exportTiddlers.datetimefmt);
if (which && (which.id=='exportFilterStartBy') && (val=='other'))
document.getElementById('exportStartDate').focus();
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterEnd').checked;
document.getElementById('exportFilterEndBy').style.display=show?"block":"none";
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').style.display=show?"block":"none";
var val=document.getElementById('exportFilterEndBy').value;
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').value
=getFilterDate(val,'exportEndDate').formatString(config.macros.exportTiddlers.datetimefmt);
if (which && (which.id=='exportFilterEndBy') && (val=='other'))
document.getElementById('exportEndDate').focus();
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterTags').checked;
document.getElementById('exportTags').style.display=show?"block":"none";
show=document.getElementById('exportFilterText').checked;
document.getElementById('exportText').style.display=show?"block":"none";
}
//}}}
// // onClickExportButton(which): control interactions
//{{{
function onClickExportButton(which)
{
// DEBUG alert(which.id);
var theList=document.getElementById('exportList'); if (!theList) return;
var count = 0;
var total = store.getTiddlers('title').length;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'exportFilter':
count=filterExportList();
var panel=document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel');
if (count==-1) { panel.style.display='block'; break; }
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage("filtered "+formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) { alert("No tiddlers were selected"); panel.style.display='block'; }
break;
case 'exportStart':
exportTiddlers();
break;
case 'exportHideFilter':
case 'exportToggleFilter':
var panel=document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel')
panel.style.display=(panel.style.display=='block')?'none':'block';
break;
case 'exportSelectChanges':
var lastmod=new Date(document.lastModified);
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value); if (!tiddler) continue;
theList.options[t].selected=(tiddler.modified>lastmod);
count += (tiddler.modified>lastmod)?1:0;
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) alert("There are no unsaved changes");
break;
case 'exportSelectAll':
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count += 1;
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,count));
break;
case 'exportSelectOpened':
for (var t = 0; t < theList.options.length; t++) theList.options[t].selected=false;
var tiddlerDisplay = document.getElementById("tiddlerDisplay"); // for TW2.1-
if (!tiddlerDisplay) tiddlerDisplay = document.getElementById("storyDisplay"); // for TW2.2+
for (var t=0;t<tiddlerDisplay.childNodes.length;t++) {
var tiddler=tiddlerDisplay.childNodes[t].id.substr(7);
for (var i = 0; i < theList.options.length; i++) {
if (theList.options[i].value!=tiddler) continue;
theList.options[i].selected=true; count++; break;
}
}
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,total));
if (count==0) alert("There are no tiddlers currently opened");
break;
case 'exportSelectRelated':
// recursively build list of related tiddlers
function getRelatedTiddlers(tid,tids) {
var t=store.getTiddler(tid); if (!t || tids.contains(tid)) return tids;
tids.push(t.title);
if (!t.linksUpdated) t.changed();
for (var i=0; i<t.links.length; i++)
if (t.links[i]!=tid) tids=getRelatedTiddlers(t.links[i],tids);
return tids;
}
// for all currently selected tiddlers, gather up the related tiddlers (including self) and select them as well
var tids=[];
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++)
if (theList.options[i].selected) tids=getRelatedTiddlers(theList.options[i].value,tids);
// select related tiddlers (includes original selected tiddlers)
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++)
theList.options[i].selected=tids.contains(theList.options[i].value);
clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(tids.length,total));
break;
case 'exportListSmaller': // decrease current listbox size
var min=5;
theList.size-=(theList.size>min)?1:0;
break;
case 'exportListLarger': // increase current listbox size
var max=(theList.options.length>25)?theList.options.length:25;
theList.size+=(theList.size<max)?1:0;
break;
case 'exportClose':
document.getElementById('exportPanel').style.display='none';
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // list display
//{{{
function formatExportMessage(count,total)
{
var txt=total+' tiddler'+((total!=1)?'s':'')+" - ";
txt += (count==0)?"none":(count==total)?"all":count;
txt += " selected for export";
return txt;
}
function refreshExportList(selectedIndex)
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList");
var sort;
if (!theList) return;
// get the sort order
if (!selectedIndex) selectedIndex=0;
if (selectedIndex==0) sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==1) sort='title';
if (selectedIndex==2) sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==3) sort='modifier';
if (selectedIndex==4) sort='tags';
// unselect headings and count number of tiddlers actually selected
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (!theList.options[t].selected) continue;
if (theList.options[t].value!="")
count++;
else { // if heading is selected, deselect it, and then select and count all in section
theList.options[t].selected=false;
for ( t++; t<theList.options.length && theList.options[t].value!=""; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
}
}
// disable "export" button if no tiddlers selected
document.getElementById("exportStart").disabled=(count==0);
// show selection count
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers('title');
if (theList.options.length) { clearMessage(); displayMessage(formatExportMessage(count,tiddlers.length)); }
// if a [command] item, reload list... otherwise, no further refresh needed
if (selectedIndex>4) return;
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
// add heading and control items to list
var i=0;
var indent=String.fromCharCode(160)+String.fromCharCode(160);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(tiddlers.length+" tiddlers in document", "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="title" )?">":indent)+' [by title]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="modified")?">":indent)+' [by date]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="modifier")?">":indent)+' [by author]', "",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=
new Option(((sort=="tags" )?">":indent)+' [by tags]', "",false,false);
// output the tiddler list
switch(sort)
{
case "title":
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t].title,tiddlers[t].title,false,false);
break;
case "modifier":
case "modified":
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers(sort);
// sort descending for newest date first
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[sort] == b[sort]) return(0); else return (a[sort] > b[sort]) ? -1 : +1; });
var lastSection = "";
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
{
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theSection = "";
if (sort=="modified") theSection=tiddler.modified.toLocaleDateString();
if (sort=="modifier") theSection=tiddler.modifier;
if (theSection != lastSection)
{
theList.options[i++] = new Option(theSection,"",false,false);
lastSection = theSection;
}
theList.options[i++] = new Option(indent+indent+tiddler.title,tiddler.title,false,false);
}
break;
case "tags":
var theTitles = {}; // all tiddler titles, hash indexed by tag value
var theTags = new Array();
for(var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var title=tiddlers[t].title;
var tags=tiddlers[t].tags;
if (!tags || !tags.length) {
if (theTitles["untagged"]==undefined) { theTags.push("untagged"); theTitles["untagged"]=new Array(); }
theTitles["untagged"].push(title);
}
else for(var s=0; s<tags.length; s++) {
if (theTitles[tags[s]]==undefined) { theTags.push(tags[s]); theTitles[tags[s]]=new Array(); }
theTitles[tags[s]].push(title);
}
}
theTags.sort();
for(var tagindex=0; tagindex<theTags.length; tagindex++) {
var theTag=theTags[tagindex];
theList.options[i++]=new Option(theTag,"",false,false);
for(var t=0; t<theTitles[theTag].length; t++)
theList.options[i++]=new Option(indent+indent+theTitles[theTag][t],theTitles[theTag][t],false,false);
}
break;
}
theList.selectedIndex=selectedIndex; // select current control item
}
//}}}
// // list filtering
//{{{
function getFilterDate(val,id)
{
var result=0;
switch (val) {
case 'site':
var timestamp=store.getTiddlerText("SiteDate");
if (!timestamp) timestamp=document.lastModified;
result=new Date(timestamp);
break;
case 'file':
result=new Date(document.lastModified);
break;
case 'other':
result=new Date(document.getElementById(id).value);
break;
default: // today=0, yesterday=1, one week=7, two weeks=14, a month=31
var now=new Date(); var tz=now.getTimezoneOffset()*60000; now-=tz;
var oneday=86400000;
if (id=='exportStartDate')
result=new Date((Math.floor(now/oneday)-val)*oneday+tz);
else
result=new Date((Math.floor(now/oneday)-val+1)*oneday+tz-1);
break;
}
// DEBUG alert('getFilterDate('+val+','+id+')=='+result+"\nnow="+now);
return result;
}
function filterExportList()
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList"); if (!theList) return -1;
var filterStart=document.getElementById("exportFilterStart").checked;
var val=document.getElementById("exportFilterStartBy").value;
var startDate=getFilterDate(val,'exportStartDate');
var filterEnd=document.getElementById("exportFilterEnd").checked;
var val=document.getElementById("exportFilterEndBy").value;
var endDate=getFilterDate(val,'exportEndDate');
var filterTags=document.getElementById("exportFilterTags").checked;
var tags=document.getElementById("exportTags").value;
var filterText=document.getElementById("exportFilterText").checked;
var text=document.getElementById("exportText").value;
if (!(filterStart||filterEnd||filterTags||filterText)) {
alert("Please set the selection filter");
document.getElementById('exportFilterPanel').style.display="block";
return -1;
}
if (filterStart&&filterEnd&&(startDate>endDate)) {
var msg="starting date/time:\n"
msg+=startDate.toLocaleString()+"\n";
msg+="is later than ending date/time:\n"
msg+=endDate.toLocaleString()
alert(msg);
return -1;
}
// scan list and select tiddlers that match all applicable criteria
var total=0;
var count=0;
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++) {
// get item, skip non-tiddler list items (section headings)
var opt=theList.options[i]; if (opt.value=="") continue;
// get tiddler, skip missing tiddlers (this should NOT happen)
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(opt.value); if (!tiddler) continue;
var sel=true;
if ( (filterStart && tiddler.modified<startDate)
|| (filterEnd && tiddler.modified>endDate)
|| (filterTags && !matchTags(tiddler,tags))
|| (filterText && (tiddler.text.indexOf(text)==-1) && (tiddler.title.indexOf(text)==-1)))
sel=false;
opt.selected=sel;
count+=sel?1:0;
total++;
}
return count;
}
//}}}
//{{{
function matchTags(tiddler,cond)
{
if (!cond||!cond.trim().length) return false;
// build a regex of all tags as a big-old regex that
// OR's the tags together (tag1|tag2|tag3...) in length order
var tgs = store.getTags();
if ( tgs.length == 0 ) return results ;
var tags = tgs.sort( function(a,b){return (a[0].length<b[0].length)-(a[0].length>b[0].length);});
var exp = "(" + tags.join("|") + ")" ;
exp = exp.replace( /(,[\d]+)/g, "" ) ;
var regex = new RegExp( exp, "ig" );
// build a string such that an expression that looks like this: tag1 AND tag2 OR NOT tag3
// turns into : /tag1/.test(...) && /tag2/.test(...) || ! /tag2/.test(...)
cond = cond.replace( regex, "/$1\\|/.test(tiddlerTags)" );
cond = cond.replace( /\sand\s/ig, " && " ) ;
cond = cond.replace( /\sor\s/ig, " || " ) ;
cond = cond.replace( /\s?not\s/ig, " ! " ) ;
// if a boolean uses a tag that doesn't exist - it will get left alone
// (we only turn existing tags into actual tests).
// replace anything that wasn't found as a tag, AND, OR, or NOT with the string "false"
// if the tag doesn't exist then /tag/.test(...) will always return false.
cond = cond.replace( /(\s|^)+[^\/\|&!][^\s]*/g, "false" ) ;
// make a string of the tags in the tiddler and eval the 'cond' string against that string
// if it's TRUE then the tiddler qualifies!
var tiddlerTags = (tiddler.tags?tiddler.tags.join("|"):"")+"|" ;
try { if ( eval( cond ) ) return true; }
catch( e ) { displayMessage("Error in tag filter '" + e + "'" ); }
return false;
}
//}}}
// // output data formatting
// // exportHeader(format)
//{{{
function exportHeader(format)
{
switch (format) {
case "TW": return exportTWHeader();
case "DIV": return exportDIVHeader();
case "XML": return exportXMLHeader();
}
}
//}}}
// // exportFooter(format)
//{{{
function exportFooter(format)
{
switch (format) {
case "TW": return exportDIVFooter();
case "DIV": return exportDIVFooter();
case "XML": return exportXMLFooter();
}
}
//}}}
// // exportTWHeader()
//{{{
function exportTWHeader()
{
// Get the URL of the document
var originalPath = document.location.href;
// Check we were loaded from a file URL
if(originalPath.substr(0,5) != "file:")
{ alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError); return; }
// Remove any location part of the URL
var hashPos = originalPath.indexOf("#"); if(hashPos != -1) originalPath = originalPath.substr(0,hashPos);
// Convert to a native file format assuming
// "file:///x:/path/path/path..." - pc local file --> "x:\path\path\path..."
// "file://///server/share/path/path/path..." - FireFox pc network file --> "\\server\share\path\path\path..."
// "file:///path/path/path..." - mac/unix local file --> "/path/path/path..."
// "file://server/share/path/path/path..." - pc network file --> "\\server\share\path\path\path..."
var localPath;
if(originalPath.charAt(9) == ":") // pc local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(8)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file://///") == 0) // FireFox pc network file
localPath = "\\\\" + unescape(originalPath.substr(10)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file:///") == 0) // mac/unix local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(7));
else if(originalPath.indexOf("file:/") == 0) // mac/unix local file
localPath = unescape(originalPath.substr(5));
else // pc network file
localPath = "\\\\" + unescape(originalPath.substr(7)).replace(new RegExp("/","g"),"\\");
// Load the original file
var original = loadFile(localPath);
if(original == null)
{ alert(config.messages.cantSaveError); return; }
// reset existing HTML source markup
original=updateMarkupBlock(original,"PRE-HEAD");
original=updateMarkupBlock(original,"POST-HEAD");
original=updateMarkupBlock(original,"PRE-BODY");
original=updateMarkupBlock(original,"POST-BODY");
// Locate the storeArea div's
var posOpeningDiv = original.indexOf(startSaveArea);
var posClosingDiv = original.lastIndexOf(endSaveArea);
if((posOpeningDiv == -1) || (posClosingDiv == -1))
{ alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([localPath])); return; }
return original.substr(0,posOpeningDiv+startSaveArea.length)
}
//}}}
// // exportDIVHeader()
//{{{
function exportDIVHeader()
{
var out=[];
var now = new Date();
var title = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode());
var subtitle = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode());
var user = convertUnicodeToUTF8(config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode());
var twver = version.major+"."+version.minor+"."+version.revision;
var pver = version.extensions.exportTiddlers.major+"."
+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.minor+"."+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.revision;
out.push("<html><body>");
out.push("<style type=\"text/css\">");
out.push("#storeArea {display:block;margin:1em;}");
out.push("#storeArea div");
out.push("{padding:0.5em;margin:1em;border:2px solid black;height:10em;overflow:auto;}");
out.push("#javascriptWarning");
out.push("{width:100%;text-align:left;background-color:#eeeeee;padding:1em;}");
out.push("</style>");
out.push("<div id=\"javascriptWarning\">");
out.push("TiddlyWiki export file<br>");
out.push("Source"+": <b>"+convertUnicodeToUTF8(document.location.href)+"</b><br>");
out.push("Title: <b>"+title+"</b><br>");
out.push("Subtitle: <b>"+subtitle+"</b><br>");
out.push("Created: <b>"+now.toLocaleString()+"</b> by <b>"+user+"</b><br>");
out.push("TiddlyWiki "+twver+" / "+"ExportTiddlersPlugin "+pver+"<br>");
out.push("Notes:<hr><pre>"+document.getElementById("exportNotes").value.replace(regexpNewLine,"<br>")+"</pre>");
out.push("</div>");
out.push("<div id=\"storeArea\">");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportDIVFooter()
//{{{
function exportDIVFooter()
{
var out=[];
out.push("</div><!--POST-BODY-START-->\n<!--POST-BODY-END--></body></html>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportXMLHeader()
//{{{
function exportXMLHeader()
{
var out=[];
var now = new Date();
var u = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl",null);
var title = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode());
var subtitle = convertUnicodeToUTF8(wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode());
var user = convertUnicodeToUTF8(config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode());
var twver = version.major+"."+version.minor+"."+version.revision;
var pver = version.extensions.exportTiddlers.major+"."
+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.minor+"."+version.extensions.exportTiddlers.revision;
out.push("<" + "?xml version=\"1.0\"?" + ">");
out.push("<rss version=\"2.0\">");
out.push("<channel>");
out.push("<title>" + title + "</title>");
if(u) out.push("<link>" + convertUnicodeToUTF8(u.htmlEncode()) + "</link>");
out.push("<description>" + subtitle + "</description>");
out.push("<language>en-us</language>");
out.push("<copyright>Copyright " + now.getFullYear() + " " + user + "</copyright>");
out.push("<pubDate>" + now.toGMTString() + "</pubDate>");
out.push("<lastBuildDate>" + now.toGMTString() + "</lastBuildDate>");
out.push("<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>");
out.push("<generator>TiddlyWiki "+twver+" plus ExportTiddlersPlugin "+pver+"</generator>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportXMLFooter()
//{{{
function exportXMLFooter()
{
var out=[];
out.push("</channel></rss>");
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportData()
//{{{
function exportData(theList,theFormat)
{
// scan export listbox and collect DIVs or XML for selected tiddler content
var out=[];
for (var i=0; i<theList.options.length; i++) {
// get item, skip non-selected items and section headings
var opt=theList.options[i]; if (!opt.selected||(opt.value=="")) continue;
// get tiddler, skip missing tiddlers (this should NOT happen)
var thisTiddler=store.getTiddler(opt.value); if (!thisTiddler) continue;
if (theFormat=="TW") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.saveToDiv()));
if (theFormat=="DIV") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.title+"\n"+thisTiddler.saveToDiv()));
if (theFormat=="XML") out.push(convertUnicodeToUTF8(thisTiddler.saveToRss(store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl",""))));
}
return out;
}
//}}}
// // exportTiddlers(): output selected data to local or server
//{{{
function exportTiddlers()
{
var theList = document.getElementById("exportList"); if (!theList) return;
// get the export settings
var theProtocol = document.getElementById("exportTo").value;
var theFormat = document.getElementById("exportFormat").value;
// assemble output: header + tiddlers + footer
var theData=exportData(theList,theFormat);
var count=theData.length;
var out=[]; var txt=out.concat(exportHeader(theFormat),theData,exportFooter(theFormat)).join("\n");
var msg="";
switch (theProtocol) {
case "file:":
var theTarget = document.getElementById("exportFilename").value.trim();
if (!theTarget.length) msg = "A local path/filename is required\n";
if (!msg && saveFile(theTarget,txt))
msg=count+" tiddler"+((count!=1)?"s":"")+" exported to local file";
else if (!msg)
msg+="An error occurred while saving to "+theTarget;
break;
case "http:":
case "https:":
var theTarget = document.getElementById("exportHTTPServerURL").value.trim();
if (!theTarget.length) msg = "A server URL is required\n";
if (document.getElementById('exportNotify').checked)
theTarget+="¬ify="+encodeURIComponent(document.getElementById('exportNotifyTo').value);
if (document.getElementById('exportNotes').value.trim().length)
theTarget+="¬es="+encodeURIComponent(document.getElementById('exportNotes').value);
if (!msg && exportPost(theTarget+encodeURIComponent(txt)))
msg=count+" tiddler"+((count!=1)?"s":"")+" exported to "+theProtocol+" server";
else if (!msg)
msg+="An error occurred while saving to "+theTarget;
break;
case "ftp:":
default:
msg="Sorry, export to "+theLocation+" is not yet available";
break;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(msg,theTarget);
}
//}}}
// // exportPost(url): cross-domain post uses hidden iframe to submit url and capture responses
//{{{
function exportPost(url)
{
var f=document.getElementById("exportFrame"); if (f) document.body.removeChild(f);
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Like most wikis, TiddlyWiki supports a range of simplified character formatting:
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| __Underline__ | {{{__Underline__}}} (that's two underline characters) |
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<<<
The highlight can also accept CSS syntax to directly style the text:
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<<<
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Faye C. Feller has had a lifelong involvement with multi-cultural arts and education programs for children and youth. She is currently Executive Director of the National Association of Women for the Arts, and serves as ~Co-Chair of the [[NGO Committee on Education]] at the United Nations and as a U.N. Representative for [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]], an NGO in Special Consultative Status with ECOSOC that has focused on the transformative opportunities of the Internet revolution.
Faye’s work with the NGO Committee on Education is focused on a major initiative in support of the UN Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and ~Non-Violence for the Children of the World, the Decade of Action: Water for Life and the Second Decade of the World’s Indigenous People.
Faye developed a prototype Science Seekers program as an after-school program for Middle School students at the Rotary Learning Lab in East Harlem; she has worked with student-led initiatives Peace in Public Places and Pumped up for Peace, which is featured on the U.N.'s Cyberschoolbus web site. Faye has served on the New York City Task Force for the ~Gandhi-King Season of Nonviolence.
''~FeedBlitz'' - [[www.feedblitz.com/|http://www.feedblitz.com/]] - is a powerful two-way broadcasting tool that you can use in conjunction with [[RSS feeds]] to publish a set of newsletters to which readers are able to subscribe, either - or both - of two ways: via an email subscription - [img[http://www.feedblitz.com/images/email.gif]], or through an [[RSS feed|RSS feeds]] - [img[http://www.feedblitz.com/images/rss.gif]]. ''~FeedBlitz'' offers free publishing services, in which advertisements are included, as well as ad-free premium services.
[img[fig-03.jpg]] +++
''Figure 3''.
## Global annual emissions of anthropogenic ~GHGs from 1970 to 2004.^^5^^
## Share of different anthropogenic ~GHGs in total emissions in 2004 in terms of CO~~2~~-eq.
## Share of different sectors in total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004 in terms of CO~~2~~-eq. (Forestry includes deforestation). {Figure 2.1}
''Note''
5. Includes only CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~, N~~2~~O, ~HFCs, ~PFCs and SF~~6~~ whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC. These ~GHGs are weighted by their 100-year Global Warming Potentials, using values consistent with reporting under the UNFCCC.
===
[img[fig-01.jpg]]
''Figure 1'': Observed changes in
## global average surface temperature;
## global average sea level from tide gauge (blue) and satellite (red) data and
## Northern Hemisphere snow cover for ~March-April.
* All differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from a comprehensive analysis of known uncertainties (a and b) and from the time series (c). {Figure 1.1}
[img[fig-01.jpg]]
''Figure 1.1'': Observed changes in
## global average surface temperature;
## global average sea level from tide gauge (blue) and satellite (red) data and
## Northern Hemisphere snow cover for ~March-April.
* All differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from a comprehensive analysis of known uncertainties (a and b) and from the time series (c). {Figure 1.1}
[img[fig-01a-600.jpg]]
> ''Figure 1.1a'' +++
<<<
Observed changes in global average surface temperature
* Differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from a comprehensive analysis of known uncertainties { {WGI FAQ 3.1 Figure 1, Figure 4.2 and Figure 5.13, Figure SPM.3}
<<<
===
[img[fig-01b-600.jpg]]
> ''Figure 1.1b'' +++
<<<
Observed changes in global average sea level from tide gauge (blue) and satellite (red) data
* Differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from a comprehensive analysis of known uncertainties {WGI FAQ 3.1 Figure 1, Figure 4.2 and Figure 5.13, Figure SPM.3}
<<<
===
[img[fig-01c-600.jpg]]
> ''Figure 1.1c'' +++
<<<
Observed changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover for ~March-April.
* All differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from the time series. {WGI FAQ 3.1 Figure 1, Figure 4.2 and Figure 5.13, Figure SPM.3}
<<<
===
[img[fig-02.jpg]]
<<<
''Temperature change °C, 1970-2004''
[img[fig-02-legend.jpg]]
''Observations''
> [img[Physical systems - green circle|http://www.climate-change-two.net/blue-circle-12x12.png]] Physical systems (cryosphere, hydrology, coastal processes)
> [img[Biological systems - green circle|http://www.climate-change-two.net/green-circle-12x12.png]] Biological systems (marine, freshwater and terrestrial)
''Observed Changes'' +++
> <<tiddler "Figure 2. Notes">>
===
''Figure 1.2''. Locations of significant changes in data series of physical systems (snow, ice and frozen ground; hydrology; and coastal processes) and biological systems (terrestrial, marine, and freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 1970-2004. +++
<<<
A subset of about 29,000 data series was selected from about 80,000 data series from 577 studies. These met the following criteria:
# ending in 1990 or later;
# spanning a period of at least 20 years; and
# showing a significant change in either direction, as assessed in individual studies.
These data series are from about 75 studies (of which about 70 are new since the Third Assessment) and contain about 29,000 data series, of which about 28,000 are from European studies. White areas do not contain sufficient observational climate data to estimate a temperature trend.
The table shows the total number of data series with significant changes (top row) and the percentage of those consistent with warming (bottom row) for
### continental regions: North America (NAM), Latin America (LA), Europe (EUR), Africa (AFR), Asia (AS), Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), and Polar Regions (PR) and
### global-scale: Terrestrial (TER), Marine and Freshwater (MFW), and Global (GLO).
The numbers of studies from the seven regional boxes (NAM, EUR, AFR, AS, ANZ, PR) do not add up to the global (GLO) totals because numbers from regions except Polar do not include the numbers related to Marine and Freshwater (MFW) systems. Locations of large-area marine changes are not shown on the map. {Figure 1.2}
<<<
===
''Commentary'' +++
<<<
It would appear that Figure 1.22 needs to be corrected for its failure to indicate rising temperatures for both Polar Regions; See the comparison below with [[Figure 6. Geographical pattern of surface warming]] that clearly shows the Arctic with the highest projected temperature increases of all regions. Note that the adoption of a consistent colour scale for temperature changes would make the comparison much clearer.
>>> [img[fig-02-tn.jpg]] [img[fig-06-tn.jpg]]
===
[img[fig-10.jpg]]
<<<
[img[blue-0.jpg]] ~Non-OECD / Economies in Transition
[img[blue-1.jpg]] Economies in Transition
[img[blue-2.jpg]] OECD
[img[blue-3.jpg]] World total
<<<
''Figure 10''. Estimated economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 from bottom-up studies, compared to the respective baselines assumed in the sector assessments. The potentials do not include non-technical options such as lifestyle changes. {Figure 4.1}
''Notes'': +++
## The ranges for global economic potentials as assessed in each sector are shown by vertical lines. The ranges are based on end-use allocations of emissions, meaning that emissions of electricity use are counted towards the end-use sectors and not to the energy supply sector.
## The estimated potentials have been constrained by the availability of studies particularly at high carbon price levels.
## Sectors used different baselines. For industry the SRES B2 baseline was taken, for energy supply and transport the WEO 2004 baseline was used; the building sector is based on a baseline in between SRES B2 and ~A1B; for waste, SRES ~A1B driving forces were used to construct a waste specific baseline; agriculture and forestry used baselines that mostly used B2 driving forces.
## Only global totals for transport are shown because international aviation is included.
## Categories excluded are: non-CO~~2~~ emissions in buildings and transport, part of material efficiency options, heat production and cogeneration in energy supply, heavy duty vehicles, shipping and high-occupancy passenger transport, most high-cost options for buildings, wastewater treatment, emission reduction from coal mines and gas pipelines, fluorinated gases from energy supply and transport. The underestimation of the total economic potential from these emissions is of the order of 10-15%.
===
[img[fig-11.jpg]]
''Figure 11''. Global CO~~2~~ emissions for 1940 to 2000 and emissions ranges for categories of stabilisation scenarios from 2000 to 2100 (left-hand panel); and the corresponding relationship between the stabilisation target and the likely equilibrium global average temperature increase above pre-industrial (right-hand panel). Approaching equilibrium can take several centuries, especially for scenarios with higher levels of stabilisation. Coloured shadings show stabilisation scenarios grouped according to different targets (stabilisation category I to VI). Right-hand panel shows ranges of global average temperature change above pre-industrial, using (i) “best estimate” climate sensitivity of 3°C (black line in middle of shaded area), (ii) upper bound of likely range of climate sensitivity of 4.5°C (red line at top of shaded area) (iii) lower bound of likely range of climate sensitivity of 2°C (blue line at bottom of shaded area). Black dashed lines in the left panel give the emissions range of recent baseline scenarios published since the SRES (2000). Emissions ranges of the stabilisation scenarios comprise CO~~2~~-only and multigas scenarios and correspond to the 10th-90th percentile of the full scenario distribution. Note: CO~~2~~ emissions in most models do not include emissions from decay of above ground biomass that remains after logging and deforestation, and from peat fires and drained peat soils. {Figure 5.1}
[img[fig-11b-400.jpg]]
<<<
|>|>| ''Stabilization scenarios'' |
|[img[f11-l6.jpg]] | ''VI'' |855-1130 ppm CO~~2~~-eq |
|[img[f11-l5.jpg]] | ''V'' |710-855 ppm CO~~2~~-eq |
|[img[f11-l4.jpg]] | ''IV'' |590-710 ppm CO~~2~~-eq |
|[img[f11-l3.jpg]] | ''III'' |535-590 ppm CO~~2~~-eq |
|[img[f11-l2.jpg]] | ''II'' |490-535 ppm CO~~2~~-eq |
|[img[f11-l1.jpg]] | ''I'' |445-490 ppm CO~~2~~-eq |
<<<
''Figure 11''. Global CO~~2~~ emissions for 1940 to 2000 and emissions ranges for categories of stabilisation scenarios from 2000 to 2100. Approaching equilibrium can take several centuries, especially for scenarios with higher levels of stabilisation. Coloured shadings show stabilisation scenarios grouped according to different targets (stabilisation category I to VI). Black dashed lines in the left panel give the emissions range of recent baseline scenarios published since the SRES (2000). Emissions ranges of the stabilisation scenarios comprise CO~~2~~-only and multigas scenarios and correspond to the 10th-90th percentile of the full scenario distribution. Note: CO~~2~~ emissions in most models do not include emissions from decay of above ground biomass that remains after logging and deforestation, and from peat fires and drained peat soils. {Figure 5.1}
[img[fig-01a-600.jpg]]
> ''Notes'' +++
<<<
''Figure 1a''. Observed changes in global average surface temperature
* Differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from a comprehensive analysis of known uncertainties {Figure 1.1}
<<<
===
[img[fig-01b-600.jpg]]
> ''Notes'' +++
<<<
''Figure 1b.'': Observed changes in global average sea level from tide gauge (blue) and satellite (red) data
* Differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from a comprehensive analysis of known uncertainties {Figure 1.1}
<<<
===
[img[fig-01c-600.jpg]]
> ''Notes'' +++
<<<
''Figure 1c''. Observed changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover for ~March-April.
* All differences are relative to corresponding averages for the period 1961-1990.
* Smoothed curves represent decadal averaged values while circles show yearly values.
* The shaded areas are the uncertainty intervals estimated from the time series. {Figure 1.1}
<<<
===
[img[fig-02.jpg]]
<<<
''Temperature change °C, 1970-2004''
[img[fig-02-legend.jpg]]
''Observations''
> [img[Physical systems - green circle|http://www.climate-change-two.net/blue-circle-12x12.png]] Physical systems (cryosphere, hydrology, coastal processes)
> [img[Biological systems - green circle|http://www.climate-change-two.net/green-circle-12x12.png]] Biological systems (marine, freshwater and terrestial)
''Observed Changes'' +++
> <<tiddler "Figure 2. Notes">>
===
''Figure 2''. Locations of significant changes in data series of physical systems (snow, ice and frozen ground; hydrology; and coastal processes) and biological systems (terrestrial, marine, and freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 1970-2004. +++
<<<
A subset of about 29,000 data series was selected from about 80,000 data series from 577 studies. These met the following criteria:
# ending in 1990 or later;
# spanning a period of at least 20 years; and
# showing a significant change in either direction, as assessed in individual studies.
These data series are from about 75 studies (of which about 70 are new since the Third Assessment) and contain about 29,000 data series, of which about 28,000 are from European studies. White areas do not contain sufficient observational climate data to estimate a temperature trend.
The table shows the total number of data series with significant changes (top row) and the percentage of those consistent with warming (bottom row) for
### continental regions: North America (NAM), Latin America (LA), Europe (EUR), Africa (AFR), Asia (AS), Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), and Polar Regions (PR) and
### global-scale: Terrestrial (TER), Marine and Freshwater (MFW), and Global (GLO).
The numbers of studies from the seven regional boxes (NAM, EUR, AFR, AS, ANZ, PR) do not add up to the global (GLO) totals because numbers from regions except Polar do not include the numbers related to Marine and Freshwater (MFW) systems. Locations of large-area marine changes are not shown on the map. {Figure 1.2}
<<<
===
''Commentary'' +++
<<<
It would appear that Figure 2 needs to be corrected for its failure to indicate rising temperatures for both Polar Regions; See the comparison below with [[Figure 6. Geographical pattern of surface warming]] that clearly shows the Arctic with the highest projected temperature increases of all regions. Note that the adoption of a consistent colour scale for temperature changes would make the comparison much clearer.
>>> [img[fig-02-tn.jpg]] [img[fig-06-tn.jpg]]
===
{{clear{
|||>| ''Physical'' |>| ''Biological'' |
||| # of significant<br>observed changes | % consistent<br>with warming | # of significant<br>observed changes | % consistent<br>with warming |
|>|''Continental regions'' |>|>|>| |
| |North America | 355| 94%| 455| 92%|
||Latin America | 53| 98%| 5| 100%|
||Europe | 119| 94%| 28,115| 89%|
||Africa | 5| 100%| 2| 100%|
||Asia | 106| 96%| 8| 100%|
||Australia & New Zealand | 6| 100%| 0| -|
||Polar Regions ^^* +++ Polar regions include also changes in marine and freshwater biological systems === ^^ | 120| 91%| 24| 100%|
|>|''Global scale'' |>|>|>| |
||Terrestrial | 764| 94%| 28,568| 90%|
||Marine & Freshwater ^^** +++ Marine and freshwater include sites and large areas in oceans, small islands and continents === ^^| 1| 100%| 85| 99%|
||Global | 765| 94%| 28,671| 90%|
}}}
[img[fig-03.jpg]]
<<<
''Figure 3''.
## Global annual emissions of anthropogenic ~GHGs from 1970 to 2004.^^5 +++
> 5. Includes only CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~, N~~2~~O, ~HFCs, ~PFCs and ~SF6 whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC. These ~GHGs are weighted by their 100-year Global Warming Potentials, using values consistent with reporting under the UNFCCC.
=== ^^
## Share of different anthropogenic ~GHGs in total emissions in 2004 in terms of CO~~2~~-eq.
## Share of different sectors in total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004 in terms of CO~~2~~-eq. (Forestry includes deforestation). {Figure 2.1}
<<<
[img[fig-04.jpg]]
<<<
[img[blue-grey.jpg]] Models using only natural forcing
[img[pink.jpg]] Models using both natural and anthropogenic forcing
[img[black.jpg]] Observations
''Figure 4''. Comparison of observed continental- and global-scale changes in surface temperature with results simulated by climate models using either natural or both natural and anthropogenic forcings.
* Decadal averages of observations are shown for the period 1906-2005 (black line) plotted against the centre of the decade and relative to the corresponding average for the period 1901-1950. Lines are dashed where spatial coverage is less than 50%.
* Blue shaded bands show the 5-95% range for 19 simulations from 5 climate models using only the natural forcings due to solar activity and volcanoes.
* Red shaded bands show the 5-95% range for 58 simulations from 14 climate models using both natural and anthropogenic forcings. {Figure 2.5}
<<<
> ''Commentary'': +++
> This figure fails to show and compare projected and observed changes for either of the [[Polar Regions]]. This omission is of critical significance, given that [[Figure 6. Geographical pattern of surface warming]] (below) makes it clear that the Arctic Region shows the highest rates of projected warming.
>> [img[fig-06-tn.jpg]]
===
[img[fig-05.jpg]]
''Figure 5''.
* ''Left Panel'': Global GHG emissions (in CO~~2~~-eq) in the absence of climate policies: six illustrative SRES marker scenarios (coloured lines) and the 80th percentile range of recent scenarios published since SRES (post-SRES) (gray shaded area). Dashed lines show the full range of post-SRES scenarios. The emissions cover CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~, N~~2~~O, and F-gases.
* ''Right Panel'': Solid lines are multi-model global averages of surface warming for scenarios A2, ~A1B and B1, shown as continuations of the 20th century simulations. These projections also take into account emissions of short-lived ~GHGs and aerosols. The pink line is not a scenario, but is for AOGCM simulations where atmospheric concentrations are held constant at year 2000 values. The bars at the right of the figure indicate the best estimate (solid line within each bar) and the likely range assessed for the six SRES marker scenarios at 2090-2099. All temperatures are relative to the period 1980-1999. {Figure 3.1, Figure 3.2}
<html>
<table align="center" border="0" cellpadding="2">
<tr valign="top">
<td align="center">
<b>Global and continental temperature change</b>
<br>
<img src="fig-06-300.jpg">
</td>
<td align="center">
<b>Earth Atlas</b>
<br>
<img src="earthatlas-300.jpg">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</html>
A visual comparison of the temperature changes with the Earthatlas shows clear evidence that critical omissions; particularly the Report's failure to recognize the imminence of the danger of the combination of
* ''rapidly-warming/melting cryosphere'' - ice caps, ice sheets, snow caps, glaciers and permafrost , the vast but shrinking bodies of freshwater that serve as the primary cooling mechanism for the planet, and that were prominent among the [[Tipping points|Confronting Climate Change: Tipping Points]] identified by the [[Confronting Climate Change]] report of Sigma Xi,
** ''highest increases in the Arctic region'', with accelerating impact due to the decreased surface "albedo" as reflective ice is replaced by the absorptive darkness of the Arctic Ocean
* ''higher-than-average increases in desert areas'', e.g. especially the vast ''~Afro-Asian'' band of deserts stretching from West Africa through Mongolia and Northern China|
[img[fig-06.jpg]]
''Figure 6''. Projected surface temperature changes for the late 21st century (2090-2099). The map shows the multi-AOGCM average projection for the ~A1B SRES scenario. All temperatures are relative to the period 1980-1999. {Figure 3.2}
> ''Commentary / comparison with Blue Marble photo'' +++
<<tiddler "Figure 6 bis: Global and continental temperature change & Earth Atlas">>
===
[>img[fig-07a.jpg]]
''Figure 7a description'' +++
<<<
Illustrative examples of global impacts projected for climate changes (and sea level and atmospheric CO^^2^^ where relevant) associated with different amounts of increase in global average surface temperature in the 21st century'.
* The black lines link impacts; broken-line arrows indicate impacts continuing with increasing temperature.
* Entries are placed so that the left hand side of text indicates the approximate level of warming that is associated with the onset of a given impact.
* Quantitative entries for water scarcity and flooding represent the additional impacts of climate change relative to the conditions projected across the range of SRES scenarios A1FI, A2, B1 and B2.
* Adaptation to climate change is not included in these estimations.
* Confidence levels for all statements are high.
<<<
===
@@clear(left):clear(right):display(block):@@
[>img[fig-07b.jpg]]
> ''Figure 7b description'' +++
<<<
Dots and bars indicate the best estimate and likely ranges of warming assessed for the six SRES marker scenarios for 2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999. {Figure 3.5}
<<<
===
@@clear(left):clear(right):display(block):@@
''Note'' +++
> This alternate representation of Figure 7 is still under development and is intended to present a clearer visual representation of the projected impacts than the original figure.
===
@@font-size:150%;[>img[07a1-320x24.jpg]][[Water|Figure 7a.1 Examples of impacts: Water]]@@@@clear(left):clear(right):display(block):@@
<<tiddler "Figure 7a.1 Examples of impacts: Water">>
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{{clear{
|@@font-size:125%;'''Water''@@ | ''*'' |>|>|Increased water availability in moist tropics and high latitudes |[img[07a1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Decreasing water availability and increasing drought in mid-latitudes and semi-arid low latitudes |[img[07a1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Hundreds of millions of people exposed to increased water stress |[img[07a1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|@@font-size:125%;''Ecosystems''@@ | ''*'' |>|>|Up to 30% of species at increased risk of extinction |[img[07a2a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|| ''**'' |>|Significant extinctions around the globe |[img[07a2a1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Increased coral bleaching |[img[07a2b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|| ''**'' |>|Most corals bleached |[img[07a2b1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~||| ''***'' |Widespread coral mortality|[img[07a2b1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Terrestrial biosphere tends towards a net carbon source as ~15%|[img[07a2c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|| ''**'' |>|~40% of ecosystems affected|[img[07a2c1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Increased species range shifts and wildfire risk|[img[07a2d-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Ecosystem changes due to weakening of the meridional overturning circulation|[img[07a2e-320x12.jpg]] |
|@@font-size:125%;''Food''@@| ''*'' |>|>|Complex localised negative impacts on smallholders, subsistence farmers and fishers |[img[07a3a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Tendencies for cereal productivity to decrease in low latitudes |[img[07a3b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| | ''**'' |>|Productivity of all cereal decreases in low latitudes |[img[07a3b1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Tendencies for some cereal productivity to increase in mid-to-high latitudes |[img[07a3c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| | ''**'' |>|Cereal productivity to decrease in some regions |[img[07a3c1-320x12.jpg]] |
|@@font-size:125%;''Coasts''@@ | ''*'' |>|>|Increased damage from floods and storms |[img[07a4a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|About 30% of global coastal wetlands lost |[img[07a4b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Millions of people could experience coastal flooding each year |[img[07a4c-320x12.jpg]] |
|@@font-size:125%;''Health''@@ | ''*'' |>|>|Increased burden from malnutrition, diarrhoel, cardio-respiratory and infections diseases |[img[07a5a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Increased morbidity and mortality from heat waves, floods and droughts |[img[07a5b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Changed distribution of some disease vectors |[img[07a5c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|>|Substantial burden on health services |[img[07a5d-320x12.jpg]] |
||||||[img[07b-320.jpg]] |
|||||| Temperature increase °C) |
}}}
{{clear{
|@@font-size:125%;Water@@ |[img[072a-320x24.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Increased water availability in moist tropics and high latitudes |[img[07a1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Decreasing water availability and increasing drought in mid-latitudes and semi-arid low latitudes |[img[07a1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Hundreds of millions of people exposed to increased water stress |[img[07a1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|||[img[07b-320.jpg]] |
}}}
{{clear{
|@@font-size:125%;''Ecosystems''@@ |* |>|>|Up to 30% of species at increased risk of extinction |[img[07a2a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|| **|>|Significant extinctions around the globe |[img[07a2a1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|* |>|>|Increased coral bleaching |[img[07a2b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|| **|>|Most corals bleached |[img[07a2b1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~||| ***|Widespread coral mortality|[img[07a2b1a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|* |>|>|Terrestrial biosphere tends towards a net carbon source as ~15%|[img[07a2c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|| **|>|~40% of ecosystems affected|[img[07a2c1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|* |>|>|Increased species range shifts and wildfire risk|[img[07a2d-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|* |>|>|Ecosystem changes due to weakening of the meridional overturning circulation|[img[07a2e-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|||||[img[07b-320.jpg]] |
}}}
{{clear{
|>|>|@@font-size:125%;[[Food|Figure 7a.3 Examples of impacts: Food]] @@|[img[07a3-320x24.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|Complex localised negative impacts on smallholders, subsistence farmers and fishers |[img[07a3a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|Tendencies for cereal productivity to decrease in low latitudes |[img[07a3b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| | ''**'' |Productivity of all cereal decreases in low latitudes |[img[07a3b1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |>|Tendencies for some cereal productivity to increase in mid-to-high latitudes |[img[07a3c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| | ''**'' |Cereal productivity to decrease in some regions |[img[07a3c1-320x12.jpg]] |
|~||||[img[07b-320.jpg]] |
}}}
{{clear{
|>|@@font-size:125%;[[Coasts|Figure 7a.4 Examples of impacts: Coasts]]@@ |[img[07a4-320x24.jpg]] |
| ''*'' |Increased damage from floods and storms |[img[07a4a-320x12.jpg]] |
| ''*'' |About 30% of global coastal wetlands lost |[img[07a4b-320x12.jpg]] |
| ''*'' |Millions of people could experience coastal flooding each year |[img[07a4c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~||[img[07b-320.jpg]] |
}}}
{{clear{
|>|@@font-size:125%;[[Health|Figure 7a.5 Examples of impacts: Health]]@@ |[img[07a5-320x24.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Increased burden from malnutrition, diarrhoel, cardio-respiratory and infections diseases |[img[07a5a-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Increased morbidity and mortality from heat waves, floods and droughts |[img[07a5b-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Changed distribution of some disease vectors |[img[07a5c-320x12.jpg]] |
|~| ''*'' |Substantial burden on health services |[img[07a5d-320x12.jpg]] |
|~|||[img[07b-320.jpg]] |
}}}
[img[fig-07b.jpg]]
> Dots and bars indicate the best estimate and likely ranges of warming assessed for the six SRES marker scenarios for 2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999. {Figure 3.5}
{{clear{
|[img[fig-08.jpg]]|
| ''Global average temperature change relative to 1980-1999'' |
}}}
''Figure 8''. Estimated long term (multi-century) warming corresponding to the six AR4 WGIII stabilisation categories (Table 3). Temperature scale has been shifted by -0.5°C compared to Table 3 to account approximately for the warming between pre-industrial and 1980-1999. For most stabilisation levels global average temperature is approaching the equilibrium level over a few centuries. For GHG emission scenarios that lead to stabilisation by 2100 at levels comparable to SRES B1 and A1B (600 and 850 CO2-eq. ppm; category IV and V) assessed models project that about 65-70% of the estimated global equilibrium temperature increase assuming a climate sensitivity of 3°C would be realised at the time of stabilisation (WGI 10.7.2). For the much lower stabilisation scenarios (category I and II), the equilibrium temperature may be reached earlier (Figure 11).
[img[fig-09.jpg]]
''Figure 9''. Global economic mitigation potential in 2030 estimated from bottom-up (Panel a) and top-down (Panel b) studies, compared with the projected emission increases from SRES scenarios relative to 2000 GHG emissions of 40.8 ~GtCO~~2~~-eq (Panel c). Note: GHG emissions in 2000 are exclusive of emissions of decay of above ground biomass that remains after logging and deforestation and from peat fires and drained peat soils, to ensure consistency with the SRES emission results.
[img[http://www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-wg2-spm/wg2-fig-spm-1-600x305.png]]
Locations of significant changes in observations of physical systems (snow, ice and frozen ground; hydrology; and coastal processes) and biological systems (terrestrial, marine, and freshwater biological systems), are shown together with surface air temperature changes over the period 1970-2004. A subset of about 29,000 data series was selected from about 80,000 data series from 577 studies. These met the following criteria: (1) Ending in 1990 or later; (2) spanning a period of at least 20 years; and (3) showing a significant change in either direction, as assessed in individual studies. These data series are from about 75 studies (of which ~70 are new since the Third Assessment) and contain about 29,000 data series, of which about 28,000 are from European studies. White areas do not contain sufficient observational climate data to estimate a temperature trend. The 2 x 2 boxes show the total number of data series with significant changes (top row) and the percentage of those consistent with warming (bottom row) for (i) continental regions: North America (NAM), Latin America (LA), Europe (EUR), Africa (AFR), Asia (AS), Australia and New Zealand (ANZ), and Polar Regions (PR) and (ii) global-scale: Terrestrial (TER), Marine and Freshwater (MFW), and Global (GLO). The numbers of studies from the seven regional boxes (NAM, …, PR) do not add up to the global (GLO) totals because numbers from regions except Polar do not include the numbers related to Marine and Freshwater (MFR) systems. [F1.8, F1.9; Working Group I Fourth Assessment F3.9b]
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''Source''+++
<<<
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<<<
===
{{clear{
| WMO | INTERGOVERNMENTAL PANEL ON CLIMATE CHANGE | UNEP |
|| July 2005 ||
|>|>| ''Guidance Notes for Lead Authors of the<br>IPCC Fourth Assessment Report on Addressing Uncertainties'' |
}}}
The following notes are intended to assist Lead Authors (~LAs) of the Fourth Assessment Report (~AR4) to deal with uncertainties consistently. They address approaches to developing expert judgments, evaluating uncertainties, and communicating uncertainty and confidence in findings that arise in the context of the assessment process. Where alternative approaches are used in the relevant literature, those should be used but where possible related to the approaches given here. Further background material and more detailed coverage of these issues are available in the guidance paper on uncertainties developed for the Third Assessment Report [1] and the report of an IPCC Workshop on Uncertainty and Risk [2].
The working group reports will assess material from different disciplines and will cover a diversity of approaches to uncertainty, reflecting differences in the underlying literature. In particular, the nature of information, indicators and analyses used in the natural sciences is quite different from that used in the social sciences. WG I focuses on the former, WG III on the latter, and WG II covers both. The purpose of this guidance note is to define common approaches and language that can be used broadly across all three working groups. Each working group may need to supplement these notes with more specific guidance on particular issues consistent with the common approach given here.
''Plan to treat issues of uncertainty and confidence''
1. Consider approaches to uncertainty in your chapter at an early stage. Prioritize issues for analysis. Identify key policy relevant findings as they emerge and give greater attention to assessing uncertainties and confidence in those. Avoid trivializing statements just to increase their confidence.
2. Determine the areas in your chapter where a range of views may need to be described, and those where ~LAs may need to form a collective view on uncertainty or confidence. Agree on a carefully moderated (chaired) and balanced process for doing this.
''Review the information available''
3. Consider all plausible sources of uncertainty using a systematic typology of uncertainty such as the simple one shown in Table 1. Many studies have shown that structural uncertainty, as defined in Table 1, tends to be underestimated by experts [3]. Consider previous estimates of ranges, distributions, or other measures of uncertainty and the extent to which they cover all plausible sources of uncertainty.
''Table 1. A simple typology of uncertainties''
{{clear{
|''Type'' |''Indicative examples of sources'' |''Typical approaches or considerations'' |
|''Unpredictability'' |Projections of human behaviour not easily amenable to prediction (e.g. evolution of political systems). |Use of scenarios spanning a plausible range, clearly stating assumptions, limits considered, and subjective judgments. |
|~|Chaotic components of complex systems. |Ranges from ensembles of model runs. |
|''Structural uncertainty'' |Inadequate models, incomplete or competing conceptual frameworks, lack of agreement on model structure, ambiguous system boundaries or definitions, significant processes or relationships wrongly specified or not considered. |Specify assumptions and system definitions clearly, compare models with observations for a range of conditions, assess maturity of the underlying science and degree to which understanding is based on fundamental concepts tested in other areas. |
|''Value uncertainty'' |Missing, inaccurate or non-representative data, inappropriate spatial or temporal resolution, |Analysis of statistical properties of sets of values (observations, model ensemble results, etc); |
|~|poorly known or changing model parameters. |bootstrap and hierarchical statistical tests;<br>comparison of models with observations. |
}}}
4. Assess issues of risk where supported by published work. Where probabilistic approaches are available, consider ranges of outcomes and their associated likelihoods with attention to outcomes of potential high consequence. An alternative approach is to provide information for decisions that would be robust in the sense of avoiding adverse outcomes for a wide range of future possibilities [4]. (Note that the term “risk” has several different usages. If used it should be defined in context.)
''Make expert judgments''
5. Be prepared to make expert judgments and explain those by providing a traceable account of the steps used to arrive at estimates of uncertainty or confidence for key findings – e.g. an agreed hierarchy of information, standards of evidence applied, approaches to combining or reconciling multiple lines of evidence, and explanation of critical factors.
6. Be aware of a tendency for a group to converge on an expressed view and become overconfident in it [3]. Views and estimates can also become anchored on previous versions or values to a greater extent than is justified. Recognize when individual views are adjusting as a result of group interactions and allow adequate time for such changes in viewpoint to be reviewed.
''Use the appropriate level of precision to describe findings''
7. Assess the current level of understanding on key issues and precede statements on confidence or uncertainty with a general summary of the corresponding state of knowledge. Table 2 below provides a consistent language for this.
8. Develop clear statements for key findings that are quantitative and give explicit time frames as far as possible. Define carefully the corresponding variables or outcomes, their context, and any conditional assumptions. Where scenarios are used, explain the range of assumptions and how they affect the outcome. Then consider the most appropriate way to describe the relevant uncertainties or level of confidence by going as far down the hierarchy given below as you feel appropriate (from expressions of less to more confidence and less to more probabilistic approaches) [5]:
A. Direction of change is ambiguous or the issue assessed is not amenable to prediction: Describe the governing factors, key indicators, and relationships. If a trend could be either positive or negative, explain the pre-conditions or evidence for each.
B. An expected trend or direction can be identified (increase, decrease, no significant change): Explain the basis for this and the extent to which opposite changes would not be expected. Include changes that have a reasonable likelihood even where they are not certain. If you describe a collective level of confidence in words, use the language options in Table 2 or 3.
C. An order of magnitude can be given for the degree of change (i.e. sign and magnitude to within a factor of 10): Explain the basis for estimates given and indicate assumptions made. The order of magnitude should not change for reasonable ranges in such assumptions. If you describe a collective level of confidence in words, use the language options in Table 2 or 3.
D. A range can be given for the change in a variable as upper and lower bounds, or as the 5th and 95th percentiles, based on objective analysis or expert judgment: Explain the basis for the range given, noting factors that determine the outer bounds. If you cannot be confident in the range, use a less precise approach. If you describe a collective level of confidence or likelihood of an outcome in words, use the language options in Tables 3 or 4.
E. A likelihood or probability of occurrence can be determined for an event or for representative outcomes, e.g. based on multiple observations, model ensemble runs, or expert judgment: State any assumptions made and estimate the role of structural uncertainties. Describe likelihoods using the calibrated language given in Table 4 or present them quantitatively.
F. A probability distribution can be determined for changes in a continuous variable either objectively or through use of a formal quantitative survey of expert views: Present the PDF graphically and/or provide the 5th and 95th percentiles of the distribution. Explain the methodology used to produce the PDF, any assumptions made, and estimate the role of structural uncertainties.
''Communicate carefully, using calibrated language''
9. Be aware that the way in which a statement is framed will have an effect on how it is interpreted [6]. (A 10% chance of dying is interpreted more negatively than a 90% chance of surviving.) Use neutral language, avoid value laden statements, consider redundant statements to ensure balance (e.g. chances of dying and of surviving), and express different but comparable risks in a consistent way.
10. To avoid the uncertainty perceived by the reader being different from that intended, use language that minimizes possible misinterpretation and ambiguity. Note that terms such as “virtually certain”, “probable”, or “likely”, can engage the reader effectively, but may be interpreted very differently by different people unless some calibration scale is provided [7].
11. Three forms of language are given in Tables 2, 3 and 4 to describe different aspects of confidence and uncertainty and to provide consistency across the AR4.
12. Table 2 considers both the amount of evidence available in support of findings and the degree of consensus among experts on its interpretation. The terms defined here are intended to be used in a relative sense to summarize judgments of the scientific understanding relevant to an issue, or to express uncertainty in a finding where there is no basis for making more quantitative statements. A finer scale for describing either the amount of evidence (columns) or degree of consensus (rows) may be introduced where appropriate, however, if a mid-range category is used authors should avoid over-using that as a ‘safe’ option that communicates little information to the reader. Where the level of confidence is ‘high agreement much evidence’, or where otherwise appropriate, describe uncertainties using Table 3 or 4.
''Table 2. Qualitatively defined levels of understanding''
{{clear{
| |//High agreement//<br>//limited evidence// |-- |//High agreement//<br>//much evidence// |
|Level of agreement or consensus |//Low agreement//<br>//limited evidence// |-- |//Low agreement//<br>//much evidence// |
||>|>|Amount of evidence (theory, observations, models) |
}}}
13. A level of confidence, as defined in Table 3, can be used to characterize uncertainty that is based on expert judgment as to the correctness of a model, an analysis or a statement. The last two terms in this scale should be reserved for areas of major concern that need to be considered from a risk or opportunity perspective, and the reason for their use should be carefully explained.
''Table 3. Quantitatively calibrated levels of confidence.''
((clear{
|''Terminology'' |''Degree of confidence in being correct'' |
|//Very High confidence// |At least 9 out of 10 chance of being correct |
|//High confidence// |About 8 out of 10 chance |
|//Medium confidence// |About 5 out of 10 chance |
|//Low confidence// |About 2 out of 10 chance |
|//Very low confidence// |Less than 1 out of 10 chance |
}}}
14. Likelihood, as defined in Table 4, refers to a probabilistic assessment of some well defined outcome having occurred or occurring in the future. The categories defined in this table should be considered as having ‘fuzzy’ boundaries. Use other probability ranges where more appropriate but do not then use the terminology in table 4. Likelihood may be based on quantitative analysis or an elicitation of expert views. The central range of this scale should not be used to express a lack of knowledge – see paragraph 12 and Table 2 for that situation. There is evidence that readers may adjust their interpretation of this likelihood language according to the magnitude of perceived potential consequences [8].
''Table 4. Likelihood Scale.''
{{clear{
|''Terminology'' |''Likelihood of the occurrence/ outcome'' |
|//Virtually certain// |> 99% probability of occurrence |
|//Very likely// |> 90% probability |
|//Likely// |> 66% probability |
|//About as likely as not//|33 to 66% probability |
|//Unlikely// |< 33% probability |
|//Very unlikely// |< 10% probability |
|//Exceptionally unlikely// |< 1% probability |
}}}
15. Consider the use of tabular, diagrammatic or graphical approaches to show the primary sources of uncertainties in key findings, the range of outcomes, and the factors and relationships determining levels of confidence.
''References''
1. Moss, R., and S. Schneider. 2000. Uncertainties, in Guidance Papers on the Cross Cutting Issues of the Third Assessment Report of the IPCC, edited by R. Pachauri, T. Taniguchi, and K. Tanaka, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Geneva.
2. Manning, M.R., M. Petit, D. Easterling, J. Murphy, A. Patwardhan, H-H. Rogner, R. Swart, and G. Yohe (Eds). 2004. IPCC Workshop on Describing Scientific Uncertainties in Climate Change to Support Analysis of Risk and of Options: Workshop report. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Geneva.
3. Morgan, M.G., and M. Henrion. 1990. Uncertainty: A Guide to Dealing with Uncertainty in Quantitative Risk and Policy Analysis., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. (See particularly chapter 6 “Human judgment about and with uncertainty”.)
4. Lempert, R. J., S.W. Popper, and S.C. Bankes. 2003. Shaping the Next One Hundred Years: New Methods for Quantitative Long-Term Policy Analysis. RAND Corporation; and Lempert, R. J. and M. E. Schlesinger. 2000. Robust strategies for abating climate change. Climatic Change 45, 387-401.
5. Kandlikar, M., J. Risbey, and S. Dessai. 2005. Representing and Communicating Deep Uncertainty in Climate Change Assessments, Comptes Rendu Geosciences 337, 443-451. (NB Aspects of the hierarchy proposed above have been adapted from Kandlikar et al, however, other aspects of the approach proposed by those authors differ from those given here.)
6. Kahneman, D. and A. Tversky. 1979. Prospect theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47, 263- 291.
7. (e.g.) Morgan, M.G. 1998. Uncertainty analysis in risk assessment. Human and Ecological Risk Assessment, 4, 25-; and Wallsten, T.S., D.V. Budesco, A. Rapoport, R. Zwick, and B. Forsyth. 1986. Measuring the vague meanings of probability terms. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 115, 348-365.
8. Patt, A. G. and Schrag, D. 2003. Using specific language to describe risk and probability. Climatic Change 61, 17-30 (2003).; and Patt, A. G. and S. Dessai. 2004. Communicating uncertainty: lessons learned and suggestions for climate change assessment. Comptes Rendu Geosciences 337, 425-441.
This set of tiddlers allows you to edit and manage the title and sub-title of the page, and key information about the page; Others are easily read by browsers in particular, information that it is valuable to make available to Internet search engines. The first of these two are visible to the viewer - in the browser window, and in the banner at the top of the page.the others are read by search engines and browsers, but are only visible to the reader if she or he looks at the source code af a web page
* [[Site Title|SiteTitle]] - appears at the head of the page banner, and the
* [[Site Subtitle|SiteSubtitle]] - included in the browser bar and search results and at the bottom right of the site banner
* [[MarkupPreHead]] - this contents of this shadowed tiddler contains the concatenation of information - each of them representing a "meta tag". Ideally, this tiddler would use the syntax- using the syntax {{{<<tiddler "Site Keywords">>}}}, etc.
** [[Site Keywords]] - a list of comma-separated keywords, also a first read for search engines
** [[Site Description]] - a concise description of the site, stored in the HEAD of the HTML page, and is generally one of the first items to be read by intelligent search engines. As a rule, it should not be more that 256 characters, or about 40 words.
>>>Each of these tiddlers contains what is known as a "meta tag", e,.g.
<<<
>> {{{<meta name="description" content="Climate Change 2.0: A convenient TiddlyPerfect response to Truth in a rapidly-changing Creative Commons, Open Source Climate">}}}
<<<
** [[Site Owner]] - this tiddler records the ownership of the page itself: not to be confused with the various copyrights associated with the page, included in the tiddler that follows
** [[Site Copyrights]] - this tiddler provides attribution to the rights holders
** [[Site Url|SiteUrl]] - this tiddler conytains the Url of the site, e.g. http:///climate-change-two.net
** [[Site Splash Screen]] - this page contains the HTML tags for the Splash Screen that appears when the page is opened,
>> //Technical note//: In a TiddlyPerfect site, this tiddler would be automatically generated by the DataPerfect engine from its sub-tiddlers - using the syntax:
>>> {{{<<tiddler "Site Keywords">>}}},
>>> {{{<<tiddler "Site Decription">>}}}, etc.
>> under TiddlyWiki, this does not work, as the contents of the tiddler would not be readable by the browser, not having been translated - wikified - until the relevant javascript in TiddlyWiki had been loaded.
There are a number of simple ways you can create headings & sub-headings, create bulleted lists, numbered outlines or block quotes
|Feature |Type this|h
|[[Headings]] |{{{! !! !!!}}} etc. at beginning of line|
|[[Bullets]] |{{{* ** ***}}} etc. at beginning of line|
|[[Numbered Outline]] |{{{# ## ###}}} etc. at beginning of line|
|[[Block Quotes]] |{{{<<< ... <<< }}}|
|[[Multi-level Block Quote]] |{{{> >> >>>}}} etc. at beginning of line|
See also [[Formatting Tiddlers]]
/***
| Name:|HideWhenPlugin|
| Description:|Allows conditional inclusion/exclusion in templates|
| Version:|6.1.2|
| Date:|20-Oct-2006|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#HideWhenPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
For use in ViewTemplate and EditTemplate. Eg
{{{<div macro="showWhenTagged Task">[[TaskToolbar]]</div>}}}
{{{<div macro="showWhen tiddler.modifier == 'BartSimpson'"><img src="bart.gif"/></div>}}}
***/
//{{{
window.removeElementWhen = function(test,place) {
if (test) {
removeChildren(place);
place.parentNode.removeChild(place);
}
};
merge(config.macros,{
hideWhen: { handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( eval(paramString), place);
}},
showWhen: { handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( !eval(paramString), place);
}},
hideWhenTagged: { handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( tiddler.tags.containsAll(params), place);
}},
showWhenTagged: { handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( !tiddler.tags.containsAll(params), place);
}},
hideWhenTaggedAny: { handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( tiddler.tags.containsAny(params), place);
}},
showWhenTaggedAny: { handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( !tiddler.tags.containsAny(params), place);
}},
hideWhenExists: { handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( store.tiddlerExists(params[0]) || store.isShadowTiddler(params[0]), place);
}},
showWhenExists: { handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
removeElementWhen( !(store.tiddlerExists(params[0]) || store.isShadowTiddler(params[0])), place);
}}
});
//}}}
You can divide a tiddler into
----
sections by typing four dashes on a line by themselves
<<top>>
@@border:0;padding:0;margin:0;[[?|TWHelp-SearchResults]]@@
<<jump j '' top>>
<<fullscreen>>
<<fontSize>>
<<newTiddler ">><<renameButton n>>
<<saveChanges>><<renameButton s 'Save TiddlyWiki'>>
Entities in HTML documents allow characters to be entered that can't easily be typed on an ordinary keyboard. They take the form of an ampersand (&), an identifying string, and a terminating semi-colon (;). There's a complete reference [[here|http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/entities/]]; some of the more common and useful ones are shown below. Also see [[Paul's Notepad|http://thepettersons.org/PaulsNotepad.html#GreekHtmlEntities%20HtmlEntitiesList%20LatinHtmlEntities%20MathHtmlEntities]] for a more complete list.
|>|>|>|>|>|>| !HTML Entities |
| &nbsp; | | no-break space | | &apos; | ' | single quote, apostrophe |
| &ndash; | – | en dash |~| &quot; | " | quotation mark |
| &mdash; | — | em dash |~| &prime; | ′ | prime; minutes; feet |
| &hellip; | … | horizontal ellipsis |~| &Prime; | ″ | double prime; seconds; inches |
| &copy; | © | Copyright symbol |~| &lsquo; | ‘ | left single quote |
| &reg; | ® | Registered symbol |~| &rsquo; | ’ | right single quote |
| &trade; | ™ | Trademark symbol |~| &ldquo; | “ | left double quote |
| &dagger; | † | dagger |~| &rdquo; | ” | right double quote |
| &Dagger; | ‡ | double dagger |~| &laquo; | « | left angle quote |
| &para; | ¶ | paragraph sign |~| &raquo; | » | right angle quote |
| &sect; | § | section sign |~| &times; | × | multiplication symbol |
| &uarr; | ↑ | up arrow |~| &darr; | ↓ | down arrow |
| &larr; | ← | left arrow |~| &rarr; | → | right arrow |
| &lArr; | ⇐ | double left arrow |~| &rArr; | ⇒ | double right arrow |
| &harr; | ↔ | left right arrow |~| &hArr; | ⇔ | double left right arrow |
The table below shows how accented characters can be built up by subsituting a base character into the various accent entities in place of the underscore ('_'):
|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>| !Accented Characters |
| grave accent | &_grave; | À | à | È | è | Ì | ì | Ò | ò | Ù | ù | | | | | | |
| acute accent | &_acute; | Á | á | É | é | Í | í | Ó | ó | Ú | ú | | | Ý | ý | | |
| circumflex accent | &_circ; | Â | â | Ê | ê | Î | î | Ô | ô | Û | û | | | | | | |
| umlaut mark | &_uml; | Ä | ä | Ë | ë | Ï | ï | Ö | ö | Ü | ü | | | Ÿ | ÿ | | |
| tilde | &_tilde; | Ã | ã | | | | | Õ | õ | | | Ñ | ñ | | | | |
| ring | &_ring; | Å | å | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| slash | &_slash; | | | | | | | Ø | ø | | | | | | | |
| cedilla | &_cedil; | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | Ç | ç |
What can scientific, technical, and socio-economic analyses contribute to the determination of what constitutes dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system as referred to in Article 2 of the Framework Convention on Climate Change?
<<<
''Framework Convention on Climate Change, Article 2''
>"The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system. Such a level should be achieved within a time-frame sufficient to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change, to ensure that food production is not threatened and to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner."
<<<
What is the evidence for, causes of, and consequences of changes in the Earth's climate since the pre-industrial era?
* Has the Earth's climate changed since the pre-industrial era at the regional and/or global scale? If so, what part, if any, of the observed changes can be attributed to human influence and what part, if any, can be attributed to natural phenomena? What is the basis for that attribution?
* What is known about the environmental, social, and economic consequences of climate changes since the pre-industrial era with an emphasis on the last 50 years?
What is known about the regional and global climatic, environmental, and socio-economic consequences in the next 25, 50, and 100 years associated with a range of greenhouse gas emissions arising from scenarios used in the TAR (projections which involve no climate policy intervention)?
To the extent possible evaluate the:
* Projected changes in atmospheric concentrations, climate, and sea level
* Impacts and economic costs and benefits of changes in climate and atmospheric composition on human health, diversity and productivity of tecological systems, and socio-economic sectors (particularly agriculture and water)
* The range of options for adaptation, including the costs, benefits, and challenges
* Development, sustainability, and equity issues associated with impacts and adaptation at a regional and global level
What is known about the influence of the increasing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols, and the projected human-induced change in climate regionally and globally on:
* The frequency and magnitude of climate fluctuations, including daily, seasonal, inter-annual, and decadal variability, such as the El Niño Southern Oscillation cycles and others?
* The duration, location, frequency, and intensity of extreme events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, heavy precipitation, avalanches, storms, tornadoes, and tropical cyclones?
* The risk of abrupt/non-linear changes in, among others, the sources and sinks of greenhouse gases, ocean circulation, and the extent of polar ice and permafrost? If so, can the risk be quantified?
* The risk of abrupt or non-linear changes in ecological systems?
What is known about the inertia and time scales associated with the changes in the climate system, ecological systems, and socio-economic sectors and their interactions?
# How does the extent and timing of the introduction of a range of emissions reduction actions determine and affect the rate, magnitude, and impacts of climate change, and affect the global and regional economy, taking into account the historical and current emissions?
# What is known from sensitivity studies about regional and global climatic, environmental, and socio-economic consequences of stabilizing the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases (in carbon dioxide equivalents), at a range of levels from today's to double that level or more, taking into account to the extent possible the effects of aerosols? For each stabilization scenario, including different pathways to stabilization, evaluate the range of costs and benefits, relative to the range of scenarios considered in Question 3, in terms of:
** Projected changes in atmospheric concentrations, climate, and sea level, including changes beyond 100 years
** Impacts and economic costs and benefits of changes in climate and atmospheric composition on human health, diversity and productivity of ecological systems, and socio-economic sectors (particularly agriculture and water)
** The range of options for adaptation, including the costs, benefits, and challenges
** The range of technologies, policies, and practices that could be used to achieve each of the stabilization levels, with an evaluation of the national and global costs and benefits, and an assessment of how these costs and benefits would compare, either qualitatively or quantitatively, to the avoided environmental harm that would be achieved by the emissions reductions
** Development, sustainability, and equity issues associated with impacts, adaptation, and mitigation at a regional and global level.
What is known about the potential for, and costs and benefits of, and time frame for reducing greenhouse gas emissions?
* What would be the economic and social costs and benefits and equity implications of options for policies and measures, and the mechanisms of the Kyoto Protocol, that might be considered to address climate change regionally and globally?
* What portfolios of options of research and development, investments, and other policies might be considered that would be most effective to enhance the development and deployment of technologies that address climate change?
* What kind of economic and other policy options might be considered to remove existing and potential barriers and to stimulate private- and public sector technology transfer and deployment among countries, and what effect might these have on projected emissions?
* How does the timing of the options contained in the above affect associated economic costs and benefits, and the atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases over the next century and beyond?
* What is known about the interactions between projected human-induced changes in climate and other environmental issues (e.g., urban air pollution, regional acid deposition, loss of biological diversity, stratospheric ozone depletion, and desertification and land degradation)?
* What is known about environmental, social, and economic costs and benefits and implications of these interactions for integrating climate change response strategies in an equitable manner into broad sustainable development strategies at the local, regional, and global scales?
What are the most robust findings and key uncertainties regarding attribution of climate change and regarding model projections of:
* Future emissions of greenhouse gases and aerosols?
* Future concentrations of greenhouse gases and aerosols?
* Future changes in regional and global climate?
* Regional and global impacts of climate change?
* Costs and benefits of mitigation and adaptation options?
{{{
[img[title|filename]]
[img[filename]]
[img[title|filename][link]]
[img[filename][link]]
}}}
Images can be included by their filename or full URL. It's good practice to include a title for the image to be shown as a tooltip, and when the image isn't available. An image can also link to another tiddler or or a URL, e.g.
[img[Twin Light & Colour Cube|http://www.climate-change-two.net/light-cube-0-075.png][Twin Light & Colour Cubes]]
{{{
[img[Twin Light & Colour Cube|http://www.climate-change-two.net/light-cube-0-075.png][Twin Light & Colour Cubes]]
}}}
You can also float images to the right or left: use {{{[<img[}}} for left-floating images and {{{[>img[}}} for right-floated images; you can use CSS to clear the floats.
[<img[Twin Light & Colour Cube - floating left|http://www.climate-change-two.net/light-cube-1-075.png][http://www.digital-bridges.net/]] [>img[Twin Light & Colour Cube - floating right|http://www.climate-change-two.net/light-cube-0-075.png][http://www.digital-bridges.net/]]
@@clear(left):clear(right):display(block):@@
{{{
[<img[Twin Light & Colour Cube - floated left|http://www.climate-change-two.net/light-cube-1-075.png][http://www.digital-bridges.net/]]
[>img[Twin Light & Colour Cube - floated right|http://www.climate-change-two.net/light-cube-0-075.png][http://www.digital-bridges.net/]]
@@clear(left):clear(right):display(block):@@
}}}
The ''Import Tiddlers'' tiddler uses the [[ImportTiddlers|ImportTiddlersPlugin]] plugin macro that allows you to import tiddlers from other TiddlyWiki pages, with the syntax {{{<<importTiddlers inline>>}}}.
<<importTiddlers inline>>
/***
|Name|ImportTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#ImportTiddlersPlugin|
|Version|3.5.5|
|Date|2007.06.25|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides|config.macros.importTiddlers.handler|
|Description|interactive controls for import/export with filtering.|
When many people share and edit copies of the same TiddlyWiki document, the ability to quickly collect all these changes back into a single, updated document that can then be redistributed to the entire group is very important. It can also be very extremely helpful when moving your own tiddlers from document to document (e.g., when upgrading to the latest version of TiddlyWiki, or 'pre-loading' your favorite stylesheets into a new 'empty' TiddlyWiki document.)
This plugin lets you selectively combine tiddlers from any two TiddlyWiki documents. An interactive control panel lets you pick a document to import from, and then select which tiddlers to import, with prompting for skip, rename, merge or replace actions when importing tiddlers that match existing titles. Automatically add tags to imported tiddlers so they are easy to find later on. Generates a detailed report of import 'history' in ImportedTiddlers.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
{{{<<importTiddlers>>}}} or {{{<<importTiddlers core>>}}}
invokes the built-in importTiddlers macro (TW2.1.x+). If installed in documents using TW2.0.x or earlier, fallback is to use 'link' display (see below)
{{{<<importTiddlers link label tooltip>>}}}
The ''link'' keyword creates an "import tiddlers" link that when clicked to show/hide import control panel. ''label'' and ''tooltip'' are optional text parameters (enclosed in quotes or {{{[[...]]}}}, and allow you to override the default display text for the link and the mouseover help text, respectively.
{{{<<importTiddlers inline>>}}}
creates import control panel directly in tiddler content
<<importTiddlers inline>>
Press ''[browse]'' to select a TiddlyWiki document file to import, and then press ''[open]''. Alternatively, you can type in the path/filename or a remote document URL (starting with http://). When you have entered the desired source location, press ''[load]'' to retrieve the tiddlers from the remote source. //Note: There may be some delay to permit the browser time to access and load the document before updating the listbox with the titles of all tiddlers that are available to be imported.//
Select one or more titles from the listbox (hold CTRL or SHIFT while clicking to add/remove the highlight from individual list items). You can press ''[select all]'' to quickly highlight all tiddler titles in the list. Use the ''[-]'', ''[+]'', or ''[=]'' links to adjust the listbox size so you can view more (or less) tiddler titles at one time. When you have chosen the tiddlers you want to import and entered any extra tags, press ''[import]'' to begin copying them to the current TiddlyWiki document.
''select: all, new, changes, or differences''
You can click on ''all'', ''new'', ''changes'', or ''differences'' to automatically select a subset of tiddlers from the list. This makes it very quick and easy to find and import just the updated tiddlers you are interested in:
>''"all"'' selects ALL tiddlers from the import source document, even if they have not been changed.
>''"new"'' selects only tiddlers that are found in the import source document, but do not yet exist in the destination document
>''"changes"'' selects only tiddlers that exist in both documents but that are newer in the source document
>''"differences"'' selects all new and existing tiddlers that are different from the destination document (even if destination tiddler is newer)
''Import Tagging:''
Tiddlers that have been imported can be automatically tagged, so they will be easier to find later on, after they have been added to your document. New tags are entered into the "add tags" input field, and then //added// to the existing tags for each tiddler as it is imported.
''Skip, Rename, Merge, or Replace:''
When importing a tiddler whose title is identical to one that already exists, the import process pauses and the tiddler title is displayed in an input field, along with four push buttons: ''[skip]'', ''[rename]'', ''[merge]'' and ''[replace]''.
To bypass importing this tiddler, press ''[skip]''. To import the tiddler with a different name (so that both the tiddlers will exist when the import is done), enter a new title in the input field and then press ''[rename]''. Press ''[merge]'' to combine the content from both tiddlers into a single tiddler. Press ''[replace]'' to overwrite the existing tiddler with the imported one, discarding the previous tiddler content.
//Note: if both the title ''and'' modification date/////time match, the imported tiddler is assumed to be identical to the existing one, and will be automatically skipped (i.e., not imported) without asking.//
''Import Report History''
When tiddlers are imported, a report is generated into ImportedTiddlers, indicating when the latest import was performed, the number of tiddlers successfully imported, from what location, and by whom. It also includes a list with the title, date and author of each tiddler that was imported.
When the import process is completed, the ImportedTiddlers report is automatically displayed for your review. If more tiddlers are subsequently imported, a new report is //added// to ImportedTiddlers, above the previous report (i.e., at the top of the tiddler), so that a reverse-chronological history of imports is maintained.
If a cumulative record is not desired, the ImportedTiddlers report may be deleted at any time. A new ImportedTiddlers report will be created the next time tiddlers are imported.
Note: You can prevent the ImportedTiddlers report from being generated for any given import activity by clearing the "create a report" checkbox before beginning the import processing.
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
copy/paste the following tiddlers into your document:
''ImportTiddlersPlugin''
''ImportTiddlersPluginPatch2.1.x'' (only for installation in TW2.1.x or earlier)
(both tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
>Important Notes:
>* As of 6/27/2007, "patch" functions that provide backward-compatibility with TW2.1.x and earlier have been split into a separate [[ImportTiddlersPluginPatch2.1.x]] tiddler to reduce installation overhead for //this// plugin. You only need to install this additional plugin tiddler when using ImportTiddlersPlugin in documents using TW2.1.x or earlier.
>* As of 3/21/2007, the interactive {{{<<importTiddlers>>}}} and non-interactive {{{<<loadTiddlers>>}}} macro definitions and related code have been split into separate [[ImportTiddlersPlugin]] and [[LoadTiddlersPlugin]] to permit selective installation of either the interactive and/or non-interactive macro functions
''Quick Installation Tip #1:''
If you are using an unmodified version of TiddlyWiki (core release version <<version>>), you can get a new, empty TiddlyWiki with the Import Tiddlers plugin pre-installed (''[[download from here|TW+ImportExport.html]]''), and then simply import all your content from your old document into this new, empty document.
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.06.27 [3.5.5]'' added missing 'fields' params to saveTiddler() calls. Fixes problem where importing tiddlers would lose the custom fields. Also, moved functions for backward-compatibility with TW2.1.x to separate [[ImportTiddlersPluginPatch2.1.x]] tiddler, reducing the size of //this// plugin tiddler by a significant amount.
''2007.06.25 [3.5.4]'' added calls to store.suspendNotifications() and store.resumeNotifications(). Eliminates redisplay processing overhead DURING import activities
|please see [[ImportTiddlersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.07.20 [1.0.0]'' Initial Release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // ''MACRO DEFINITION''
//{{{
// Version
version.extensions.importTiddlers = {major: 3, minor: 5, revision: 5, date: new Date(2007,6,27)};
// IE needs explicit global scoping for functions/vars called from browser events
window.onClickImportButton=onClickImportButton;
window.refreshImportList=refreshImportList;
// default cookie/option values
if (!config.options.chkImportReport) config.options.chkImportReport=true;
merge(config.macros.importTiddlers,{
label: "import tiddlers",
prompt: "Copy tiddlers from another document",
openMsg: "Opening %0",
openErrMsg: "Could not open %0 - error=%1",
readMsg: "Read %0 bytes from %1",
foundMsg: "Found %0 tiddlers in %1",
countMsg: "%0 tiddlers selected for import",
importedMsg: "Imported %0 of %1 tiddlers from %2",
loadText: "please load a document...",
closeText: "close", // text for close button when remote file is loaded
doneText: "done", // text for close button when remote file is not loaded
src: "", // path/filename or URL of document to import (retrieved from SiteUrl tiddler)
proxy: "", // URL for remote proxy script (retrieved from SiteProxy tiddler)
useProxy: false, // use specific proxy script in front of remote URL
inbound: null, // hash-indexed array of tiddlers from other document
newTags: "", // text of tags added to imported tiddlers
addTags: true, // add new tags to imported tiddlers
listsize: 8, // # of lines to show in imported tiddler list
importTags: true, // include tags from remote source document when importing a tiddler
keepTags: true, // retain existing tags when replacing a tiddler
index: 0, // current processing index in import list
sort: "" // sort order for imported tiddler listbox
});
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler==undefined)
config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler=config.macros.importTiddlers.handler; // save built-in handler
config.macros.importTiddlers.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
if (!params[0] || params[0].toLowerCase()=='core') { // default to built in
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler)
config.macros.importTiddlers.coreHandler.apply(this,arguments);
else
createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,onClickImportMenu);
}
else if (params[0]=='link') { // show link to floating panel
var label=params[1]?params[1]:this.label;
var prompt=params[2]?params[2]:this.prompt;
createTiddlyButton(place,label,prompt,onClickImportMenu);
}
else if (params[0]=='inline') {// show panel as INLINE tiddler content
createImportPanel(place);
document.getElementById("importPanel").style.position="static";
document.getElementById("importPanel").style.display="block";
}
else if (config.macros.loadTiddlers)
config.macros.loadTiddlers.handler(place,macroName,params); // any other params: loadtiddlers
}
//}}}
// // ''INTERFACE DEFINITION''
// // Handle link click to create/show/hide control panel
//{{{
function onClickImportMenu(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var parent=resolveTarget(e).parentNode;
var panel = document.getElementById("importPanel");
if (panel==undefined || panel.parentNode!=parent)
panel=createImportPanel(parent);
var isOpen = panel.style.display=="block";
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(panel,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
panel.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block" ;
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return(false);
}
//}}}
// // Create control panel: HTML, CSS
//{{{
function createImportPanel(place) {
var panel=document.getElementById("importPanel");
if (panel) { panel.parentNode.removeChild(panel); }
setStylesheet(config.macros.importTiddlers.css,"importTiddlers");
panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"span","importPanel",null,null)
panel.innerHTML=config.macros.importTiddlers.html;
refreshImportList();
var siteURL=store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl"); if (!siteURL) siteURL="";
document.getElementById("importSourceURL").value=siteURL;
config.macros.importTiddlers.src=siteURL;
var siteProxy=store.getTiddlerText("SiteProxy"); if (!siteProxy) siteProxy="SiteProxy";
document.getElementById("importSiteProxy").value=siteProxy;
config.macros.importTiddlers.proxy=siteProxy;
return panel;
}
//}}}
// // CSS
//{{{
config.macros.importTiddlers.css = '\
#importPanel {\
display: none; position:absolute; z-index:11; width:35em; right:105%; top:3em;\
background-color: #eee; color:#000; font-size: 8pt; line-height:110%;\
border:1px solid black; border-bottom-width: 3px; border-right-width: 3px;\
padding: 0.5em; margin:0em; -moz-border-radius:1em;\
}\
#importPanel a, #importPanel td a { color:#009; display:inline; margin:0px; padding:1px; }\
#importPanel table { width:100%; border:0px; padding:0px; margin:0px; font-size:8pt; line-height:110%; background:transparent; }\
#importPanel tr { border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#importPanel td { color:#000; border:0px;padding:0px;margin:0px; background:transparent; }\
#importPanel select { width:98%;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%;}\
#importPanel input { width:98%;padding:0px;margin:0px;font-size:8pt;line-height:110%}\
#importPanel .box { border:1px solid black; padding:3px; margin-bottom:5px; background:#f8f8f8; -moz-border-radius:5px;}\
#importPanel .topline { border-top:2px solid black; padding-top:3px; margin-bottom:5px; }\
#importPanel .rad { width:auto; }\
#importPanel .chk { width:auto; margin:1px;border:0; }\
#importPanel .btn { width:auto; }\
#importPanel .btn1 { width:98%; }\
#importPanel .btn2 { width:48%; }\
#importPanel .btn3 { width:32%; }\
#importPanel .btn4 { width:24%; }\
#importPanel .btn5 { width:19%; }\
#importPanel .importButton { padding: 0em; margin: 0px; font-size:8pt; }\
#importPanel .importListButton { padding:0em 0.25em 0em 0.25em; color: #000000; display:inline }\
#importCollisionPanel { display:none; margin:0.5em 0em 0em 0em; }\
';
//}}}
// // HTML
//{{{
config.macros.importTiddlers.html = '\
<!-- source and report -->\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
import from\
<input type="radio" class="rad" name="importFrom" id="importFromFile" value="file" CHECKED\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'importLocalPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\';\
document.getElementById(\'importHTTPPanel\').style.display=!this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> local file\
<input type="radio" class="rad" name="importFrom" id="importFromWeb" value="http"\
onClick="document.getElementById(\'importLocalPanel\').style.display=!this.checked?\'block\':\'none\';\
document.getElementById(\'importHTTPPanel\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> web server\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkImportReport" checked\
onClick="config.options[\'chkImportReport\']=this.checked;"> create a report\
</td></tr></table>\
<!-- import from local file -->\
<div id="importLocalPanel" style="display:block;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:5px;padding-top:3px;border-top:1px solid #999">\
local document path/filename:<br>\
<input type="file" id="fileImportSource" size=57 style="width:100%"\
onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value"\
onChange="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value;">\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<!-- import from http server -->\
<div id="importHTTPPanel" style="display:none;margin-bottom:5px;margin-top:5px;padding-top:3px;border-top:1px solid #999">\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
remote document URL:<br>\
</td><td align=right>\
<input type="checkbox" class="chk" id="importUseProxy"\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.useProxy=this.checked;\
document.getElementById(\'importSiteProxy\').style.display=this.checked?\'block\':\'none\'"> use a proxy script\
</td></tr></table>\
<input type="text" id="importSiteProxy" style="display:none;margin-bottom:1px" onfocus="this.select()" value="SiteProxy"\
onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.proxy=this.value"\
onChange="config.macros.importTiddlers.proxy=this.value;">\
<input type="text" id="importSourceURL" onfocus="this.select()" value="SiteUrl"\
onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value"\
onChange="config.macros.importTiddlers.src=this.value;">\
</div><!--panel-->\
\
<table><tr><td align=left>\
select:\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectAll"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select all tiddlers">\
all </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectNew"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers not already in destination document">\
added </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectChanges"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers that have been updated in source document">\
changes </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importSelectDifferences"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="select tiddlers that have been added or are different from existing tiddlers">\
differences </a> \
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importToggleFilter"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="show/hide selection filter">\
filter </a> \
</td><td align=right>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importListSmaller"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="reduce list size">\
– </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importListLarger"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="increase list size">\
+ </a>\
<a href="JavaScript:;" id="importListMaximize"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)" title="maximize/restore list size">\
= </a>\
</td></tr></table>\
<select id="importList" size=8 multiple\
onchange="setTimeout(\'refreshImportList(\'+this.selectedIndex+\')\',1)">\
<!-- NOTE: delay refresh so list is updated AFTER onchange event is handled -->\
</select>\
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkAddTags" checked\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.addTags=this.checked;">add new tags \
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkImportTags" checked\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.importTags=this.checked;">import source tags \
<input type=checkbox class="chk" id="chkKeepTags" checked\
onClick="config.macros.importTiddlers.keepTags=this.checked;">keep existing tags<br>\
<input type=text id="txtNewTags" size=15 onKeyUp="config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags=this.value" autocomplete=off>\
<div align=center>\
<input type=button id="importLoad" class="importButton" style="width:32%" value="load"\
title="load listbox with tiddlers from source document"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importStart" class="importButton" style="width:32%" value="import"\
title="add selected source tiddlers to the current document"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importClose" class="importButton" style="width:32%" value="close"\
title="clear listbox or hide control panel"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
</div>\
<div id="importCollisionPanel">\
tiddler already exists:\
<input type=text id="importNewTitle" size=15 autocomplete=off">\
<div align=center>\
<input type=button id="importSkip" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="skip"\
title="do not import this tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importRename" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="rename"\
title="rename the incoming tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importMerge" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="merge"\
title="append the incoming tiddler to the existing tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
<input type=button id="importReplace" class="importButton" style="width:23%" value="replace"\
title="discard the existing tiddler"\
onclick="onClickImportButton(this)">\
</div>\
</div>\
';
//}}}
// // Control interactions
//{{{
function onClickImportButton(which)
{
// DEBUG alert(which.id);
var theList = document.getElementById('importList');
if (!theList) return;
var thePanel = document.getElementById('importPanel');
var theCollisionPanel = document.getElementById('importCollisionPanel');
var theNewTitle = document.getElementById('importNewTitle');
var count=0;
switch (which.id)
{
case 'fileImportSource':
case 'importLoad': // load import source into hidden frame
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound=null; // clear the imported tiddler buffer
refreshImportList(); // reset/resize the listbox
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.src=="") break;
// Load document, read it's DOM and fill the list
config.macros.importTiddlers.loadRemoteFile(config.macros.importTiddlers.src,
function(success,params,txt,src,xhr) {
var src=src.replace(/%20/g," ");
if (!success) { displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.openErrMsg.format([src,xhr.status])); return; }
var tiddlers = config.macros.importTiddlers.readTiddlersFromHTML(txt);
var count=tiddlers?tiddlers.length:0;
var querypos=src.lastIndexOf("?"); if (querypos!=-1) src=src.substr(0,querypos);
displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.foundMsg.format([count,src]));
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound=tiddlers;
window.refreshImportList(0);
});
break;
case 'importSelectAll': // select all tiddler list items (i.e., not headings)
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importSelectNew': // select tiddlers not in current document
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=false;
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
theList.options[t].selected=!store.tiddlerExists(theList.options[t].value);
count+=theList.options[t].selected?1:0;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importSelectChanges': // select tiddlers that are updated from existing tiddlers
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=false;
if (theList.options[t].value==""||!store.tiddlerExists(theList.options[t].value)) continue;
for (var i=0; i<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length; i++) // find matching inbound tiddler
{ var inbound=config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[i]; if (inbound.title==theList.options[t].value) break; }
theList.options[t].selected=(inbound.modified-store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value).modified>0); // updated tiddler
count+=theList.options[t].selected?1:0;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importSelectDifferences': // select tiddlers that are new or different from existing tiddlers
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=false;
if (theList.options[t].value=="") continue;
if (!store.tiddlerExists(theList.options[t].value)) { theList.options[t].selected=true; count++; continue; }
for (var i=0; i<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length; i++) // find matching inbound tiddler
{ var inbound=config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[i]; if (inbound.title==theList.options[t].value) break; }
theList.options[t].selected=(inbound.modified-store.getTiddler(theList.options[t].value).modified!=0); // changed tiddler
count+=theList.options[t].selected?1:0;
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
break;
case 'importToggleFilter': // show/hide filter
case 'importFilter': // apply filter
alert("coming soon!");
break;
case 'importStart': // initiate the import processing
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=0;
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(0);
importStopped();
break;
case 'importClose': // unload imported tiddlers or hide the import control panel
// if imported tiddlers not loaded, close the import control panel
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound) { thePanel.style.display='none'; break; }
importReport(); // if an import was in progress, generate a report
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound=null; // clear the imported tiddler buffer
refreshImportList(); // reset/resize the listbox
break;
case 'importSkip': // don't import the tiddler
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
theImported.status='skipped after asking'; // mark item as skipped
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index+1); // resume with NEXT item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importRename': // change name of imported tiddler
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
theImported.status = 'renamed from '+theImported.title; // mark item as renamed
theImported.set(theNewTitle.value,null,null,null,null); // change the tiddler title
theItem.value = theNewTitle.value; // change the listbox item text
theItem.text = theNewTitle.value; // change the listbox item text
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index); // resume with THIS item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importMerge': // join existing and imported tiddler content
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(theItem.value);
var theText = theExisting.text+'\n----\n^^merged from: ';
theText +='[['+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+'#'+theItem.value+'|'+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+'#'+theItem.value+']]^^\n';
theText +='^^'+theImported.modified.toLocaleString()+' by '+theImported.modifier+'^^\n'+theImported.text;
var theDate = new Date();
var theTags = theExisting.getTags()+' '+theImported.getTags();
theImported.set(null,theText,null,theDate,theTags);
theImported.status = 'merged with '+theExisting.title; // mark item as merged
theImported.status += ' - '+theExisting.modified.formatString("MM/DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss");
theImported.status += ' by '+theExisting.modifier;
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index); // resume with this item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importReplace': // substitute imported tiddler for existing tiddler
var theItem = theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index];
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==theItem.value) break;
var theImported = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(theItem.value);
theImported.status = 'replaces '+theExisting.title; // mark item for replace
theImported.status += ' - '+theExisting.modified.formatString("MM/DD/YYYY 0hh:0mm:0ss");
theImported.status += ' by '+theExisting.modifier;
theCollisionPanel.style.display='none';
config.macros.importTiddlers.index=importTiddlers(config.macros.importTiddlers.index); // resume with THIS item
importStopped();
break;
case 'importListSmaller': // decrease current listbox size, minimum=5
if (theList.options.length==1) break;
theList.size-=(theList.size>5)?1:0;
config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize=theList.size;
break;
case 'importListLarger': // increase current listbox size, maximum=number of items in list
if (theList.options.length==1) break;
theList.size+=(theList.size<theList.options.length)?1:0;
config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize=theList.size;
break;
case 'importListMaximize': // toggle listbox size between current and maximum
if (theList.options.length==1) break;
theList.size=(theList.size==theList.options.length)?config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize:theList.options.length;
break;
}
}
//}}}
// // refresh listbox
//{{{
function refreshImportList(selectedIndex)
{
var theList = document.getElementById("importList");
if (!theList) return;
// if nothing to show, reset list content and size
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound)
{
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
theList.options[0]=new Option(config.macros.importTiddlers.loadText,"",false,false);
theList.size=config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize;
document.getElementById('importLoad').disabled=false;
document.getElementById('fileImportSource').disabled=false;
document.getElementById('importFromFile').disabled=false;
document.getElementById('importFromWeb').disabled=false;
document.getElementById('importClose').value=config.macros.importTiddlers.closeText;
return;
}
// get the sort order
if (!selectedIndex) selectedIndex=0;
if (selectedIndex==0) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='title'; // heading
if (selectedIndex==1) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='title';
if (selectedIndex==2) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='modified';
if (selectedIndex==3) config.macros.importTiddlers.sort='tags';
if (selectedIndex>3) {
// display selected tiddler count
for (var t=0,count=0; t < theList.options.length; t++) {
if (!theList.options[t].selected) continue;
if (theList.options[t].value!="")
count+=1;
else { // if heading is selected, deselect it, and then select and count all in section
theList.options[t].selected=false;
for ( t++; t<theList.options.length && theList.options[t].value!=""; t++) {
theList.options[t].selected=true;
count++;
}
}
}
clearMessage(); displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.countMsg.format([count]));
return; // no refresh needed
}
// there are inbound tiddlers loaded... disable inapplicable controls...
document.getElementById('importLoad').disabled=true;
document.getElementById('fileImportSource').disabled=true;
document.getElementById('importFromFile').disabled=true;
document.getElementById('importFromWeb').disabled=true;
document.getElementById('importClose').value=config.macros.importTiddlers.doneText;
// get the alphasorted list of tiddlers (optionally, filter out unchanged tiddlers)
var tiddlers=config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound;
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a['title'] == b['title']) return(0); else return (a['title'] < b['title']) ? -1 : +1; });
// clear current list contents
while (theList.length > 0) { theList.options[0] = null; }
// add heading and control items to list
var i=0;
var indent=String.fromCharCode(160)+String.fromCharCode(160);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(tiddlers.length+' tiddler'+((tiddlers.length!=1)?'s are':' is')+' in the document',"",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((config.macros.importTiddlers.sort=="title" )?">":indent)+' [by title]',"",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((config.macros.importTiddlers.sort=="modified")?">":indent)+' [by date]',"",false,false);
theList.options[i++]=new Option(((config.macros.importTiddlers.sort=="tags")?">":indent)+' [by tags]',"",false,false);
// output the tiddler list
switch(config.macros.importTiddlers.sort)
{
case "title":
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++)
theList.options[i++] = new Option(tiddlers[t].title,tiddlers[t].title,false,false);
break;
case "modified":
// sort descending for newest date first
tiddlers.sort(function (a,b) {if(a['modified'] == b['modified']) return(0); else return (a['modified'] > b['modified']) ? -1 : +1; });
var lastSection = "";
for(var t = 0; t < tiddlers.length; t++) {
var tiddler = tiddlers[t];
var theSection = tiddler.modified.toLocaleDateString();
if (theSection != lastSection) {
theList.options[i++] = new Option(theSection,"",false,false);
lastSection = theSection;
}
theList.options[i++] = new Option(indent+indent+tiddler.title,tiddler.title,false,false);
}
break;
case "tags":
var theTitles = {}; // all tiddler titles, hash indexed by tag value
var theTags = new Array();
for(var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) {
var title=tiddlers[t].title;
var tags=tiddlers[t].tags;
if (!tags || !tags.length) {
if (theTitles["untagged"]==undefined) { theTags.push("untagged"); theTitles["untagged"]=new Array(); }
theTitles["untagged"].push(title);
}
else for(var s=0; s<tags.length; s++) {
if (theTitles[tags[s]]==undefined) { theTags.push(tags[s]); theTitles[tags[s]]=new Array(); }
theTitles[tags[s]].push(title);
}
}
theTags.sort();
for(var tagindex=0; tagindex<theTags.length; tagindex++) {
var theTag=theTags[tagindex];
theList.options[i++]=new Option(theTag,"",false,false);
for(var t=0; t<theTitles[theTag].length; t++)
theList.options[i++]=new Option(indent+indent+theTitles[theTag][t],theTitles[theTag][t],false,false);
}
break;
}
theList.selectedIndex=selectedIndex; // select current control item
if (theList.size<config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize) theList.size=config.macros.importTiddlers.listsize;
if (theList.size>theList.options.length) theList.size=theList.options.length;
}
//}}}
// // re-entrant processing for handling import with interactive collision prompting
//{{{
function importTiddlers(startIndex)
{
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound) return -1;
var theList = document.getElementById('importList');
if (!theList) return;
var t;
// if starting new import, reset import status flags
if (startIndex==0)
for (var t=0;t<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;t++)
config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[t].status="";
for (var i=startIndex; i<theList.options.length; i++)
{
// if list item is not selected or is a heading (i.e., has no value), skip it
if ((!theList.options[i].selected) || ((t=theList.options[i].value)==""))
continue;
for (var j=0;j<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length;j++)
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j].title==t) break;
var inbound = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[j];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(inbound.title);
// avoid redundant import for tiddlers that are listed multiple times (when 'by tags')
if (inbound.status=="added")
continue;
// don't import the "ImportedTiddlers" history from the other document...
if (inbound.title=='ImportedTiddlers')
continue;
// if tiddler exists and import not marked for replace or merge, stop importing
if (theExisting && (inbound.status.substr(0,7)!="replace") && (inbound.status.substr(0,5)!="merge"))
return i;
// assemble tags (remote + existing + added)
var newTags = "";
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.importTags)
newTags+=inbound.getTags() // import remote tags
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.keepTags && theExisting)
newTags+=" "+theExisting.getTags(); // keep existing tags
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.addTags && config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags.trim().length)
newTags+=" "+config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags; // add new tags
inbound.set(null,null,null,null,newTags.trim());
// set the status to 'added' (if not already set by the 'ask the user' UI)
inbound.status=(inbound.status=="")?'added':inbound.status;
// do the import!
store.suspendNotifications();
store.saveTiddler(inbound.title, inbound.title, inbound.text, inbound.modifier, inbound.modified, inbound.tags, inbound.fields, true, inbound.created);
store.fetchTiddler(inbound.title).created = inbound.created; // force creation date to imported value (needed for TW2.1.x and earlier)
store.resumeNotifications();
}
return(-1); // signals that we really finished the entire list
}
//}}}
//{{{
function importStopped()
{
var theList = document.getElementById('importList');
var theNewTitle = document.getElementById('importNewTitle');
if (!theList) return;
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.index==-1)
importReport(); // import finished... generate the report
else
{
// import collision... show the collision panel and set the title edit field
document.getElementById('importCollisionPanel').style.display='block';
theNewTitle.value=theList.options[config.macros.importTiddlers.index].value;
}
}
//}}}
// // ''REPORT GENERATOR''
//{{{
function importReport(quiet)
{
if (!config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound) return;
// DEBUG alert('importReport: start');
// if import was not completed, the collision panel will still be open... close it now.
var panel=document.getElementById('importCollisionPanel'); if (panel) panel.style.display='none';
// get the alphasorted list of tiddlers
var tiddlers = config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound;
// gather the statistics
var count=0;
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++)
if (tiddlers[t].status && tiddlers[t].status.trim().length && tiddlers[t].status.substr(0,7)!="skipped") count++;
// generate a report
if (count && config.options.chkImportReport) {
// get/create the report tiddler
var theReport = store.getTiddler('ImportedTiddlers');
if (!theReport) { theReport= new Tiddler(); theReport.title = 'ImportedTiddlers'; theReport.text = ""; }
// format the report content
var now = new Date();
var newText = "On "+now.toLocaleString()+", "+config.options.txtUserName
newText +=" imported "+count+" tiddler"+(count==1?"":"s")+" from\n[["+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+"|"+config.macros.importTiddlers.src+"]]:\n";
if (config.macros.importTiddlers.addTags && config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags.trim().length)
newText += "imported tiddlers were tagged with: \""+config.macros.importTiddlers.newTags+"\"\n";
newText += "<<<\n";
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++) if (tiddlers[t].status) newText += "#[["+tiddlers[t].title+"]] - "+tiddlers[t].status+"\n";
newText += "<<<\n";
// update the ImportedTiddlers content and show the tiddler
theReport.text = newText+((theReport.text!="")?'\n----\n':"")+theReport.text;
theReport.modifier = config.options.txtUserName;
theReport.modified = new Date();
store.saveTiddler(theReport.title, theReport.title, theReport.text, theReport.modifier, theReport.modified, theReport.tags, theReport.fields);
if (!quiet) { story.displayTiddler(null,theReport.title,1,null,null,false); story.refreshTiddler(theReport.title,1,true); }
}
// reset status flags
for (var t=0; t<config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound.length; t++) config.macros.importTiddlers.inbound[t].status="";
// mark document as dirty and let display update as needed
if (count) { store.setDirty(true); store.notifyAll(); }
// always show final message when tiddlers were actually loaded
if (count) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.importedMsg.format([count,tiddlers.length,config.macros.importTiddlers.src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
}
//}}}
// // File and XMLHttpRequest I/O
//{{{
config.macros.importTiddlers.fileExists=function(theFile) {
var found=false;
// DEBUG: alert('testing fileExists('+theFile+')...');
if(window.Components) {
try { netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect"); }
catch(e) { return false; } // security access denied
var file = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"].createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile);
try { file.initWithPath(theFile); }
catch(e) { return false; } // invalid directory
found = file.exists();
}
else { // use ActiveX FSO object for MSIE
var fso = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
found = fso.FileExists(theFile)
}
// DEBUG: alert(theFile+" "+(found?"exists":"not found"));
return found;
}
config.macros.importTiddlers.loadRemoteFile = function(src,callback,quiet) {
if (src==undefined || !src.length) return null; // filename is required
if (!quiet) clearMessage();
if (!quiet) displayMessage(this.openMsg.format([src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
if (src.substr(0,5)!="http:" && src.substr(0,5)!="file:") { // if src is relative (i.e., not a URL)
if (!this.fileExists(src)) { // if file cannot be found, might be relative path.. try fixup
var pathPrefix=document.location.href; // get current document path and trim off filename
var slashpos=pathPrefix.lastIndexOf("/"); if (slashpos==-1) slashpos=pathPrefix.lastIndexOf("\\");
if (slashpos!=-1 && slashpos!=pathPrefix.length-1) pathPrefix=pathPrefix.substr(0,slashpos+1);
src=pathPrefix+src;
if (pathPrefix.substr(0,5)!="http:") src=getLocalPath(src);
}
}
if (src.substr(0,5)!="http:" && src.substr(0,5)!="file:") { // if not a URL, read from local filesystem
var txt=loadFile(src);
if ((txt==null)||(txt==false)) // file didn't load
{ if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.openErrMsg.format([src.replace(/%20/g," "),"(filesystem error)"])); }
else {
if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.readMsg.format([txt.length,src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
if (callback) callback(true,quiet,convertUTF8ToUnicode(txt),src,null);
}
}
else {
var xhr=loadRemoteFile(src,callback,quiet);
if (!quiet && !xhr) displayMessage(config.macros.importTiddlers.openErrMsg.format([src,"(XMLHTTPRequest error)"]));
}
}
config.macros.importTiddlers.readTiddlersFromHTML=function(html)
{
var remoteStore=new TiddlyWiki();
remoteStore.importTiddlyWiki(html);
return remoteStore.getTiddlers("title");
}
//}}}
This tiddler incorporates the ImportedTiddlers tiddler that is automatically created by the ImportTiddlersPlugin macro, and that provides a cumulativee log of tiddlers imported from other TiddyWiki pages.
<<tiddler ImportedTiddlers>>'
On Friday, January 11, 2008 2:42:44 PM, Webster imported 1 tiddler from
[[http://www.tiddlytools.com/|http://www.tiddlytools.com/]]:
<<<
#[[DisableWikiLinksPlugin]] - replaces DisableWikiLinksPlugin - 1/11/2008 14:39:57 by Webster
<<<
----
On Monday, December 03, 2007 6:50:23 PM, Webster imported 3 tiddlers from
[[T:\un-documents.net\ipcc-ar4\spm.htm|T:\un-documents.net\ipcc-ar4\spm.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Figure 1.1a. Changes in global average surface temperature]] - renamed from Figure 1a. Changes in global average surface temperature
#[[Figure 1.1b. Changes in global average sea level]] - renamed from Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level
#[[Figure 1.1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover]] - renamed from Figure 1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover
<<<
----
On Monday, December 03, 2007 3:10:05 PM, Webster imported 3 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Agenda 21]] - added
#[[Agenda 21: Preamble]] - added
#[[Convention on Biological Diversity]] - added
<<<
----
On Monday, November 26, 2007 9:02:46 PM, Webster imported 18 tiddlers from
[[http://www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-spm/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-spm/]]:
<<<
#[[BlockQuotes]] - added
#[[BulletPoints]] - added
#[[CustomCssClass]] - added
#[[EmbeddedImages]] - added
#[[ExtendedFormatting]] - added
#[[HorizontalRules]] - added
#[[HtmlEntities]] - added
#[[MonospacedText]] - added
#[[NonWikiWordLinks]] - added
#[[NumberedBulletPoints]] - added
#[[PeriodicTable]] - added
#[[PlainText]] - added
#[[PluginFormatting]] - added
#[[PrettyLinks]] - added
#[[SubHeadings]] - added
#[[Tables]] - added
#[[TiddlerComments]] - added
#[[WikiWordEscape]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.24 - Saturday, November 24 9:23:03 AM, Webster imported 4 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-spm\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-spm\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Blue Ribbon snippet]] - added
#[[SiteTitle]] - replaces SiteTitle - 11/19/2007 15:44:00 by Webster
#[[Template snippets]] - replaces Template snippets - 9/22/2007 16:03:00 by Webster
#[[3. Projected climate change and its impacts]] - replaces 3. Projected climate change and its impacts - 11/19/2007 19:24:00 by Webster
<<<
----
On 2007.11.24 - Saturday, November 24 9:21:57 AM, Webster imported 12 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-spm\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-spm\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] - replaces Figure 7: Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming - 11/19/2007 14:04:00 by Webster
#[[Figure 6 bis: Global and continental temperature change & Earthatlas]] - replaces Figure 6 bis: Global and continental temperature change & Earthatlas - 11/20/2007 19:01:00 by Webster
#[[Synthesis for Policy Makers: Table of Contents]] - replaces Synthesis for Policy Makers: Table of Contents - 11/20/2007 11:06:00 by Webster
#[[Bookmark This!]] - added
#[[Fig 3 rev]] - added
#[[Administrative Menu]] - replaces Administrative Menu - 11/20/2007 11:51:00 by Webster
#[[MainMenu]] - replaces MainMenu - 11/20/2007 18:43:00 by Webster
#[[3.B]] - replaces 3.B - 11/19/2007 20:31:00 by Webster
#[[3.b Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in the global climate system during the 21st century that would very likely be larger than those observed during the 20th century]] - added
#[[Table 1: Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]] - added
#[[Figure 3: Global anthropogenic GHG emissions]] - replaces Figure 3: Global anthropogenic GHG emissions - 11/19/2007 13:27:00 by Webster
#[[3.a There is high agreement and much evidence that with current climate change mitigation policies and related sustainable development practices, global GHG emissions will continue to grow over the next few decades]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.24 - Saturday, November 24 9:19:40 AM, Webster imported 6 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-spm\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-spm\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Figure 7a Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] - added
#[[Figure 7a.1 Examples of impacts: Water]] - added
#[[Figure 7a.2 Examples of impacts: Ecosystems]] - added
#[[Figure 7a.3 Examples of impacts: Food]] - added
#[[Figure 7a.4 Examples of impacts: Coasts]] - added
#[[Figure 7a.5 Examples of impacts: Health]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 5:46:50 PM, Webster imported 17 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[B.1. Observational evidence from all continents and most oceans shows that many natural systems are being affected by regional climate changes, particularly temperature increases (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[B.2. A global assessment of data since 1970 has shown it is likely that anthropogenic warming has had a discernible influence on many physical and biological systems (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[B.3. Other effects of regional climate changes on natural and human environments are emerging, although many are difficult to discern due to adaptation and non-climatic drivers (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.1 Fresh water resources and their management (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.10 Europe (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.11 Latin America (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.12 North America (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.13 Polar Regions (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.14 Small Islands (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.2 Ecosystems (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.3 Food, fibre and forest products (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.4 Coastal systems and low-lying areas (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.5 Industry, Settlement and Society (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.6 Health (ar4-wg2-spm}]] - added
#[[C.7 Africa (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.8 Asia (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C.9 Australia and New Zealand (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 5:45:42 PM, Webster imported 3 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[A. Introduction (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[B. Current knowledge about observed impacts of climate change on the natural and human environment (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
#[[C. Current knowledge about future impacts (ar4-wg2-spm)]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 5:44:25 PM, Webster imported 2 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Climate Change 2007: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Summary for Policy Makers]] - added
#[[Figure SPM-1]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 5:28:58 PM, Webster imported 8 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Climate Change 2.0]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - A Holistic Approach]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - An Open Demonstration Project]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - Elements]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - Information Ecology of Climate Change]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - Principles]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - Renewing the Earth]] - added
#[[Climate Change 2.0 - Talking Points]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 4:01:35 AM, Webster imported 2 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-wg2-spm\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\ar4-wg2-spm\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Working Group II, Figure SPM-1, Notes]] - added
#[[Working Group II. Figure SPM-1: Temperature Change, 1970-2004]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 2:28:27 AM, Webster imported 1 tiddler from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[Confronting Climate Change]] - added
<<<
----
On 2007.11.19 - Monday, November 19 2:14:15 AM, Webster imported 10 tiddlers from
[[T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm|T:\climate-change-two.net\index.htm]]:
<<<
#[[AR3-Synthesis: Nine policy-relevant questions]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 1]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 2]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 3]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 4]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 5]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 6]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 7]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 8]] - added
#[[IPCC AR3: Question 9]] - added
<<<
!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
> Increasing the average temperature tends to shift the distribution of daily conditions, and this generally leads to a greatly increased likelihood of exceeding a health-threshold temperature for a day or sequence of days. Because relative humidity tends to remain about the same, increased temperature leads to a higher absolute humidity and therefore a much higher heat (or discomfort) index. The 2003 European heat wave provided an early indication of the type of event that could become more prevalent.
!!Expected Environmental Consequences
> Ecosystems are generally most affected by extreme conditions, so an increased frequency of occurrence of high temperatures can create levels of stress that weaken and kill off susceptible flora and fauna. In the oceans, excessively high ocean-water temperatures contribute to coral bleaching, and geological and biogeochemical conditions are such that coral cannot simply relocate to cooler, higher-latitude waters.
!!Likely Societal Significance
> As the average temperature rises, temperature and humidity thresholds of importance to human health will be more and more frequently exceeded, requiring much more aggressive measures to limit illness and death, and more frequent restriction of outdoor activities. Globally, warmer temperatures tend to increase the survival rates of disease vectors, exacerbating the occurrence of vector-borne disease unless more aggressive preventative measures are taken.
''Information ecology'' is a holistic life science for a knowledge-based universe - based on the concept of information and information systems as evolving life forms whose behaviour can best be understood by considering the nature and dynamics of information ecosystems in conjunction with an appreciation of the fundamental nature and properties of information and of a knowledge-based universe and the premise of the existence of 'one light in all of creation'.
!!Properties of information
Information has:
* has zero mass
* has zero physical size
* takes virtually zero time to travel
* enables common access to properties of the whole
!!Principles of information
* value is enhanced by intelligent organization
* flow is enhanced by intelligent networks
* management is enhanced by intelligent protocols
* understanding is enhanced by intelligent practice
From the perspective of economics, the virtually zero marginal cost of information has profound significance, and, in conjunction with the progressive evolution of information and communications technology has given rise to the accelerating development and adoption of open source software, the emergence of a rapidly-growing information commons in the broader context of a cascading global transition to a knowledge-based universe.
This transition represents no less than an inexorable and progressive transition to a profound new, stable ''Nash equilibrium'' for economic behaviour in which the intelligent adoption of information systems and strategies is the critical factor, accompanied by the emergence of a radically new form of ''free market economics'' for information in which the free exchange of information is free of monetary constraints.
The concept of "information ecology" has been gaining increasing recognition and usage - e.g. see <<wikipedia "Information ecology">> in Wikipedia. The framework for information ecology that underlies TiddlyPerfect has been progressively developed by [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]], an Non-Governmental Organization in Special Consultative Status with the UN Economic and Social Council, in the course of Information Habitat's support and promotion of broad-based participation and access to and exchnage of information in the series of UN global conferences beginning with preparations for the 1992 Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. through the 1996 Habitat II conference in Istanbul and in the follow-up to these and related conferences.
> From [[Towards Earth Summit II: Recommendations for Actions and Commitments at Earth Summit II|http://habitat.igc.org/csdngo/1997/es2ngo1.html]], June 1997
!!!Information Ecology
''We call for'': A major commitment to analyze and explore the opportunities and implications of the rapidly evolving "information and communication ecosystem" and to identify critical information ecology issues relating to sustainability. We call for the design and establishment of, and support for participatory enabling environments - from community and interlocal networks to national and global frameworks - within which information and communications technologies, systems and processes - including traditional and non-electronic forms - can facilitate a transition to more open, equitable and sustainable communities and society.
''Implementation'': The Commission on Sustainable Development - CSD - should convene an Ad Hoc, Open-Ended Working Group on Information Ecology - with participation of non-governmental organizations as well as of member states and from within United Nations agencies, programmes and centres. The mandate of the Working Group should include the following:
* to conduct a systematic review of the opportunities and implications for sustainability and equity of an ecologically sound approach to information flow;
* to identify and address critical sustainability issues from a whole systems, full life-cycle costs, perspective regarding the transition from a predominantly material to an increasingly digital economy - including resource and capital cost implications.
* to examine the development of effective mechanisms to support access to and transfer of ecologically and socially sound technologies;
* to identify and address actual and prospective, direct and indirect economic, cultural, social and environmental impacts of the introduction of information technology;
* to consider how information and communication technology can be used to strengthen effective community-based, participatory planning, decision-making and implementation processes relating to sustainability and equitable development, focussing on the use of information exchange mechanisms that are accessible at a grassroots level;
* to examine the destabilizing potentials of modern information, communication and automation technologies, and to develop provisions to prevent the undermining of traditional and sustainable cultures and practices, or the jeopardizing of human, economic, social cultural and political rights;
* to undertake an examination of the evolving information ecosystem in terms of equitable access to information in the North and the South, addressing intellectual property rights, trends towards concentration of ownership and control in information and communication technology and electronic media, access to information and communication infrastructure, and democratic, participatory processes, rights and freedoms;
* to review, in the light of the rapidly increasing proportion of capital formation that is in the realm of intellectual property, and the need for development strategies that enable access to information and communication infrastructure as a critical means of enabling access to resources;
* to set in process the design of a comprehensive sustainability information and communication environment. This should be designed to facilitate partnership-based integrative coordination of monitoring and implementation of the agreements of the "Rio cluster" series of global conferences;
''Rationale'': The evolution of information and communication technology - the progressive emergence of an "information age" - has been dramatic in the five years since the first Earth Summit. The integrative power of information technology is increasingly clear, as is its progressively growing capacity to model and map the properties of whole systems, however, the pursuit of a specific trend in technology can become unsustainable. Meanwhile, the increasing scale and role of information and communication technology in the global economy and the increasing impact of automation, the rapid growth in both access and inequities in access confirm that the implications of information technology extend far beyond the role envisioned in [[Chapter 40 of Agenda 21 |http://www.un-documents.net/a21-40.htm]] as a support system for decision-makers and require comprehensive re-assessment by the CSD.
''Information Habitat: Where Information Lives'' - an ''NGO in Consultative Status with the United Nations Economic and Social Council'' - was founded in May 1990 in the context of preparations for the 1992 Earth Summit, held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Information Habitat has focused on the transformative opportunties of information and communications technology (ICT) in support of broad-based participation of ~NGOs in the work of the United Nations, and the critical role of ICT in offering a path towards sustainable development.
For more information on Information Habitat, visit http://www.information-habitat.net
The principal focus of the ''Information and Communications ~Sub-Committee'' of the [[NGO Committee on Education]] has been the development and implementation of a [[Creative Commons]], [[Free and Open Source]] collaborative learning framework designed to mobilize the powers and freedoms of an evolving knowledge-based universe
!! Membership
''Chair''
* [[Robert Pollard]], [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]]
''Members''
* [[Daphne Cohen]], [[International Humanist and Ethical Union]]
* [[Joe Friendly]], [[Truth for a Change]]
* [[Avy Gonzales]], [[Tutor.com]]
* [[Judith Lantigua]], [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]]
* [[Kathleen Quain]], [[Foundation for Health and the Environment]]
* [[Charles Vasquez]], [[Pace University]]
''Ex-officio Members''
* [[Faye Feller|Faye C. Feller]], [[National Association of Women for the Arts]]
* [[Diane Paravazian]], [[World Association of Girl Guides & Girl Scouts]]
''Strategic Partners''
* [[Dolly Nielsen]], [[Metro City Media ]]
* [[Marc Wishengrad]], [[Healing World Foundation]]
''Senior Advisors''
* [[Barbara Ann O'Leary]], [[Authenticity]]
* [[Anthony Judge]], [[Union of International Associations]] (retired)
!! Web sites
* [[NGO Committee on Education]] - [[www.ngo-education.net/|http://www.ngo-education.net/]]
** [[Education, Youth & Technology for Sustainable Development]] - [[www.ngo-education.net/workshop/|http://www.ngo-education.net/workshop/]]
* [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]] - [[www.un-documents.net/|http://www.un-documents.net/]]
** [[Our Common Future]] - [[www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm|http://www.un-documents.net/wced-ocf.htm]]
* [[Climate Change 2.0]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/]]
** [[The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks/]]
** [[Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/stern-review/|http://www.climate-changetwo.net/stern-review/]]
** [[Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble: Plan B 2.1 (beta)]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/plan-b/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/plan-b/]]
** [[Climate Change Summer]] - [[www.climate-change-summer.net/|http://www.climate-change-summer.net/]]
** [[Peace Caucus: The Wild Cards in Climate Change]] - [[www.peacecaucus.net/|http://www.peacecaucus.net/]]
* [[TiddlyWikiPerfect: An emerging hybrid information species]] - [[www.tiddlywikiperfect.net/|http://www.tiddlywikiperfect.net/]]
* [[Gandhi-King Season for Nonviolence]] - [[www.gandhi-king-season.net/|http://www.gandhi-king-season.net/]]
* [[Seasons of Peace Cooperation Circles]] - [[www.seasons-of-peace.net/|http://www.seasons-of-peace.net/]]
* [[Twin Light & Colour Cubes]] - [[www.peace-cubes.net/|http://www.peace-cubes.net/]]
!! ''E-mail lists''
** [[ngo-education@googlegroups.com]]
** [[climate-chsnge-two@googlegroups.com]]
** [[ngo-networking@googlegroups.com]]
** [[information-ecology@yahoogroups.com]]
A central concept in [[Climate Change 2.0]] is a focus on climate change //information ecosystems// - a focus that has grown out of the evolving holistic discipline of [[information ecology|Information ecology]] as developed and practiced by [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]] in the course of participation of [[NGOs|Non-governmental organizations]] in the work of the United Nations, beginning with the early stages of preparation for the 1992 Earth Summit and based on an appreciation of the.
Information ecology has been conceived as a holistic, ecological life science based on observation of the nature and properties of an information- and knowledge-based universe that is perceived and understood as a multi-level "nested" and networked ecosystem.
In the science of ecology, the key components of ecosystems are specimens, species and habitats, within which food and food chain, territory, behaviour, intelligence, adaptability, evolution, and relationships are key elements and processes. In an information ecosystem, the corresponding components are [[information specimens|Information specimens]], [[information species|Information species]] and [[information habitats|Information habitats]]; information - specimens, species and habitats - forms the basis of food and food chains and the same key elements and processes in ecology are also relevant.
A vital distinction between information ecosystems and "real world" ecosystems derives from key "zero-based' properties of information. Specifically:
* Information has zero mass;
* Information has zero physical size.
Historically the behaviour of information specimens had been constrained by the material properties of information habitats - e.g. libraries, books, etc. - however, through progressive advances in information and communications technology,
* Information can travel in virtually zero time.
By virtue of its zero mass and zero physical size, and the unfolding powers of information technology. the behaviour of information is essentially free from the constraints of the laws of conservation of mass and energy, and the marginal cost of reproducing information is virtually zero. The economic implications of the //zero marginal cost// of information are profound.
Any entity, process, structure or phenomenon that exists can be represented as an information specimen and a member of one or more information species. A preliminary framework is under development of a [[taxonomy of information species]], in a framework modeled on the Linnaean taxonomy.
In an information ecosystem:
* An information specimen is also an information habitat
** As an information habitat, it contains one or information specimens - including the specimen's relationships with other information specimens and information habitats. //Examples// +++
* ''Business card'': Your business cards - and those you collect from colleagues, associates, clients, etc. - are information specimens, each of which serves as a habitat for a set of information specimens such as: name, role, affiliation, a logo, address, phone & fax numbers, email address and URL. The business card as a habitat also contains a relationship with memories of the "human information specimen" - person who is rep[resented by the business card.
* ''Climate Change 2007: Fourth Assessment Report'': This example of a far more complex nested information specimen - the consideration, analysis, treatment and morphology of which play a key role in [[Climate Change 2.0]] - contains the reports of each of the three IPCC Working Groups and a Synthesis Report, with each Report contains a cover page. authors, editors, bibliographic information, "front matter", chapters, annexes, etc; each chapter in turn contains multiple sections, that in turn contain paragraphs, sentences, figures - photos, charts, maps, etc - tables, boxes, footnotes, references, each of which in turn contains information specimens - consider, for example the authors, maps, charts or references - and on and on. The relationships of the Fourth Assessment Report include an extensive set of prior relationships with the previous three assessment reports from the IPCC, that in turn embody relationships with a myriad of observations and measurements of geophysical, biological, economic and social phenomena observations and measurements of climate change, observations and measurements that in turn See [[Anatomy of Climate Change 2007]] for more details.
* ''A smile'': An easier example?
===
* Each information specimen "lives" within one or more [[information habitats]]
* The smallest information specimen is the empty, or null specimen - that can also be described as the ''singular information specimen''.
//{{{
config.formatters.unshift( {
name: "inlinesliders",
match: "\\+\\+\\+\\+|\\<slider",
lookaheadRegExp: /(?:\+\+\+\+|<slider) (\w*)(?:>?)\n((?:.|\n)*?)\n(?:====|<\/slider>)/mg,
handler: function(w)
{
this.lookaheadRegExp.lastIndex = w.matchStart;
var lookaheadMatch = this.lookaheadRegExp.exec(w.source)
if(lookaheadMatch && lookaheadMatch.index == w.matchStart )
{
var btn = createTiddlyButton(w.output,lookaheadMatch[1] + " "+"\u00BB",lookaheadMatch[1],this.onClickSlider,"button sliderButton");
var panel = createTiddlyElement(w.output,"div",null,"sliderPanel");
panel.style.display = "none";
wikify(lookaheadMatch[2],panel);
w.nextMatch = lookaheadMatch.index + lookaheadMatch[0].length;
}
},
onClickSlider : function(e)
{
if(!e) var e = window.event;
var n = this.nextSibling;
n.style.display = (n.style.display=="none") ? "block" : "none";
return false;
}
})
//}}}
> From [[Towards Earth Summit II: Recommendations for Actions and Commitments at Earth Summit II|http://habitat.igc.org/csdngo/1997/es2ngo1.html]], June 1997
!!!Integrated Monitoring Frameworks
''We call for'': The establishment through DPCSD (now the Department of Economic and Social Affairs) of an integrated comprehensive framework - making effective use of modern information and communications technology - for systematic monitoring of the implementation of all the Rio agreements as well as the agreements of the other recent global conferences.
* Information that the UN has available at web-sites and other new information technologies should be made accessible to the public on a no-cost basis
* The development of indicators and criteria shall in no way undermine obligations incurred under treaties, covenants conventions or commitments made in conference action plans.
''Implementation'':
* Develop a comprehensive framework - to be accessible online - to enable the systematic monitoring and implementation of the agreements of the "Rio cluster" of United Nations conferences and proceedings;
* develop an integrated, fully searchable database that incorporates the text of all these agreements, that documents initiatives - including best practices - taken by intergovernmental agencies, governments and major groups, and that incorporates data and indicators that can help show current status and trends towards sustainability;
* the use of geographic information systems as a tool to assist in organizing and integrating information on measures; and
* measures to support capacity-building in the use of information and communications technology - including the strengthening of information and communications infrastructure in developing countries
''Rationale'': There is currently no systematic framework in place by which it is possible to assess and monitor the extent and specifics of implementation of the Rio agreements. Modern information and communications technology offers a range of powerful tools to organize and integrate a broad base of diverse information, and to make it widely accessible. There are many areas of overlap between the Rio agreements and the other "Rio cluster" agreements - all of which, in one way or another relate to the attainment of a sustainable common future - so there is a need for an integrated process of monitoring implementation of the whole set of agreements.
/***
|//Name://|~IntelliTaggerPlugin|
|//Version://|1.0.0 |
|//Date:// |26 April 2006 - 2006-04-26|
|//Tags://|tagging intellitagger plugin 'abego software' intelligence 'key words'|
|//Type://|plugin|
|//Source://|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#IntelliTaggerPlugin|
|//Author://|Udo Borkowski (ub [at] abego-software [dot] de)|
|//Documentation://|[[IntelliTaggerPlugin Documentation|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/doc/IntelliTagger.pdf]] (pdf)|
|//Source Code://|[[IntelliTaggerPlugin SourceCode|[http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#IntelliTaggerPlugin SourceCode]]|
|//Licence://|[[BSD open source license (abego Software)|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#BSD open source license (abego Software)]]|
|//~TiddlyWiki://|Version 2.0.8 or better|
|//Browser://|Firefox 1.5.0.2 or better|
***/
// /%
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color=\"red\">abego</font></b> Software<font>";}}};})();config.shadowTiddlers["IntelliTaggerStyleSheet"]="/***\n"+"!~IntelliTagger Stylesheet\n"+"***/\n"+"/*{{{*/\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions {\n"+"\tposition: absolute;\n"+"\twidth: 600px;\n"+"\n"+"\tpadding: 2px;\n"+"\tlist-style: none;\n"+"\tmargin: 0;\n"+"\n"+"\tbackground: #eeeeee;\n"+"\tborder: 1px solid DarkGray;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .currentTag {\n"+"\tfont-weight: bold;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .suggestionNumber {\n"+"\tcolor: #808080;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .numberedSuggestion{\n"+"\twhite-space: nowrap;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .intelliTaggerFooter {\n"+"\tmargin-top: 4px;\n"+"\tborder-top-width: thin;\n"+"\tborder-top-style: solid;\n"+"\tborder-top-color: #999999;\n"+"}\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .favorites {\n"+"\tborder-bottom-width: thin;\n"+"\tborder-bottom-style: solid;\n"+"\tborder-bottom-color: #999999;\n"+"\tpadding-bottom: 2px;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .normalTags {\n"+"\tpadding-top: 2px;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".intelliTaggerSuggestions .intelliTaggerFooter .button {\n"+"\tfont-size: 10px;\n"+"\n"+"\tpadding-left: 0.3em;\n"+"\tpadding-right: 0.3em;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+"/*}}}*/\n";config.shadowTiddlers["IntelliTaggerMainTemplate"]="<!--\n"+"{{{\n"+"-->\n"+"<div class=\"favorites\" macro=\"intelliTagger action: showFavorites\"></div>\n"+"<div class=\"normalTags\" macro=\"intelliTagger action: showTags\"></div>\n"+"<!-- The Footer (with the Navigation) ============================================ -->\n"+"<table class=\"intelliTaggerFooter\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody>\n"+" <tr>\n"+"\t<td align=\"left\">\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"intelliTagger action: closeButton\"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+"\t<td align=\"right\">\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"intelliTagger action: version\"></span>, <span macro=\"intelliTagger action: copyright \"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+" </tr>\n"+"</tbody></table>\n"+"<!--\n"+"}}}\n"+"-->\n";config.shadowTiddlers["IntelliTaggerEditTagsTemplate"]="<!--\n"+"{{{\n"+"-->\n"+"<div class='toolbar' macro='toolbar +saveTiddler -cancelTiddler'></div>\n"+"<div class='title' macro='view title'></div>\n"+"<div class='tagged' macro='tags'></div>\n"+"<div class='viewer' macro='view text wikified'></div>\n"+"<div class='toolbar' macro='toolbar +saveTiddler -cancelTiddler'></div>\n"+"<div class='editor' macro='edit tags'></div><div class='editorFooter'><span macro='message views.editor.tagPrompt'></span><span macro='tagChooser'></span></div>\n"+"<!--\n"+"}}}\n"+"-->\n";config.shadowTiddlers["BSD open source license (abego Software)"]="See [[Licence|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D]].";config.shadowTiddlers["IntelliTaggerPlugin Documentation"]="[[Documentation on abego Software website|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/doc/IntelliTagger.pdf]].";config.shadowTiddlers["IntelliTaggerPlugin SourceCode"]="[[Plugin source code on abego Software website|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/src/Plugin-IntelliTagger-src.js]]";setStylesheet(store.getTiddlerText("IntelliTaggerStyleSheet"),"intelliTagger");}
//%/
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Warmer temperatures increase the rate of evaporation, bringing on soil moisture stress more rapidly and, if conditions persist, drought. With a greater percentage of rainfall coming in heavy events, runoff is faster and there is less time for recharging groundwater and soil moisture.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Warmer temperatures increase evapotranspiration, although the higher CO~~2~~ levels alleviate this somewhat. Low moisture conditions first weaken plants, making them more susceptible to pests, desiccation, and wildfire.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
With more and more people living (and vacationing) in fire-prone environments, increases in the intensity and duration of very dry conditions increase the likelihood and impacts of fire and of times when restrictions limit use and economic gain in these regions.
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Tropical cyclones generally form over subtropical waters warmer than about 27.5°C. Global warming will lengthen the period during which such oceanic conditions prevail, and diminish the subduing influence of mixing cooler waters upward. Increased concentrations of atmospheric water vapor will lead, on average, to stronger cyclones producing more rainfall, likely increasing overall destructive power. Indications of a number of these types of change appear to be emerging.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Higher rainfall rates will lead to greater flood potential, and, on average, more powerful winds will lead to higher storm surges and higher waves, causing more severe flooding, greater coastal inundation, and more destructive erosion.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
With coastal populations and development increasing, an increase in the duration during which tropical cyclones can form and an increase in their average power and duration will greatly compound the damage done and, unless evacuations are made more effective, the loss of life. Globally, storms of all types are likely to similarly intensify, leading to more intense periods of precipitation and, depending on local circumstances, greater flooding and loss of life.
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the web site of the [[Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change]].
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/assessments-reports.htm@@
<html><iframe
src = "http://www.ipcc.ch/ipccreports/assessments-reports.htm"
title = "Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change: Assessment Reports"
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
Welcome to an initial draft outline of a proposed chapter on Information Ecology of Climate Change, with the broader framework of [[Climate Change 2.0]]:
* perilous climate change, most evident, and most critical in terms of impact, of Arctic warming, inexplicabl6y omitted form Figure
* the information revolution: the phenomenal growth of information and information systems, accompanied by the continuing emergence and rapid evolution of a multitude of information species, including an abundance of powerful free tools and resources, and increasingly coherent information ecosystems and habitats, particulalry those of open source and creative commons varieties. Not only have
* Common consciousness:
, and the mergernce
new forms of intelligence that : h Climate Change 2.0
Drawing on the intelligence of a knowledge-based universe to address the climate change crisis
[[NGO Framework for Climate Change Action]]'' for followup to the [[NGO/DPI Declaration on Climate Change]] from the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]]
Information Ecology Framework for Climate Change Understanding and Action
A proposed element of an NGO Framework for Action based on the NGO/DPI Declaration on Climate Change
Jeffrey Huffines is //Chair// of the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]] and //UN Representative//, [[National Spiritual Assembly of the Baha'is of the US|http://www.bahai.us/]]
E-mail: [[jhuffines@ngodpiexecom.org|mailto:jhuffines@ngodpiexecom.org]]
Joan Kirby is the previous //Chair// of the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]].
Ms Kirby has represented the [[Temple of Understanding|http://www.templeofunderstanding.org]] at the UN since April 2000 where her focus has been on sustainable development financing for development and children in armed conflict. From 1994 until 2000, she was the Executive Director of the Temple of Understanding where she developed educational interfaith programmes for people of different religious traditions.
Ms Kirby served as //Secretary// for the NGO Committee on Human Rights and is the //~Vice-President// of the Committee of Religious ~NGOs at the UN where she works with the ~Tri-Partite Forum for Interfaith Cooperation for Peace. She was //Chair// of the DPI/NGO Conference in September 2004: The Millennium Development Goals: Civil Society Takes Action.
Joan Kirby is a national of the United States.
!!!From our origins to the future
1. We, the representatives of the peoples of the world, assembled at the World Summit on Sustainable Development in Johannesburg, South Africa, from 2 to 4 September 2002, reaffirm our commitment to sustainable development.
2. We commit ourselves to building a humane, equitable and caring global society, cognizant of the need for human dignity for all.
3. At the beginning of this Summit, the children of the world spoke to us in a simple yet clear voice that the future belongs to them, and accordingly challenged all of us to ensure that through our actions they will inherit a world free of the indignity and indecency occasioned by poverty, environmental degradation and patterns of unsustainable development.
4. As part of our response to these children, who represent our collective future, all of us, coming from every corner of the world, informed by different life experiences, are united and moved by a deeply felt sense that we urgently need to create a new and brighter world of hope.
5. Accordingly, we assume a collective responsibility to advance and strengthen the interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars of sustainable development - economic development, social development and environmental protection - at the local, national, regional and global levels.
6. From this continent, the cradle of humanity, we declare, through the [[Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm]] and the present Declaration, our responsibility to one another, to the greater community of life and to our children.
7. Recognizing that humankind is at a crossroads, we have united in a common resolve to make a determined effort to respond positively to the need to produce a practical and visible plan to bring about poverty eradication and human development.
!!!From Stockholm to Rio de Janeiro to Johannesburg
8. Thirty years ago, in Stockholm, we agreed on the urgent need to respond to the problem of environmental deterioration.^^[[1|Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment]]^^ Ten years ago, at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in Rio de Janeiro, we agreed that the protection of the environment and social and economic development are fundamental to sustainable development, based on the Rio Principles. To achieve such development, we adopted the global programme entitled [[Agenda 21]] and the [[Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]], to which we reaffirm our commitment. The Rio Conference was a significant milestone that set a new agenda for sustainable development.
9. Between Rio and Johannesburg, the world's nations have met in several major conferences under the auspices of the United Nations, including the International Conference on Financing for Development, as well as the Doha Ministerial Conference. These conferences defined for the world a comprehensive vision for the future of humanity.
10. At the Johannesburg Summit, we have achieved much in bringing together a rich tapestry of peoples and views in a constructive search for a common path towards a world that respects and implements the vision of sustainable development. The Johannesburg Summit has also confirmed that significant progress has been made towards achieving a global consensus and partnership among all the people of our planet.
!!!The challenges we face
11. We recognize that poverty eradication, changing consumption and production patterns and protecting and managing the natural resource base for economic and social development are overarching objectives of and essential requirements for sustainable development.
12. The deep fault line that divides human society between the rich and the poor and the ever-increasing gap between the developed and developing worlds pose a major threat to global prosperity, security and stability.
13. The global environment continues to suffer. Loss of biodiversity continues, fish stocks continue to be depleted, desertification claims more and more fertile land, the adverse effects of climate change are already evident, natural disasters are more frequent and more devastating, and developing countries more vulnerable, and air, water and marine pollution continue to rob millions of a decent life.
14. Globalization has added a new dimension to these challenges. The rapid integration of markets, mobility of capital and significant increases in investment flows around the world have opened new challenges and opportunities for the pursuit of sustainable development. But the benefits and costs of globalization are unevenly distributed, with developing countries facing special difficulties in meeting this challenge.
15. We risk the entrenchment of these global disparities and unless we act in a manner that fundamentally changes their lives the poor of the world may lose confidence in their representatives and the democratic systems to which we remain committed, seeing their representatives as nothing more than sounding brass or tinkling cymbals.
!!!Our commitment to sustainable development
16. We are determined to ensure that our rich diversity, which is our collective strength, will be used for constructive partnership for change and for the achievement of the common goal of sustainable development.
17. Recognizing the importance of building human solidarity, we urge the promotion of dialogue and cooperation among the world's civilizations and peoples, irrespective of race, disabilities, religion, language, culture or tradition.
18. We welcome the focus of the Johannesburg Summit on the indivisibility of human dignity and are resolved, through decisions on targets, timetables and partnerships, to speedily increase access to such basic requirements as clean water, sanitation, adequate shelter, energy, health care, food security and the protection of biodiversity. At the same time, we will work together to help one another gain access to financial resources, benefit from the opening of markets, ensure capacity- building, use modern technology to bring about development and make sure that there is technology transfer, human resource development, education and training to banish underdevelopment forever.
19. We reaffirm our pledge to place particular focus on, and give priority attention to, the fight against the worldwide conditions that pose severe threats to the sustainable development of our people, which include: chronic hunger; malnutrition; foreign occupation; armed conflict; illicit drug problems; organized crime; corruption; natural disasters; illicit arms trafficking; trafficking in persons; terrorism; intolerance and incitement to racial, ethnic, religious and other hatreds; xenophobia; and endemic, communicable and chronic diseases, in particular HIV/AIDS, malaria and tuberculosis.
20. We are committed to ensuring that women's empowerment, emancipation and gender equality are integrated in all the activities encompassed within [[Agenda 21]], the [[Millennium Development Goals]] and the [[Plan of Implementation of the Summit|http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm]].
21. We recognize the reality that global society has the means and is endowed with the resources to address the challenges of poverty eradication and sustainable development confronting all humanity. Together, we will take extra steps to ensure that these available resources are used to the benefit of humanity.
22. In this regard, to contribute to the achievement of our development goals and targets, we urge developed countries that have not done so to make concrete efforts reach the internationally agreed levels of official development assistance.
23. We welcome and support the emergence of stronger regional groupings and alliances, such as the [[New Partnership for Africa's Development|http://www.un-documents.net/nepad.htm]], to promote regional cooperation, improved international cooperation and sustainable development.
24. We shall continue to pay special attention to the developmental needs of small island developing States and the least developed countries.
25. We reaffirm the vital role of the indigenous peoples in sustainable development.
26. We recognize that sustainable development requires a long-term perspective and broad-based participation in policy formulation, decision-making and implementation at all levels. As social partners, we will continue to work for stable partnerships with all major groups, respecting the independent, important roles of each of them.
27. We agree that in pursuit of its legitimate activities the private sector, including both large and small companies, has a duty to contribute to the evolution of equitable and sustainable communities and societies.
28. We also agree to provide assistance to increase income-generating employment opportunities, taking into account the [[Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work|http://www.un-documents.net/dfprw.htm]] of the International Labour Organization.
29. We agree that there is a need for private sector corporations to enforce corporate accountability, which should take place within a transparent and stable regulatory environment.
30. We undertake to strengthen and improve governance at all levels for the effective implementation of [[Agenda 21]], the [[Millennium Development Goals]] and the [[Plan of Implementation of the Summit|http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm]].
!!!Multilateralism is the future
31. To achieve our goals of sustainable development, we need more effective, democratic and accountable international and multilateral institutions.
32. We reaffirm our commitment to the [[principles and purposes of the Charter of the United Nations|Purposes and Principles of the United Nations]] and international law, as well as to the strengthening of multilateralism. We support the leadership role of the United Nations as the most universal and representative organization in the world, which is best placed to promote sustainable development.
33. We further commit ourselves to monitor progress at regular intervals towards the achievement of our sustainable development goals and objectives.
!!!Making it happen!
34. We are in agreement that this must be an inclusive process, involving all the major groups and Governments that participated in the historic Johannesburg Summit.
35. We commit ourselves to act together, united by a common determination to save our planet, promote human development and achieve universal prosperity and peace.
36. We commit ourselves to the [[Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm]] and to expediting the achievement of the time-bound, socio-economic and environmental targets contained therein.
37. From the African continent, the cradle of humankind, we solemnly pledge to the peoples of the world and the generations that will surely inherit this Earth that we are determined to ensure that our collective hope for sustainable development is realized.
Larry Winter Roeder, Jr., was selected as //Editor// for the [[Climate Change Sub-Committee]] of the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]]. Larry promoted the adoption of an [[NGO/DPI Declaration on Climate Change]]
Larry Roeder received an M.Sc. in Library Information Science, at Catholic University, Washington , with post graduate work in comparative economics). Larry retured from the US Department of State as Policy Adviser on Disaster Management with 35 years experience in conflict reduction, disaster management, information management, peace keeping, science and technology, economics, indigenous peoples, refugees, ~IDPs and human rights. He currently serves as Director for United Nations Affairs, [[World Society for the Protection of Animals|http://www.wspa.org/]] (WSPA). Managed creation of [[ReliefWeb.int|http://www.reliefweb.int]] after the Rwanda crisis (the UN's first major disaster web site) and received Superior Honor Award for fostering the [[Global Disaster Information Network|http://www.gdin.org/]] (GDIN), a web-based project developed with the office of Vice President Al Gore. Larry was a frequent author of articles and a former news anchor for international peacekeeping force in Sinai, Egypt. Larry is also an Honorary member of the Alegat tribe.
Email: [[lroeder@climatecaucus.net|lroeder@climatecaucus.net]]
Phone: 1.703.327.0057
/***
|''Name:''|LegacyStrikeThroughPlugin|
|''Description:''|Support for legacy (pre 2.1) strike through formatting|
|''Version:''|1.0.2|
|''Date:''|Jul 21, 2006|
|''Source:''|http://www.tiddlywiki.com/#LegacyStrikeThroughPlugin|
|''Author:''|MartinBudden (mjbudden (at) gmail (dot) com)|
|''License:''|[[BSD open source license]]|
|''CoreVersion:''|2.1.0|
***/
//{{{
// Ensure that the LegacyStrikeThrough Plugin is only installed once.
if(!version.extensions.LegacyStrikeThroughPlugin) {
version.extensions.LegacyStrikeThroughPlugin = {installed:true};
config.formatters.push(
{
name: "legacyStrikeByChar",
match: "==",
termRegExp: /(==)/mg,
element: "strike",
handler: config.formatterHelpers.createElementAndWikify
});
} //# end of "install only once"
//}}}
/***
|Name|LoadTiddlersPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LoadTiddlersPlugin|
|Version|3.4.8|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|macro for automated updates or one-click installations of tiddlers from remote sources|
!!!!!Usage
<<<
Syntax:
{{{<<loadTiddlers label:text prompt:text filter source quiet confirm force noreport tag tag tag...>>}}}
Example:
{{{<<loadTiddlers "label:load tiddlers from %0" example.html confirm temporary>>}}}
<<loadTiddlers "label:load tiddlers from %0" example.html confirm temporary>>
Where:
''"""label:text"""'' and ''"""prompt:text"""''
>defines link text and tooltip (prompt) that can be clicked to trigger the load tiddler processing. If a label is NOT provided, then no link is created and the loadTiddlers function is performed whenever the containing tiddler is rendered.
''filter'' (optional) determines which tiddlers will be automatically selected for importing. Use one of the following keywords:
>''"all"'' retrieves ALL tiddlers from the import source document, even if they have not been changed.
>''"new"'' retrieves only tiddlers that are found in the import source document, but do not yet exist in the destination document
>''"changes"'' retrieves only tiddlers that exist in both documents for which the import source tiddler is newer than the existing tiddler
>''"updates"'' retrieves both ''new'' and ''changed'' tiddlers (this is the default action when none is specified)
>''""""tiddler:TiddlerName""""'' retrieves only the specific tiddler named in the parameter.
>''""""tag:text""""'' retrieves only the tiddlers tagged with the indicated text.
>> Note: ''if an existing tiddler is tagged with 'noReload', then it will not be overwritten'', even if the inbound tiddler has been selected by the filtering process. This allows you to make local changes to imported tiddlers while ensuring that those changes won't be lost due to automatic tiddler updates retrieved from the import source document.
''source'' (required) is the location of the imported document. It can be either a local document path/filename in whatever format your system requires, or a remote web location (starting with "http://" or "https://")
>use the keyword ''ask'' to prompt for a source location whenever the macro is invoked
''"quiet"'' (optional)
>supresses all status message during the import processing (e.g., "opening local file...", "found NN tiddlers..." etc). Note that if ANY tiddlers are actualy imported, a final information message will still be displayed (along with the ImportedTiddlers report), even when 'quiet' is specified. This ensures that changes to your document cannot occur without any visible indication at all.
''"confirm"'' (optional)
>adds interactive confirmation. A browser message box (OK/Cancel) is displayed for each tiddler that will be imported, so that you can manually bypass any tiddlers that you do not want to import.
''"force"'' (optional)
>import all matching tiddlers, even if unchanged
''"noreport"'' (optional)
>suppress generation of [[ImportedTiddlers]] report
''"tag tag tag..."'' (optional)
>any remaining parameters are used as tag values to be added to each imported tiddler (i.e., "tag-on-import")
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
copy/paste the following tiddlers into your document:
''LoadTiddlersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.06.27 [3.4.8]'' added missing 'fields' params to saveTiddler() call. Fixes problem where importing tiddlers would lose the custom fields.
''2007.06.25 [3.4.7]'' add calls to store.suspendNotifications() and store.resumeNotifications() to eliminate redisplay overhead DURING import activities.
''2007.05.27 [3.4.6]'' in handler(), loadRemoteFile() and doImport(), added 'noreport' flag to suppress generation of ImportedTiddlers
''2007.05.27 [3.4.5]'' in handler(), initialize 'newTags' to [] (empty array) instead of null... fixes fatal error when loading tiddler without autotagging.
''2007.04.22 [3.4.4]'' in readTiddlersFromHTML(), for TW2.2 and above, use importTiddlyWiki() (new core functionality) to get tiddlers from remote file content. Also, copied updated TW21Loader.prototype.internalizeTiddler() definition from TW2.2b5 so plugin can read tiddlers from TW2.2+ even when running under TW2.1.x
''2007.04.05 [3.4.3]'' in doImport(), changed this.readTiddlersFromHTML(html) to config.macros.loadTiddlers.readTiddlersFromHTML(html). Fixes error caused when ImportTiddlersPlugin has NOT been installed along side this plugin.
''2007.03.26 [3.4.2]'' renamed import() to doImport() to fix IE load-time error ("identifier expected"). This may also cause a problem with FF1.5.0.x.... Apparently, "import" is a reserved word in some browsers...
''2007.03.22 [3.4.1]'' code cleanup: moved all functions inside object def'n, re-wrote report function
''2007.03.21 [3.4.0]'' split ImportTiddlersPlugin and LoadTiddlersPlugin functionality into separate plugins
|please see [[ImportTiddlersPluginHistory]] for additional revision details|
''2005.07.20 [1.0.0]'' Initial Release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]]
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
// // ''MACRO DEFINITION''
//{{{
// Version
version.extensions.loadTiddlers = {major: 3, minor: 4, revision: 8, date: new Date(2007,6,27)};
//{{{
config.macros.loadTiddlers = {
label: "",
prompt: "add/update tiddlers from '%0'",
lockedTag: "noReload", // if existing tiddler has this tag value, don't overwrite it, even if inbound tiddler is newer
askMsg: "Please enter a local path/filename or a remote URL",
openMsg: "Opening %0",
openErrMsg: "Could not open %0 - error=%1",
readMsg: "Read %0 bytes from %1",
foundMsg: "Found %0 tiddlers in %1",
nochangeMsg: "'%0' is up-to-date... skipped.",
lockedMsg: "'%0' is tagged '%1'... skipped.",
skippedMsg: "skipped (cancelled by user)",
loadedMsg: "Loaded %0 of %1 tiddlers from %2",
reportTitle: "ImportedTiddlers",
handler: function(place,macroName,params) {
var label=(params[0] && params[0].substr(0,6)=='label:')?params.shift().substr(6):this.label;
var prompt=(params[0] && params[0].substr(0,7)=='prompt:')?params.shift().substr(7):this.prompt;
var filter="updates";
if (params[0] && (params[0]=='all' || params[0]=='new' || params[0]=='changes' || params[0]=='updates'
|| params[0].substr(0,8)=='tiddler:' || params[0].substr(0,4)=='tag:'))
filter=params.shift();
var src=params.shift(); if (!src || !src.length) return; // filename is required
var quiet=(params[0]=="quiet"); if (quiet) params.shift();
var ask=(params[0]=="confirm"); if (ask) params.shift();
var force=(params[0]=="force"); if (force) params.shift();
var noreport=(params[0]=="noreport"); if (noreport) params.shift();
this.newTags=[]; if (params[0]) this.newTags=params; // any remaining params are used as "autotags"
if (label.trim().length) {
// link triggers load tiddlers from another file/URL and then applies filtering rules to add/replace tiddlers in the store
createTiddlyButton(place,label.format([src.replace(/%20/g," ")]),prompt.format([src.replace(/%20/g," ")]), function() {
if (src=="ask") src=prompt(this.askMsg);
config.macros.loadTiddlers.loadFile(src,config.macros.loadTiddlers.doImport,{quiet:quiet,ask:ask,filter:filter,force:force,noreport:noreport});
})
}
else {
// load tiddlers from another file/URL and then apply filtering rules to add/replace tiddlers in the store
if (src=="ask") src=prompt(this.askMsg);
config.macros.loadTiddlers.loadFile(src,config.macros.loadTiddlers.doImport,{quiet:quiet,ask:ask,filter:filter,force:force,noreport:noreport});
}
},
fileExists: function(theFile) {
var found=false;
// DEBUG: alert('testing fileExists('+theFile+')...');
if(window.Components) {
try { netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege("UniversalXPConnect"); }
catch(e) { return false; } // security access denied
var file = Components.classes["@mozilla.org/file/local;1"].createInstance(Components.interfaces.nsILocalFile);
try { file.initWithPath(theFile); }
catch(e) { return false; } // invalid directory
found = file.exists();
}
else { // use ActiveX FSO object for MSIE
var fso = new ActiveXObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject");
found = fso.FileExists(theFile)
}
// DEBUG: alert(theFile+" "+(found?"exists":"not found"));
return found;
},
loadFile: function(src,callback,params) {
var quiet=params.quiet;
if (src==undefined || !src.length) return null; // filename is required
if (!quiet) clearMessage();
if (!quiet) displayMessage(this.openMsg.format([src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
if (src.substr(0,5)!="http:" && src.substr(0,5)!="file:") { // if src is relative (i.e., not a URL)
if (!this.fileExists(src)) { // if file cannot be found, might be relative path.. try fixup
var pathPrefix=document.location.href; // get current document path and trim off filename
var slashpos=pathPrefix.lastIndexOf("/"); if (slashpos==-1) slashpos=pathPrefix.lastIndexOf("\\");
if (slashpos!=-1 && slashpos!=pathPrefix.length-1) pathPrefix=pathPrefix.substr(0,slashpos+1);
src=pathPrefix+src;
if (pathPrefix.substr(0,5)!="http:") src=getLocalPath(src);
}
}
if (src.substr(0,4)!="http" && src.substr(0,4)!="file") { // if not a URL, read from local filesystem
var txt=loadFile(src);
if ((txt==null)||(txt==false)) // file didn't load
{ if (!quiet) displayMessage(this.openErrMsg.format([src.replace(/%20/g," "),"(unknown)"])); }
else {
if (!quiet) displayMessage(this.readMsg.format([txt.length,src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
if (callback) callback(true,params,convertUTF8ToUnicode(txt),src,null);
}
}
else
loadRemoteFile(src,callback,params);
},
readTiddlersFromHTML: function(html) {
// for TW2.2+
if (TiddlyWiki.prototype.importTiddlyWiki!=undefined) {
var remoteStore=new TiddlyWiki();
remoteStore.importTiddlyWiki(html);
return remoteStore.getTiddlers("title");
}
},
doImport: function(status,params,html,src,xhr) {
var quiet=params.quiet;
var ask=params.ask;
var filter=params.filter;
var force=params.force;
var noreport=params.noreport;
var tiddlers = config.macros.loadTiddlers.readTiddlersFromHTML(html);
var count=tiddlers?tiddlers.length:0;
var querypos=src.lastIndexOf("?"); if (querypos!=-1) src=src.substr(0,querypos);
if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.loadTiddlers.foundMsg.format([count,src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
store.suspendNotifications();
var count=0;
if (tiddlers) for (var t=0;t<tiddlers.length;t++) {
var inbound = tiddlers[t];
var theExisting = store.getTiddler(inbound.title);
if (inbound.title==config.macros.loadTiddlers.reportTitle)
continue; // skip "ImportedTiddlers" history from the other document...
if (theExisting && theExisting.tags.contains(config.macros.loadTiddlers.lockedTag)) {
if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.loadTiddlers.lockedMsg.format([theExisting.title,config.macros.loadTiddlers.lockedTag]));
continue; // skip existing tiddler if tagged with 'noReload'
}
// apply the all/new/changes/updates filter (if any)
if (filter && filter!="all") {
if ((filter=="new") && theExisting) // skip existing tiddlers
continue;
if ((filter=="changes") && !theExisting) // skip new tiddlers
continue;
if ((filter.substr(0,4)=="tag:") && inbound.tags.find(filter.substr(4))==null) // must match specific tag value
continue;
if ((filter.substr(0,8)=="tiddler:") && inbound.title!=filter.substr(8)) // must match specific tiddler name
continue;
if (!force && store.tiddlerExists(inbound.title) && ((theExisting.modified.getTime()-inbound.modified.getTime())>=0))
{ if (!quiet) displayMessage(config.macros.loadTiddlers.nochangeMsg.format([inbound.title])); continue; }
}
// get confirmation if required
if (ask && !confirm((theExisting?"Update":"Add")+" tiddler '"+inbound.title+"'\nfrom "+src.replace(/%20/g," ")))
{ tiddlers[t].status=config.macros.loadTiddlers.skippedMsg; continue; }
// DO IT!
var tags=Array.concat(inbound.tags,config.macros.loadTiddlers.newTags);
store.saveTiddler(inbound.title, inbound.title, inbound.text, inbound.modifier, inbound.modified, tags, inbound.fields, true, inbound.created);
store.fetchTiddler(inbound.title).created = inbound.created; // force creation date to imported value - needed for TW2.1.3 or earlier
tiddlers[t].status=theExisting?"updated":"added"
count++;
}
store.resumeNotifications();
if (count) {
// refresh display
store.setDirty(true); store.notifyAll();
// generate a report
if (!noreport) config.macros.loadTiddlers.report(src,tiddlers,count,quiet);
}
// always show final message when tiddlers were actually loaded
if (!quiet||count) displayMessage(config.macros.loadTiddlers.loadedMsg.format([count,tiddlers.length,src.replace(/%20/g," ")]));
},
report: function(src,tiddlers,count,quiet) {
// format the new report content
var newText = "On "+(new Date()).toLocaleString()+", ";
newText += config.options.txtUserName+" loaded "+count+" tiddlers ";
newText += "from\n[["+src+"|"+src+"]]:\n";
newText += "<<<\n";
for (var t=0; t<tiddlers.length; t++)
if (tiddlers[t].status)
newText += "#[["+tiddlers[t].title+"]] - "+tiddlers[t].status+"\n";
newText += "<<<\n";
// get current report (if any)
var title=config.macros.loadTiddlers.reportTitle;
var currText="";
var theReport = store.getTiddler(title);
if (theReport) currText=((theReport.text!="")?'\n----\n':"")+theReport.text;
// update the ImportedTiddlers content and show the tiddler
store.saveTiddler(title, title, newText+currText, config.options.txtUserName, new Date(), theReport?theReport.tags:null, theReport?theReport.fields:null);
if (!quiet) { story.displayTiddler(null,title,1,null,null,false); story.refreshTiddler(title,1,true); }
}
}
//}}}
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Warming of about 1°C in the Arctic has already led to significant reduction of sea ice. As further warming melts more ice, the open ocean waters are able to absorb more solar radiation, accelerating and sustaining the melting, especially in summer, of sea ice, mountain glaciers, and the Greenland Ice Sheet.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Decreasing the period of ice cover increases summer storage of heat in the Arctic Ocean, providing the energy to keep the Arctic region warmer the rest of the year, and causing changes in atmospheric circulation and in winter weather at mid-latitudes. The shorter ice-in season and thinner ice adversely affects neighboring ecosystems and arctic wildlife such as polar bears and seals.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
Loss of arctic sea ice leads to substantial warming in the region, adversely affecting subsistence harvesting and allowing larger winter waves to erode shorelines. Increased maritime access will enhance trans-polar shipping and regional resource utilization.
[img[earthatlas-tn.jpg]]
[img[fig-06-tn.jpg]]
[[Table of Contents|Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers: Table of Contents]]
[[Fourth Assessment Report|Climate Change 2007: Fourth Assessment Report]] +++
[[Synthesis Report]]
[[Physical Science Basis]]
[[Impacts, Adaptation & Vulnerability]]
[[Mitigation of Climate Change]]
===
[[Background Documents|Climate Change Background Documents]] +++
[[IPCC Reports]] +++
[Climate Change 2001|Climate Change 2001: IPCC Third Assessment Report]]
[[IPCC Special Reports]]
===
[[Our Common Future]]
[[Climate Change Convention|United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]]
[[Biodiversity Convention|Convention on Biological Diversity]]
[[Rio Declaration|Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]]
[[Agenda 21]]
[[Johannesburg Declaration|Johannesburg Declaration on Sustainable Development]]
[[Plan of Implementation|Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development]]
[[Millennium Development Goals]]
===
[[Critical Issues|Climate Change Critical Issues]] +++
[[Hot Topics: Melting Ice]]
[[Climate Change and Biodiversity]]
[[Tipping Points|Confronting Climate Change: Tipping Points]]
===
[[Climate Change 2.0]]
<<tiddler "Search Box">>
| [img[wmo-new.gif]]|[img[unep-new.gif]] |
| [img[ngo-dpi-48x61.jpg]]|[img[http://www.climate-change-two.net/congo.jpg]]|
<<tiddler "Administrative Menu">>
/*{{{*/
#mainMenu {
position: absolute;
left: 0;
width: 16em;
text-align: right;
line-height: 1.6em;
padding-left: 0.2em;
padding-right: 0.5em;
padding-top: 0.5em;
font-size: 85%;
}
#mainMenu .tiddlyLinkExisting,
#mainMenu .tiddlyLinkNonExisting,
#sidebarTabs .tiddlyLinkNonExisting{
font-weight: normal;
font-style: normal;
}
#mainMenu table {
text-align: right;
width: 100%;
}
/*}}}*/
<!--{{{-->
<!-- Tracking script for Google Analytics -->
<script src="http://www.google-analytics.com/urchin.js" type="text/javascript">
</script>
<script type="text/javascript">
_uacct = "UA-2759737-1";
urchinTracker();
</script>
<!--}}}-->
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://lite.piclens.com/current/piclens.js"></script>
<!--{{{-->
<meta name="description" content="Climate Change 2007: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report. A Creative Commons TiddlyWiki edition of the Summary for Policymakers, from Climate Change 2.0 based on the Draft copy, 16 November, 2007 23:04 - Subject to final copyedit">
<meta name="keywords" content="climate change, climate, change, global warming, global, warming, melting cryosphere, ice, glacier, ice cap, ice sheet, polar bears, small islands, extreme weather, economics, energy, political economy, participation, truth, civilization, convenience, tiddlyperfect, tiddlywiki, dataperfect, ngo, non-governmental organizations, education, common future, youth, sustainability, sustainable development, tiddlywikiperfect">
<meta name="verify-v1" content="tce79IQZmH2rXFx/eNhVpZboqP9ixPH+eq+UfCYxNr4=" />
<link rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/us/">
<link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS' href='rss.xml'/>
<style type="text/css">#contentWrapper {display:none;}</style>
<div id="SplashScreen" style="border: 3px solid #ccc; display: block; text-align: center; width: 90%; margin: 10px auto; padding: 10px; color:#000; font-size: 16px; font-family:comic sans ms,Bookman Old Style; background-color:#eee;">
<img src="ipcc.gif">
<br>
<h1>Climate Change 2007: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report</h1>
<h2>A Creative Commons TiddlyWiki edition of the
<br>
Summary for Policymakers, from Climate Change 2.0</h2>
<h3><i>based on Draft copy, 16 November, 2007 23:04 – Subject to final copyedit</i></h3>
<p>
<span style="font-size: 14px; color:red;">Requires Javascript.
<br>
Please be patient while TiddlyWiki is loading<blink> ...</blink></span>
<p>
<img src="http://www.climate-change-two.net/cc2t-400x102.png" alt="Climate Change 2.0">
<br>
<h1>Welcome to a universe where knowledge is wealth</h1>
<h2<and in which abundance is not constrained by the laws of conservation of mass and energy</h2>
<br>
Networked Intelligence in Response to the Dangers & Opportunities of a Global Climate Change Crisis
<br>
in an Evolving Creative Commons, Open Source TiddlyWiki & TiddlyPerfect Climate
<br>
<br>
<b>Information and Communications Sub-Committee
<br>
NGO Committee on Education
<br>
Conference Of Non-Governmental Organizations</b>
<br>
in Consultative Relations with the United Nations
<br>
<img src="http://www.climate-change-summer.net/congo.jpg" alt="logo of the Conference Of Non-Governmental Organizations">
<br>
<br>
<b>Networking Sub-Committee
<br>
Planning Committee
<br>
60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference</b>
<br>
September 5-7, 2007
<br>
<img src="http://www.climate-change-summer.net/60dpingo-logo-400x51.jpg" alt="Climate Change - logo for the 60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference">
<br>
<br>
<b>Information Habitat: Where Information Lives</b>
<br>
<i>practicing the profession of information ecology, holistic life science for a knowledge-based universe</i>
</div>
<!--}}}-->
<html><a href="http://bluedot.us/Authoring.aspx" onclick="{var w=window;w.l=w.location;w.SdP='';w.bU=(w.l.protocol=='https:'?'https://'+w.SdP:'http://')+'bluedot.us';w.eUC=encodeURIComponent;function fBkF(){w.l.href=w.bU+'/Authoring.aspx?u='+w.eUC(w.l.href)+'&t='+w.eUC(document.title);}w.gT=w.setTimeout(fBkF,6999);w.d=w.document;w.sT=w.d.body;w.o=w.d.createElement('scri'+'pt');if(typeof w.o!='object')fBkF();w.o.setAttribute('src',w.bU+'/js/Authoring.js');w.o.setAttribute('type','text/javascript');void(w.sT.appendChild(w.o));if(w.event){w.event.returnValue=false;}return false;}" id="BlueDotPartner"><img src="blue-ribbon-24.jpg" alt="Give a blue Ribbon bookmark to this site" style="border:none"/></a> <a href="http://del.icio.us/post" onclick="window.open('http://del.icio.us/post?v=4&noui&jump=close&url='+encodeURIComponent(location.href)+'&title='+encodeURIComponent(document.title), 'delicious','toolbar=no,width=700,height=400'); return false;"><img src="delicious.32px.gif"></a></html> [img[http://www.climate-change-two.net/rss-small.jpg][Site RSS feeds]]
''Menus'' - and the versatility of menus - - if understood and used creatively and systematically - play a key role in TiddlyPerfect site - and open up a plethora of opportunities to organize, present, and find the wealth of information that can live in the structured tiddlers of a TiddlyPerfect world. In a digital knowledge-based universe, the use of digital tools that offer you clear and simple hierarchical user-defined menus can play an invaluable role in easing one's journey in a digital world.
The [[NestedSlidersPlugin]], written by [[Udo Borkowski]] plays a vital role in [[TiddlyPerfect Menus]] - allowing the easy expansion or collapsing of multi-level menus.
* [[Main Menu|MainMenu]]
* [[Administrative Menus]]
** [[Head Menu]]
** [[Hover Menu|HoverMenu]]
** [[Nesting Menus]]
* [[Changing Menus]]
* [[DataPerfect Menus]]
* [[Browser Menus]]
* [[Designing Menus]]
* [[Building Menus]]
* [[Desktop Menus]]
* [[Digital Navigation]]
* [[Learning Menus]]
[[TiddlyWiki|http://www.tiddlywiki.com]] says:
<<<
"MicroContent being a fashionable word for self-contained fragments of content that are typically smaller than entire pages. Often MicroContent is presented via some kind of aggregation that reduces the perceptual shock and resource cost of context switching (eg Blogs aggregating several entries onto a page or Flickr presenting photos in an album). This TiddlyWiki aggregates MicroContent items that I call 'tiddlers' into pages that are loaded in one gulp and progressively displayed as the user clicks hypertext links to read them."
<<<
By the year 2015, all 191 UN Member States have pledged to meet these goals.
# ''Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger''
** Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less than a dollar a day.
** Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger
# ''Achieve universal primary education''
** Ensure that all boys and girls complete a full course of primary schooling
# ''Promote gender equality and empower women''
** Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education preferably by 2005, and at all levels by 2015
# ''Reduce child mortality''
** Reduce by two thirds the mortality rate among children under five
# ''Improve maternal health''
** Reduce by three quarters the maternal mortality ratio
# ''Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases''
** Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS
** Halt and begin to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases
# ''Ensure environmental sustainability''
** Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes; reverse loss of environmental resources
** Reduce by half the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water
** Achieve significant improvement in lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers, by 2020
# ''Develop a global partnership for development''
** Develop further an open trading and financial system that is rule-based, predictable and non-discriminatory. Includes a commitment to good governance, development and poverty reduction-nationally and internationally
** Address the least developed countries' special needs. This includes tariff- and quota-free access for their exports; enhanced debt relief for heavily indebted poor countries; cancellation of official bilateral debt; and more generous official development assistance for countries committed to poverty reduction
** Address the special needs of landlocked and small island developing States
** Deal comprehensively with developing countries' debt problems through national and international measures to make debt sustainable in the long term
** In cooperation with the developing countries, develop decent and productive work for youth
** In cooperation with pharmaceutical companies, provide access to affordable essential drugs in developing countries
** In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies - especially information and communications technologies
Moki Kokoris is UN/DPI representative for the [[World Federation of Ukrainian Women's Organizations|http://www.wfuwo.org/]] and was the 14th woman to reach the North Pole and the first Ukrainian. Moki is the //Founder// of [[90 North|http://www.90-north.org]], an environmental educational program, the objective of which is to teach young students about the polar biospheres and how climate change affects them - with a specific focus on the indigenous peoples of the Arctic. Moki is a Contributing Arctic Editor to "The Polar Times", the journal of the American Polar Society. Partial affiliations list: American Himalayan Foundation, Children of Chernobyl Relief Fund, North American Association for Environmental Education, Will Steger Institute for Climate Change Education, Polar Bears International, Byrd Polar Research Center.
Email: [[moki@cloud9.net|http://moki@cloud9.net]]
{{{Monospaced text}}} is supported - edit this tiddler to see the syntax.
You can also have monospaced blocks (useful for source code):
{{{
var posTop = findPosY(e);
var posBot = posTop + e.offsetHeight;
var winTop = findScrollY();
var winHeight = findWindowHeight();
var winBot = winTop + winHeight;
if(posTop < winTop)
return(posTop);
else if(posBot > winBot)
{
if(e.offsetHeight < winHeight)
return(posTop - (winHeight - e.offsetHeight));
else
return(posTop);
}
else
return(winTop);
}}}
//{{{
config.macros.saveRss = {};
config.macros.saveRss.handler = function(place)
{
if(!readOnly)
createTiddlyButton(place,'save rss','save rss',function(e){saveMultiRss();return false;});
}
window.getRssMarkers = function()
{
var s = [];
myregexp=/\|(?:.*?)\|(?:.*?)\|(.*?)\|(?:.*?)\|(.*?)\|/g;
while((m = myregexp.exec(store.getTiddlerText("MultiRssConfig"))) != null)
s.push("<link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='%0' href='%1'>".format([m[1].trim(),m[2].trim()]));
return s.splice(1,s.length).join("\n");
}
updateMarkupBlock_old_multirss = window.updateMarkupBlock;
window.updateMarkupBlock = function (s,blockName,tiddlerName)
{
s = updateMarkupBlock_old_multirss.apply(this,arguments);
if (blockName == "PRE-HEAD")
s = lewcidRSSAddToMarkupBlock(s);
return s;
}
window.lewcidRSSAddToMarkupBlock = function (s)
{
var pos = s.indexOf("<!--PRE-HEAD-END-->");
return ( s.substring(0,pos).replace("<link rel='alternate' type='application/rss+xml' title='RSS' href='index.xml'>","") + "\n" + getRssMarkers() + "\n" + s.substring(pos) );
}
TiddlyWiki.prototype.rssgetTiddlers = function(field,includeTag,excludeTag)
{
var results = [];
this.forEachTiddler(function(title,tiddler)
{
if(excludeTag == undefined || excludeTag == '' || tiddler.tags.find(excludeTag) == null)
if(includeTag == undefined || includeTag == '' || tiddler.tags.find(includeTag)!=null)
results.push(tiddler);
});
if(field)
results.sort(function (a,b) {if(a[field] == b[field]) return(0); else return (a[field] < b[field]) ? -1 : +1; });
return results;
}
window.generateRss = function (tiddlers,title,subtitle)
{
var s = [];
var d = new Date();
var u = store.getTiddlerText("SiteUrl");
s.push("<" + "?xml version=\"1.0\"?" + ">");
s.push("<rss version=\"2.0\">");
s.push("<channel>");
s.push("<title" + ">" + ((title && title != '') ? wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode()+ " | "+ title: wikifyPlain("SiteTitle").htmlEncode()) + "</title" + ">");
if(u)
s.push("<link>" + u.htmlEncode() + "</link>");
s.push("<description>" + ((subtitle && subtitle != '')? subtitle : wikifyPlain("SiteSubtitle").htmlEncode()) + "</description>");
s.push("<language>en-us</language>");
s.push("<copyright>Copyright " + d.getFullYear() + " " + config.options.txtUserName.htmlEncode() + "</copyright>");
s.push("<pubDate>" + d.toGMTString() + "</pubDate>");
s.push("<lastBuildDate>" + d.toGMTString() + "</lastBuildDate>");
s.push("<docs>http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss</docs>");
s.push("<generator>TiddlyWiki " + version.major + "." + version.minor + "." + version.revision + "</generator>");
if (!tiddlers)
var tiddlers = store.getTiddlers("modified","excludeLists");
var n = config.numRssItems > tiddlers.length ? 0 : tiddlers.length-config.numRssItems;
for (var t=tiddlers.length-1; t>=n; t--)
s.push(tiddlers[t].saveToRss(u));
s.push("</channel>");
s.push("</rss>");
return s.join("\n");
}
old_multiRss_saveChanges = window.saveChanges;
window.saveChanges = function(onlyIfDirty)
{
var rssStatus = config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed;
config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed = false;
old_multiRss_saveChanges.apply(this,arguments);
config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed = rssStatus;
if(config.options.chkGenerateAnRssFeed)
saveMultiRss();
}
window.saveMultiRss = function()
{
var rssIndex = store.getTiddlerText("MultiRssConfig").split("\n");
rssIndex = rssIndex.splice(1,rssIndex.length);
for (var i=0; i<rssIndex.length; i++)
{
var rss = rssIndex[i].split("|");
var localPath = getLocalPath(document.location.toString());
var rssPath = getRssPath(localPath)+ (rss[5].trim());
var rssSave = saveFile(rssPath,convertUnicodeToUTF8(generateRss(store.rssgetTiddlers("modified",rss[1].trim(),rss[2].trim()),rss[3].trim(),rss[4].trim())));
if(rssSave)
displayMessage(config.messages.rssSaved,"file://" + rssPath);
else
alert(config.messages.rssFailed);
}
}
window.getRssPath = function(str) {
var slash = (str.indexOf('/')!=-1)? '/':'\\';
return str.substring(0,str.lastIndexOf(slash) + 1);
}
config.shadowTiddlers.MultiRssConfig = "| !includeTag | !excludeTag | !title | !description | !filename |\n| rss | |rss only| this feed has rss tiddlers only | rss-feed.xml |\n| lewcidExtension| |plugins| yiddlywiki plugins only |plugins.xml|\n| | systemConfig| Main RSS feed | everything but plugins | rss.xml|";
//}}}
The ''NGO Committee on Education'' is a New York-based Substantive Committee of [[CONGO|Conference Of NGOs]] - the ''C''onference ''O''f ''N''on-''G''overnmental ''O''rganizations in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations - and was founded in November 2000.
The Committee normally holds its meetings on the third Thursday of each month between September and June. Please contact the Co-Chairs at [[co-chairs@ngo-education.net|mailto:co-chairs@ngo-education.net]], or use the [[contact form|Contact form]] if you would like to receive information on upcoming meetings, and/or to be added to the email list for the Committee.
The ''NGO Committee on Education'' has made a priority commitment to the [[United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development]] (2005-2014) throughout the Decade. This commitment was launched with our co-sponsorship of a workshop on ''Education, Youth & Technology for Sustainable Development'' at the ''59th Annual DPI/NGO Conference'' on September 9, 2007. For more details on the workshop, please visit http://www.ngo-education.net/workshop
* [[Meetings]]
* [[By-laws]]
* [[Executive Committee]]
* [[Information and Communications Sub-Committee]]
** [[Web sites|Committee web sites]]
*** [[Education, Youth & Technology for Sustainable Development]] - [[www.ngo-education.net/workshop/|http://www.ngo-education.net/workshop/]]
*** [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]] - [[www.un-documents.net|http://www.un-documents.net/]]
*** [[Climate Change 2.0]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/]]
*** [[The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks|http://www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks/]]
*** [[Economics of Climate Change: The Stern Review]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/stern-review/|http://www.climate-changetwo.net/stern-review/]]
*** [[Rescuing a Planet Under Stress and a Civilization in Trouble: Plan B 3.0 (beta)]] - [[www.climate-change-two.net/plan-b/|http://www.climate-change-two.net/plan-b/]]
*** [[TiddlyWikiPerfect: An emerging hybrid information species]] - [[www.tiddlywikiperfect.net/|http://www.tiddlywikiperfect.net/]]
** ''E-mail lists''
*** [[ngo-education@googlegroups.com]]
The mandate for the [[Climate Change Sub-Committee]] is based on the common commitments made in [[Climate Change Threats - An NGO Framework for Action]], below:
!!Climate Change Threats - An NGO Framework for Action
<<<
<<tiddler "Climate Change Threats - An NGO Framework for Action">>
<<<
[img[http://www.climate-change-two.net/climate.png]]
> //Adopted at United Nations Headquarters, New York, NY. Friday 6 September, 2007//
@@font-size:150%;font-weight:bold;Climate Change Threats - An NGO Framework for Action@@ ^^/1^^
<<<
<<tiddler "Climate Change Threats - An NGO Framework for Action">>
<<<
1/ Adaptation implies making lifestyle adjustments. Mitigation implies alleviating the problem.
[[Declaration Process|60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference Declaration: Process]]
http://www.ngodpiexecom.org/
/***
|''Name:''|NestedSlidersPlugin|
|''Source:''|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#NestedSlidersPlugin|
|''Author:''|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|''License:''|[[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.0.10|
Quickly make any tiddler content into an expandable 'slider' panel, without needing to create a separate tiddler to contain the slider content. Optional syntax allows ''default to open'', ''custom button label/tooltip'' and ''automatic blockquote formatting.''
You can also 'nest' these sliders as deep as you like (see complex nesting example below), so that expandable 'tree-like' hierarchical displays can be created. This is most useful when converting existing in-line text content to create in-line annotations, footnotes, context-sensitive help, or other subordinate information displays.
For more details, please click on a section headline below:
++++!!!!![Configuration]>
Debugging messages for 'lazy sliders' deferred rendering:
<<option chkDebugLazySliderDefer>> show debugging alert when deferring slider rendering
<<option chkDebugLazySliderRender>> show debugging alert when deferred slider is actually rendered
===
++++!!!!![Usage and Options]>
When installed, this plugin adds new wiki syntax for embedding 'slider' panels directly into tiddler content. Use {{{+++}}} and {{{===}}} to delimit the slider content. Additional optional syntax elements let you specify
*default to open
** closed {{{+++}}} and {{{===}}}
** open {{{++++}}} and {{{===}}}
>> mark the start and end of the slider definition, respectively. When the extra {{{+}}} is used, the slider will be open when initially displayed.
*cookiename: {{{(cookiename)}}} - saves the slider opened/closed state, and restores this state whenever the slider is re-rendered.
*heading level
*floater: (with optional CSS width value)
*mouse auto rollover: {{{*}}} ^^ automatically opens/closes slider on "rollover" as well as when clicked^^
*custom class/label/tooltip/accesskey: {{{{{class{[label=key|tooltip]}}}}}} ^^uses custom label/tooltip/accesskey. {{{{{class{...}}}}}}, {{{=key}}} and {{{|tooltip}}} are optional. 'class' is any valid CSS class name, used to style the slider label text. 'key' must be a ''single letter only''. Default labels/tootips are: ">" (more) and "<" (less), with no default access key assignment.^^
*automatic blockquote: {{{">"}}} //(without the quotes)// ^^automatically adds blockquote formatting to slider content^^
*deferred rendering
The complete syntax, using all options, is:
//{{{
++++(cookiename)!!!!!^width^*{{class{[label=key|tooltip]}}}>...
content goes here
===
//}}}
* {{{!}}} through {{{!!!!!}}}^^
displays the slider label using a formatted headline (Hn) style instead of a button/link style^^
* {{{^width^}}} (or just {{{^}}})^^
makes the slider 'float' on top of other content rather than shifting that content downward. 'width' must be a valid CSS value (e.g., "30em", "180px", "50%", etc.). If omitted, the default width is "auto" (i.e., fit to content)^^
*
*
* {{{"..."}}} //(without the quotes)//^^
defers rendering of closed sliders until the first time they are opened. //Note: deferred rendering may produce unexpected results in some cases. Use with care.//^^
//Note: to make slider definitions easier to read and recognize when editing a tiddler, newlines immediately following the {{{+++}}} 'start slider' or preceding the {{{===}}} 'end slider' sequence are automatically suppressed so that excess whitespace is eliminated from the output.//
===
++++!!!!![Examples]>
simple in-line slider:
{{{
+++
content
===
}}}
+++
content
===
----
use a custom label and tooltip:
{{{
+++[label|tooltip]
content
===
}}}
+++[label|tooltip]
content
===
----
content automatically blockquoted:
{{{
+++>
content
===
}}}
+++>
content
===
----
all options combined //(default open, cookie, heading, sized floater, rollover, class, label/tooltip/key, blockquoted, deferred)//
{{{
++++(testcookie)!!!^30em^*{{big{[label=Z|click or press Alt-Z to open]}}}>...
content
===
}}}
++++(testcookie)!!!^30em^*{{big{[label=Z|click or press Alt-Z to open]}}}>...
content
===
----
complex nesting example:
{{{
+++^[get info...=I|click for information or press Alt-I]
put some general information here, plus a floating slider with more specific info:
+++^10em^[view details...|click for details]
put some detail here, which could include a rollover with a +++^25em^*[glossary definition]explaining technical terms===
===
===
}}}
+++^[get info...=I|click for information or press Alt-I]
put some general information here, plus a floating slider with more specific info:
+++^10em^[view details...|click for details]
put some detail here, which could include a rollover with a +++^25em^*[glossary definition]explaining technical terms===
===
===
===
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''NestedSlidersPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2006.07.28 - 2.0.0'' added custom class syntax around label/tip/key syntax: {{{{{classname{[label=key|tip]}}}}}}
''2006.07.25 - 1.9.3'' when parsing slider, save default open/closed state in button element, then in onClickNestedSlider(), if slider state matches saved default, instead of saving cookie, delete it. Significantly reduces the 'cookie overhead' when default slider states are used.
''2006.06.29 - 1.9.2'' in onClickNestedSlider(), when setting focus to first control, skip over type="hidden"
''2006.06.22 - 1.9.1'' added panel.defaultPanelWidth to save requested panel width, even after resizing has changed the style value
''2006.05.11 - 1.9.0'' added optional '^width^' syntax for floating sliders and '=key' syntax for setting an access key on a slider label
''2006.05.09 - 1.8.0'' in onClickNestedSlider(), when showing panel, set focus to first child input/textarea/select element
''2006.04.24 - 1.7.8'' in adjustSliderPos(), if floating panel is contained inside another floating panel, subtract offset of containing panel to find correct position
''2006.02.16 - 1.7.7'' corrected deferred rendering to account for use-case where show/hide state is tracked in a cookie
''2006.02.15 - 1.7.6'' in adjustSliderPos(), ensure that floating panel is positioned completely within the browser window (i.e., does not go beyond the right edge of the browser window)
''2006.02.04 - 1.7.5'' add 'var' to unintended global variable declarations to avoid FireFox 1.5.0.1 crash bug when assigning to globals
''2006.01.18 - 1.7.4'' only define adjustSliderPos() function if it has not already been provided by another plugin. This lets other plugins 'hijack' the function even when they are loaded first.
''2006.01.16 - 1.7.3'' added adjustSliderPos(place,btn,panel,panelClass) function to permit specialized logic for placement of floating panels. While it provides improved placement for many uses of floating panels, it exhibits a relative offset positioning error when used within *nested* floating panels. Short-term workaround is to only adjust the position for 'top-level' floaters.
''2006.01.16 - 1.7.2'' added button property to slider panel elements so that slider panel can tell which button it belongs to. Also, re-activated and corrected animation handling so that nested sliders aren't clipped by hijacking Slider.prototype.stop so that "overflow:hidden" can be reset to "overflow:visible" after animation ends
''2006.01.14 - 1.7.1'' added optional "^" syntax for floating panels. Defines new CSS class, ".floatingPanel", as an alternative for standard in-line ".sliderPanel" styles.
''2006.01.14 - 1.7.0'' added optional "*" syntax for rollover handling to show/hide slider without requiring a click (Based on a suggestion by tw4efl)
''2006.01.03 - 1.6.2'' When using optional "!" heading style, instead of creating a clickable "Hn" element, create an "A" element inside the "Hn" element. (allows click-through in SlideShowPlugin, which captures nearly all click events, except for hyperlinks)
''2005.12.15 - 1.6.1'' added optional "..." syntax to invoke deferred ('lazy') rendering for initially hidden sliders
removed checkbox option for 'global' application of lazy sliders
''2005.11.25 - 1.6.0'' added optional handling for 'lazy sliders' (deferred rendering for initially hidden sliders)
''2005.11.21 - 1.5.1'' revised regular expressions: if present, a single newline //preceding// and/or //following// a slider definition will be suppressed so start/end syntax can be place on separate lines in the tiddler 'source' for improved readability. Similarly, any whitespace (newlines, tabs, spaces, etc.) trailing the 'start slider' syntax or preceding the 'end slider' syntax is also suppressed.
''2005.11.20 - 1.5.0'' added (cookiename) syntax for optional tracking and restoring of slider open/close state
''2005.11.11 - 1.4.0'' added !!!!! syntax to render slider label as a header (Hn) style instead of a button/link style
''2005.11.07 - 1.3.0'' removed alternative syntax {{{(((}}} and {{{)))}}} (so they can be used by other
formatting extensions) and simplified/improved regular expressions to trim multiple excess newlines
''2005.11.05 - 1.2.1'' changed name to NestedSlidersPlugin
more documentation
''2005.11.04 - 1.2.0'' added alternative character-mode syntax {{{(((}}} and {{{)))}}}
tweaked "eat newlines" logic for line-mode {{{+++}}} and {{{===}}} syntax
''2005.11.03 - 1.1.1'' fixed toggling of default tooltips ("more..." and "less...") when a non-default button label is used
code cleanup, added documentation
''2005.11.03 - 1.1.0'' changed delimiter syntax from {{{(((}}} and {{{)))}}} to {{{+++}}} and {{{===}}}
changed name to EasySlidersPlugin
''2005.11.03 - 1.0.0'' initial public release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was implemented by EricShulman from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]] with initial research and suggestions from RodneyGomes, GeoffSlocock, and PaulPetterson.
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.nestedSliders = {major: 2, minor: 0, revision: 0, date: new Date(2006,7,28)};
//}}}
//{{{
// options for deferred rendering of sliders that are not initially displayed
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderDefer==undefined) config.options.chkDebugLazySliderDefer=false;
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderRender==undefined) config.options.chkDebugLazySliderRender=false;
// default styles for 'floating' class
setStylesheet(".floatingPanel { position:absolute; z-index:10; padding:0.5em; margin:0em; \
background-color:#eee; color:#000; border:1px solid #000; text-align:left; }","floatingPanelStylesheet");
//}}}
//{{{
config.formatters.push( {
name: "nestedSliders",
match: "\\n?\\+{3}",
terminator: "\\s*\\={3}\\n?",
lookahead: "\\n?\\+{3}(\\+)?(\\([^\\)]*\\))?(\\!*)?(\\^(?:[^\\^\\*\\[\\>]*\\^)?)?(\\*)?(?:\\{\\{([\\w]+[\\s\\w]*)\\{)?(\\[[^\\]]*\\])?(?:\\}{3})?(\\>)?(\\.\\.\\.)?\\s*",
handler: function(w)
{
// defopen=lookaheadMatch[1]
// cookiename=lookaheadMatch[2]
// header=lookaheadMatch[3]
// panelwidth=lookaheadMatch[4]
// rollover=lookaheadMatch[5]
// class=lookaheadMatch[6]
// label=lookaheadMatch[7]
// blockquote=lookaheadMatch[8]
// deferred=lookaheadMatch[9]
lookaheadRegExp = new RegExp(this.lookahead,"mg");
lookaheadRegExp.lastIndex = w.matchStart;
var lookaheadMatch = lookaheadRegExp.exec(w.source)
if(lookaheadMatch && lookaheadMatch.index == w.matchStart)
{
// location for rendering button and panel
var place=w.output;
// default to closed, no cookie, no accesskey
var show="none"; var title=">"; var tooltip="show"; var cookie=""; var key="";
// extra "+", default to open
if (lookaheadMatch[1])
{ show="block"; title="<"; tooltip="hide"; }
// cookie, use saved open/closed state
if (lookaheadMatch[2]) {
cookie=lookaheadMatch[2].trim().slice(1,-1);
cookie="chkSlider"+cookie;
if (config.options[cookie]==undefined)
{ config.options[cookie] = (show=="block") }
if (config.options[cookie])
{ show="block"; title="<"; tooltip="hide"; }
else
{ show="none"; title=">"; tooltip="show"; }
}
// parse custom label/tooltip/accesskey: [label=X|tooltip]
if (lookaheadMatch[7]) {
title = lookaheadMatch[7].trim().slice(1,-1);
var pos=title.indexOf("|");
if (pos!=-1) { tooltip = title.substr(pos+1,title.length); title=title.substr(0,pos); }
if (title.substr(title.length-2,1)=="=") { key=title.substr(title.length-1,1); title=title.slice(0,-2); }
if (pos==-1) tooltip += " "+title; // default tooltip: "show/hide <title>"
}
// create the button
if (lookaheadMatch[3]) { // use "Hn" header format instead of button/link
var lvl=(lookaheadMatch[3].length>6)?6:lookaheadMatch[3].length;
var btn = createTiddlyElement(createTiddlyElement(place,"h"+lvl,null,null,null),"a",null,lookaheadMatch[6],title);
btn.onclick=onClickNestedSlider;
btn.setAttribute("href","javascript:;");
btn.setAttribute("title",tooltip);
}
else
var btn = createTiddlyButton(place,title,tooltip,onClickNestedSlider,lookaheadMatch[6]);
// set extra button attributes
btn.sliderCookie = cookie; // save the cookiename (if any) in the button object
btn.defOpen=lookaheadMatch[1]!=null; // save default open/closed state (boolean)
btn.keyparam=key; // save the access key letter ("" if none)
if (key.length) {
btn.setAttribute("accessKey",key); // init access key
btn.onfocus=function(){this.setAttribute("accessKey",this.keyparam);}; // **reclaim** access key on focus
}
// "non-click" MouseOver open/close slider
if (lookaheadMatch[5]) btn.onmouseover=onClickNestedSlider;
// create slider panel
var panelClass=lookaheadMatch[4]?"floatingPanel":"sliderPanel";
var panel=createTiddlyElement(place,"div",null,panelClass,null);
panel.button = btn; // so the slider panel know which button it belongs to
panel.defaultPanelWidth=(lookaheadMatch[4] && lookaheadMatch[4].length>2)?lookaheadMatch[4].slice(1,-1):""; // save requested panel size
btn.sliderPanel=panel;
panel.style.display = show;
panel.style.width=panel.defaultPanelWidth;
// render slider (or defer until shown)
w.nextMatch = lookaheadMatch.index + lookaheadMatch[0].length;
if ((show=="block")||!lookaheadMatch[9]) {
// render now if panel is supposed to be shown or NOT deferred rendering
w.subWikify(lookaheadMatch[8]?createTiddlyElement(panel,"blockquote"):panel,this.terminator);
// align slider/floater position with button
adjustSliderPos(place,btn,panel,panelClass);
}
else {
var src = w.source.substr(w.nextMatch);
var endpos=findMatchingDelimiter(src,"+++","===");
panel.setAttribute("raw",src.substr(0,endpos));
panel.setAttribute("blockquote",lookaheadMatch[8]?"true":"false");
panel.setAttribute("rendered","false");
w.nextMatch += endpos+3;
if (w.source.substr(w.nextMatch,1)=="\n") w.nextMatch++;
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderDefer) alert("deferred '"+title+"':\n\n"+panel.getAttribute("raw"));
}
}
}
}
)
// TBD: ignore 'quoted' delimiters (e.g., "{{{+++foo===}}}" isn't really a slider)
function findMatchingDelimiter(src,starttext,endtext) {
var startpos = 0;
var endpos = src.indexOf(endtext);
// check for nested delimiters
while (src.substring(startpos,endpos-1).indexOf(starttext)!=-1) {
// count number of nested 'starts'
var startcount=0;
var temp = src.substring(startpos,endpos-1);
var pos=temp.indexOf(starttext);
while (pos!=-1) { startcount++; pos=temp.indexOf(starttext,pos+starttext.length); }
// set up to check for additional 'starts' after adjusting endpos
startpos=endpos+endtext.length;
// find endpos for corresponding number of matching 'ends'
while (startcount && endpos!=-1) {
endpos = src.indexOf(endtext,endpos+endtext.length);
startcount--;
}
}
return (endpos==-1)?src.length:endpos;
}
//}}}
//{{{
window.onClickNestedSlider=function(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
var theTarget = resolveTarget(e);
var theLabel = theTarget.firstChild.data;
var theSlider = theTarget.sliderPanel
var isOpen = theSlider.style.display!="none";
// if using default button labels, toggle labels
if (theLabel==">") theTarget.firstChild.data = "<";
else if (theLabel=="<") theTarget.firstChild.data = ">";
// if using default tooltips, toggle tooltips
if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="show")
theTarget.setAttribute("title","hide");
else if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="hide")
theTarget.setAttribute("title","show");
if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="show "+theLabel)
theTarget.setAttribute("title","hide "+theLabel);
else if (theTarget.getAttribute("title")=="hide "+theLabel)
theTarget.setAttribute("title","show "+theLabel);
// deferred rendering (if needed)
if (theSlider.getAttribute("rendered")=="false") {
if (config.options.chkDebugLazySliderRender)
alert("rendering '"+theLabel+"':\n\n"+theSlider.getAttribute("raw"));
var place=theSlider;
if (theSlider.getAttribute("blockquote")=="true")
place=createTiddlyElement(place,"blockquote");
wikify(theSlider.getAttribute("raw"),place);
theSlider.setAttribute("rendered","true");
}
// show/hide the slider
if(config.options.chkAnimate)
anim.startAnimating(new Slider(theSlider,!isOpen,e.shiftKey || e.altKey,"none"));
else
theSlider.style.display = isOpen ? "none" : "block";
// reset to default width (might have been changed via plugin code)
theSlider.style.width=theSlider.defaultPanelWidth;
// align slider/floater position with target button
if (!isOpen) adjustSliderPos(theSlider.parentNode,theTarget,theSlider,theSlider.className);
// if showing panel, set focus to first 'focus-able' element in panel
if (theSlider.style.display!="none") {
var ctrls=theSlider.getElementsByTagName("*");
for (var c=0; c<ctrls.length; c++) {
var t=ctrls[c].tagName.toLowerCase();
if ((t=="input" && ctrls[c].type!="hidden") || t=="textarea" || t=="select")
{ ctrls[c].focus(); break; }
}
}
if (this.sliderCookie && this.sliderCookie.length) {
config.options[this.sliderCookie]=!isOpen;
if (config.options[this.sliderCookie]!=this.defOpen)
saveOptionCookie(this.sliderCookie);
else { // remove cookie if slider is in default display state
var ex=new Date(); ex.setTime(ex.getTime()-1000);
document.cookie = this.sliderCookie+"=novalue; path=/; expires="+ex.toGMTString();
}
}
return false;
}
// hijack animation handler 'stop' handler so overflow is visible after animation has completed
Slider.prototype.coreStop = Slider.prototype.stop;
Slider.prototype.stop = function() { this.coreStop(); this.element.style.overflow = "visible"; }
// adjust panel position based on button position
if (window.adjustSliderPos==undefined) window.adjustSliderPos=function(place,btn,panel,panelClass) {
if (panelClass=="floatingPanel") {
var left=0;
var top=btn.offsetHeight;
if (place.style.position!="relative") {
var left=findPosX(btn);
var top=findPosY(btn)+btn.offsetHeight;
var p=place; while (p && p.className!='floatingPanel') p=p.parentNode;
if (p) { left-=findPosX(p); top-=findPosY(p); }
}
if (left+panel.offsetWidth > getWindowWidth()) left=getWindowWidth()-panel.offsetWidth-10;
panel.style.left=left+"px"; panel.style.top=top+"px";
}
}
function getWindowWidth() {
if(document.width!=undefined)
return document.width; // moz (FF)
if(document.documentElement && ( document.documentElement.clientWidth || document.documentElement.clientHeight ) )
return document.documentElement.clientWidth; // IE6
if(document.body && ( document.body.clientWidth || document.body.clientHeight ) )
return document.body.clientWidth; // IE4
if(window.innerWidth!=undefined)
return window.innerWidth; // IE - general
return 0; // unknown
}
//}}}
To make a tiddler that doesn't have a WikiWord as its name, you can enclose the name in [[double square brackets]] - edit this tiddler to see an example. After saving the tiddler you can then click on the link to create the new tiddler. NonWikiWordLinks permits tiddlers to be created with names that are made from character sets that don't have upper and lower case.
It's easy to create NumberedBulletPoints.
# Use a single '#' at the start of each line
# and the tiddler will automatically
# start numbering your list.
## If you want a sub-list
## within any bullets
## add two '#'s at the start of the lines.
# When you go back to a single '#'
# the main numbered list will start up
# where it left off.
It's just as simple to do normal BulletPoints.
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
The rising atmospheric concentration of CO~~2~~ forces more oceanic uptake to achieve chemical equilibrium. Reaction with water forms carbonic acid, bicarbonate, and carbonate, lowering the pH (i.e., increasing the hydrogen ion concentration) to a degree determined by the temperature and salinity. Changes in pH in the polar oceans could have significant influences on marine species by the mid-21st century.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
The present rise in the CO~~2~~ concentration has reduced global average pH by 0.1, and significant further reductions will occur as the CO~~2~~ concentration keeps rising during the 21st century. In colder waters, a larger decrease will occur. Because the change is occurring so rapidly (in geological terms), natural buffering is not able to moderate the changes. As a result, calcifying organisms are expected to be severely stressed or be unable to survive.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
While ocean absorption of CO~~2~~ limits its atmospheric build-up and associated climate change, the marine web of life and society are highly dependent on calcifying organisms, including corals, crustaceans, some mollusks, and many organisms lower on the food chain. The full ecological consequences remain quite uncertain, but there appears to be little likelihood of a process that can limit near-term acidification.
''Our Common Future'', the Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, also known as the ''Brundtland Report'' after ''Gro Harlem Brundtland'', Chair of the Commission. placed sustainable development at the center of the UN agenda when it was published in 1987 and laid the groundwork for the 1992 Earth Summit and its key outcomes: the [[Rio Declaration on Environment and Development]], [[Agenda 21]], the [[Convention on Biological Diversity]] and the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]].
''See also'':
* [[Our Common Future: Table of Contents]]
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the ''Google '' web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at [[http://www.google.com/ ...|http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Our+Common+Future%22&button=google+search&domains=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un-documents.net&sitesearch=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un-documents.net&ie=iso-8859-1&oe=iso-8859-1]]
@@
<html><iframe
src = "http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Our+Common+Future%22&button=google+search&domains=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un-documents.net&sitesearch=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un-documents.net&ie=iso-8859-1&oe=iso-8859-1]]"
title = "Our Common Future - Google site search @ www.UN-documents.net"
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
<<tiddler 'Our Common Future: Table of Contents'>>
[[Search Our Common Future|Our Common Future - Google site search @ www.UN-documents.net]]
|UN Document Symbol: |A/42/427 |
|Issuing Body / Session: |A/ 42 (General Assembly. 43rd Session) |
|Title: |Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development : note / by the ~Secretary-General. |
|Author / Contributors: |UN. ~Secretary-General<br>World Commission on Environment and Development |
|Other Title: |Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development (1987)<br>Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development : "Our common future"<br>Our Common Future.<br>Brundtland report. |
|Summary: |Transmits report of the World Commission on Environment and Development entitled "Our common future". |
|Notes: |Includes bibliographical references. |
|Imprint: |New York : UN, 4 Aug. 1987. |
|Description: |374 p. : tables |
|Subjects: |Environment<br>Population<br>Development<br>Human Resources<br>Food Security<br>Ecosystems<br>Energy Resources<br>Industrial Development<br>Urbanization<br>Environmental Protection<br>Institutional Machinery<br>Environmental Law<br>International Economic Relations<br>Environmental Management<br>Military Activity<br>Work Organization<br>World Commission on Environment and Development -- Work Organization.<br>Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development (1987) |
|Agenda Information: |A/42/251 82e - Environment. - Environment |
|Type of Material: |Reports/studies B16<br>Reports/letters (UN Secretary-General) B15 |
|Distribution: |General |
|Job Number: |N8718467 E |
|>|United Nations |h
|Document ID |A/42/427 Annex |
|Online publisher |Official Document System of the United Nations - http://ods.un.org |
|UN publication date |4 August 1987 |
|>|Bodleian Library, Oxford University |h
|Uniform Title |Our common future |
|Title |Our common future / World Commission on Environment and Development : Chairman, Gro Harlem Brundtland. |
|Publisher |Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1987. |
|Description |xv, 383 p. ; 21 cm. |
|Notes |"April 1987." (Webster's note: this is a curious note, as the Report was not released until June 16, 1987, and was approved by the Governing Council of UNEP on 19 June 1987) |
|ISBN |019282080X (pbk.) |
|Subjects |Economic development -- Environmental aspects<br>Environmental policy<br>Human ecology<br>Nature -- Effect of human beings on |
|Other Names |Brundtland, Gro Harlem<br>World Commission on Environment and Development |
''Our Common Future'' - the ''Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development'' :
Transmitted to the General Assembly as an Annex to document [[A/42/427 - Development and International Co-operation: Environment|http://www.un-documents.net/a47-427.htm]]
!!Table of Contents
<<<
!!![[Chairman's Foreword|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-cf.htm]]
!!![[From One Earth to One World|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-ov.htm]]
<<<
!!Part I. Common Concerns
<<<
!!![[1. A Threatened Future|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-01.htm]] +++
> [[Symptoms and Causes|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-01.htm#I]]
> [[New Approaches to Environment and Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-01.htm#II]]
===
!!![[2. Towards Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-02.htm]] +++
> [[The Concept of Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-02.htm#I]]
> [[Equity and the Common Interest|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-02.htm#II]]
> [[Strategic Imperatives|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-02.htm#III]]
> [[Conclusion|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-02.htm#IV]]
===
!!![[3. The Role of the International Economy|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-03.htm]] +++
> [[The International Economy, the Environment, and Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-03.htm#I]]
> [[Decline in the 1980s|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-03.htm#II]]
> [[Enabling Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-03.htm#III]]
> [[A Sustainable World Economy|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-03.htm#IV]]
===
<<<
!!Part II. Common Challenges
<<<
!!![[4. Population and Human Resources|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-04.htm]] +++
> [[The Links with Environment and Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-04.htm#I]]
> [[The Population Perspective|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-04.htm#II]]
> [[A Policy Framework|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-04.htm#III]]
===
!!![[5. Food Security: Sustaining the Potential|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-05.htm]] +++
> Achievements|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-05.htm#I]]
> Signs of Crisis|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-05.htm#II]]
> The Challenge|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-05.htm#III]]
> Strategies for Sustainable Food Security|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-05.htm#IV]]
> Food for the Future|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-05.htm#V]]
===
!!![[6. Species and Ecosystems: Resources for Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm]] +++
> [[The Problem: Character and Extent|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#I]]
> [[Extinction Patterns and Trends|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#II]]
> [[Some Causes of Extinction|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#III]]
> [[Economic Values at Stake|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#IV]]
> [[New Approach: Anticipate and Prevent|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#V]]
> [[International Action for National Species|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#VI]]
> [[Scope for National Action|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#VII]]
> [[The Need for Action|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-06.htm#VIII]]
===
!!![[7. Energy: Choices for Environment and Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm]] +++
> [[Energy, Economy, and Environment|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#I]]
> [[Fossil Fuels: The Continuing Dilemma|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#II]]
> [[Nuclear Energy: Unsolved Problems|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#III]]
> [[Wood Fuels: The Vanishing Resource|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#IV]]
> [[Renewable Energy: The Untapped Potential|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#V]]
> [[Energy Efficiency: Maintaining the Momentum|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#VI]]
> [[Energy Conservation Measures|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#VII]]
> [[Conclusion|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-07.htm#VIII]]
===
!!![[8. Industry: Producing More With Less|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-08.htm]] +++
> [[Industrial Growth and its Impact|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-08.htm#I]]
> [[Sustainable Industrial Development in a Global Context|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-08.htm#II]]
> [[Strategies for Sustainable Industrial Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-08.htm#III]]
===
!!![[9. The Urban Challenge|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-09.htm]] +++
> [[The Growth of Cities|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-09.htm#I]]
> [[The Urban Challenge in Developing Countries|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-09.htm#II]]
> [[International Cooperation|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-09.htm#III]]
===
<<<
!!Part III. Common Endeavours
<<<
!!![[10. Managing The Commons|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-10.htm]] +++
> [[Oceans: The Balance of Life|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-10.htm#I]]
> [[Space: A Key to Planetary Management|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-10.htm#II]]
> [[Antarctica: Towards Global Cooperation|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-10.htm#III]]
===
!!![[11. Peace, Security, Development, and the Environment|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-11.htm]] +++
> [[Environmental Stress as a Source of Conflict|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-11.htm#I]]
> [[Conflict as a Cause of Unsustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-11.htm#II]]
> [[Towards Security and Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-11.htm#III]]
===
!!![[12. Towards Common Action: Proposals For Institutional and Legal Change|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-12.htm]] +++
> [[The Challenge for Institutional and Legal Change|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-12.htm#I]]
> [[Proposals for Institutional and Legal Change|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-12.htm#II]]
> [[A Call for Action|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-12.htm#III]]
===
<<<
!!Annexes
<<<
!!![[Annexe 1: Summary of Proposed Legal Principles for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-a1.htm]]
!!![[Annexe 2: The Commission and its Work|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-a2.htm]]
!!![[Acronyms and Note on Terminology|http://www.un-documents.net/ocf-acr.htm]]
<<<
|>|United Nations |h
|Document ID |A/42/427 Annex |
|Published in |[[General Assembly document A/42/427|http://www.n-documents.net/a42-427]] |
|Unpublication date |4 August 1987 |
|Online publisher |Official Document System of the United Nations - http://ods.un.org |
<<<
Most of today's decision makers will be dead before the planet suffers the full consequences of acid rain, global warning, ozone depletion, widespread desertification, and species loss. Most of today's young voters, however, will be alive.
In this, perhaps the most important document of the decade on the future of the world, the urgency of changing certain policy decisions, some of which threaten the very survival of the human race, is made abundantly clear.
The World Commission on Environment and Development, headed by Gro Harlem Brundtland, Prime Minister of Norway, was set up as an independent body in 1983 by the United Nations. Its brief was to re-examine the critical environment, to develop proposals to solve them, and to ensure that human progress will be sustained through development without bankrupting the resources of future generations.
In Our Common Future , the Commission serves notice that the time has come for a marriage of economy and ecology, so that governments and their people can take responsibility not just for environmental damage, but for the policies that cause the damage. It is not too late to change these policies; but, it warns, we must act now.
> ''Publisher's description - Oxford University Press''
<<<
''References''
<<<
[[UN-documents.net - Our Common Future - Google site search[[|http://www.google.com/search?q=%22Our+Common+Future%22&button=google+search&domains=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un-documents.net&sitesearch=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.un-documents.net&ie=iso-8859-1&oe=iso-8859-1]]
[[Our Common Future @ Oxford University Press|http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=9780192820808]] - Look and/or buy at the publisher's web site
[[Our Common Future @ Google Book Search|http://books.google.com/books?id=w_HKWEq1K68C&dq=%22Our+Common+Future%22]]
* [[Our Common Future @ Amazon.com|http://www.amazon.com/Common-Future-Oxford-Paperback-Reference/dp/019282080X]] - Buy new or used at Amazon.com
** [[Look Inside Our Common Future|http://www.amazon.com/gp/reader/019282080X/ref=sib_dp_pt/105-6913217-5433235#reader-link]] at Amazon/com
[[Sustainable Development @ ''UN-Documents.net''|http://www.un-documents.net/k-001303.htm]]
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|Standard Periodic Table (ref. Wikipedia)|c
|| !1 | !2 |!| !3 | !4 | !5 | !6 | !7 | !8 | !9 | !10 | !11 | !12 | !13 | !14 | !15 | !16 | !17 | !18 |
|!1|bgcolor(#a0ffa0): @@color(red):H@@ |>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>||bgcolor(#c0ffff): @@color(red):He@@ |
|!2|bgcolor(#ff6666): Li |bgcolor(#ffdead): Be |>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>||bgcolor(#cccc99): B |bgcolor(#a0ffa0): C |bgcolor(#a0ffa0): @@color(red):N@@ |bgcolor(#a0ffa0): @@color(red):O@@ |bgcolor(#ffff99): @@color(red):F@@ |bgcolor(#c0ffff): @@color(red):Ne@@ |
|!3|bgcolor(#ff6666): Na |bgcolor(#ffdead): Mg |>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>|>||bgcolor(#cccccc): Al |bgcolor(#cccc99): Si |bgcolor(#a0ffa0): P |bgcolor(#a0ffa0): S |bgcolor(#ffff99): @@color(red):Cl@@ |bgcolor(#c0ffff): @@color(red):Ar@@ |
|!4|bgcolor(#ff6666): K |bgcolor(#ffdead): Ca ||bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Sc |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ti |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): V |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Cr |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Mn |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Fe |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Co |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ni |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Cu |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Zn |bgcolor(#cccccc): Ga |bgcolor(#cccc99): Ge |bgcolor(#cccc99): As |bgcolor(#a0ffa0): Se |bgcolor(#ffff99): @@color(green):Br@@ |bgcolor(#c0ffff): @@color(red):Kr@@ |
|!5|bgcolor(#ff6666): Rb |bgcolor(#ffdead): Sr ||bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Y |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Zr |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Nb |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Mo |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Tc |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ru |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Rh |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Pd |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ag |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Cd |bgcolor(#cccccc): In |bgcolor(#cccccc): Sn |bgcolor(#cccc99): Sb |bgcolor(#cccc99): Te |bgcolor(#ffff99): I |bgcolor(#c0ffff): @@color(red):Xe@@ |
|!6|bgcolor(#ff6666): Cs |bgcolor(#ffdead): Ba |bgcolor(#ffbfff):^^*1^^|bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Lu |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Hf |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ta |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): W |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Re |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Os |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ir |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Pt |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Au |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): @@color(green):Hg@@ |bgcolor(#cccccc): Tl |bgcolor(#cccccc): Pb |bgcolor(#cccccc): Bi |bgcolor(#cccc99): Po |bgcolor(#ffff99): At |bgcolor(#c0ffff): @@color(red):Rn@@ |
|!7|bgcolor(#ff6666): Fr |bgcolor(#ffdead): Ra |bgcolor(#ff99cc):^^*2^^|bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Lr |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Rf |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Db |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Sq |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Bh |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Hs |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Mt |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Ds |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Rg |bgcolor(#ffc0c0): @@color(green):Uub@@ |bgcolor(#cccccc): Uut |bgcolor(#cccccc): Uuq |bgcolor(#cccccc): Uup |bgcolor(#cccccc): Uuh |bgcolor(#fcfecc): @@color(#cccccc):Uus@@ |bgcolor(#ecfefc): @@color(#cccccc):Uuo@@ |
| !Lanthanides^^*1^^|bgcolor(#ffbfff): La |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Ce |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Pr |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Nd |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Pm |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Sm |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Eu |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Gd |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Tb |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Dy |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Ho |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Er |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Tm |bgcolor(#ffbfff): Yb |
| !Actinides^^*2^^|bgcolor(#ff99cc): Ac |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Th |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Pa |bgcolor(#ff99cc): U |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Np |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Pu |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Am |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Cm |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Bk |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Cf |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Es |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Fm |bgcolor(#ff99cc): Md |bgcolor(#ff99cc): No |
*Chemical Series of the Periodic Table
**@@bgcolor(#ff6666): Alkali metals@@
**@@bgcolor(#ffdead): Alkaline earth metals@@
**@@bgcolor(#ffbfff): Lanthanides@@
**@@bgcolor(#ff99cc): Actinides@@
**@@bgcolor(#ffc0c0): Transition metals@@
**@@bgcolor(#cccccc): Poor metals@@
**@@bgcolor(#cccc99): Metalloids@@
**@@bgcolor(#a0ffa0): Nonmetals@@
**@@bgcolor(#ffff99): Halogens@@
**@@bgcolor(#c0ffff): Noble gases@@
*State at standard temperature and pressure
**those in @@color(red):red@@ are gases
**those in @@color(green):green@@ are liquids
**those in black are solids
<html>
<a href="javascript:PicLensLite.start();">Start Slideshow
<img src="http://lite.piclens.com/images/PicLensButton.png"
alt="PicLens" width="16" height="12" border="0"
align="absmiddle"></a>
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Sometimes text can inadvertently match TiddlyWiki formatting instructions - particularly program code, or text pasted from elsewhere. In these situations you can either use MonospacedText or you can accomplish the same thing without the monospaced effect like this:
{{{
This is AnotherLink, this is a copyright symbol © and this site is called <<tiddler SiteTitle>>
<nowiki>This is AnotherLink, this is a copyright symbol © and this site is called <<tiddler SiteTitle>></nowiki>
"""This is AnotherLink, this is a copyright symbol © and this site is called <<tiddler SiteTitle>>"""
}}}
Which displays as:
This is AnotherLink, this is a copyright symbol © and this site is called <<tiddler SiteTitle>>
<nowiki>This is AnotherLink, this is a copyright symbol © and this site is called <<tiddler SiteTitle>></nowiki>
"""This is AnotherLink, this is a copyright symbol © and this site is called <<tiddler SiteTitle>>"""
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles|UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]] web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm@@
<html><iframe
title = "Plan of Implementation of the World Summit on Sustainable Development"
src = "http://www.un-documents.net/jburgpln.htm"
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
The ''Plugin Manager'' tiddler uses the ''<html><<plugins>></html>'' built-in macro that displays all the plugin macros - tiddlers marked with the ''systemConfig'' tag - with links to the plugins and an indication of their status.
<<plugins>>
To make plugins, stylesheets and templates easier to read, you can use special alternative formatting for monospaced blocks.
In JavaScript code:
{{{
//{{{
var id = document.getElementById("mainMenu");
//}}}
}}}
In HTML templates:
{{{
<!--{{{-->
<div id="MainMenu">
</div>
<!--}}}-->
}}}
In CSS stylesheets
{{{
/*{{{*/
div {color: #ff0000;}
/*}}}*/
}}}
It will be displayed as:
//{{{
var id = document.getElementById("mainMenu");
//}}}
<!--{{{-->
<div id="MainMenu">
</div>
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/*{{{*/
div {color: #ff0000;}
/*}}}*/
!! Introduction
This TiddlyWiki edition - still very much a work in progress - of the Synthesis Report is under development by [[Climate Change 2.0]], an Open Source, Creative Commons initiative intended to make effective use of the remarkable power of freely-available and inexpensive tools in conjunction with the accelerating global transition from a carbon-based economy to digital knowledge-based universe.
!! Methodology
!!! Document as database
!!! ~TiddlyWiki & ~WordPerfect Office
!!! Deconstruction
!!! Reconstruction
!!! Images & Tables
!!! Freshwater, ice caps, ice sheets, glaciers & snow caps
!! Critical Errors & Omissions
{{clear{
|[img[fig-02-tn.jpg]] |The color of the polar regions is erroneous & misleading in ''Figure 2; Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004''; elsewhere in the ''Fourth Assessment Report'', the Arctic region is reported to have the greatest rises in temperature. |
|[img[fig-06-tn.jpg]] |Figure 6. Geographical pattern of surface warming |
}}}
You can now link to [[external sites|http://www.osmosoft.com]] or [[ordinary tiddlers|TiddlyWiki]] with ordinary words, without the messiness of the full URL appearing. Edit this tiddler to see how.
You can also LinkToFolders.
!!United Nations Charter
!!Chapter I: Purposes and Principles
!!!Article 1
The Purposes of the United Nations are:
# To maintain international peace and security, and to that end: to take effective collective measures for the prevention and removal of threats to the peace, and for the suppression of acts of aggression or other breaches of the peace, and to bring about by peaceful means, and in conformity with the principles of justice and international law, adjustment or settlement of international disputes or situations which might lead to a breach of the peace;
# To develop friendly relations among nations based on respect for the principle of equal rights and self-determination of peoples, and to take other appropriate measures to strengthen universal peace;
# To achieve international co-operation in solving international problems of an economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian character, and in promoting and encouraging respect for human rights and for fundamental freedoms for all without distinction as to race, sex, language, or religion; and
# To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in the attainment of these common ends.
!!!Article 2
The Organization and its Members, in pursuit of the Purposes stated in Article 1, shall act in accordance with the following Principles.
# The Organization is based on the principle of the sovereign equality of all its Members.
# All Members, in order to ensure to all of them the rights and benefits resulting from membership, shall fulfil in good faith the obligations assumed by them in accordance with the present Charter.
# All Members shall settle their international disputes by peaceful means in such a manner that international peace and security, and justice, are not endangered.
# All Members shall refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the Purposes of the United Nations.
# All Members shall give the United Nations every assistance in any action it takes in accordance with the present Charter, and shall refrain from giving assistance to any state against which the United Nations is taking preventive or enforcement action.
# The Organization shall ensure that states which are not Members of the United Nations act in accordance with these Principles so far as may be necessary for the maintenance of international peace and security.
# Nothing contained in the present Charter shall authorize the United Nations to intervene in matters which are essentially within the domestic jurisdiction of any state or shall require the Members to submit such matters to settlement under the present Charter; but this principle shall not prejudice the application of enforcement measures under [[Chapter VII|http://www.un-documents.net/ch-04.htm]].
/***
| Name:|QuickOpenTagPlugin|
| Description:|Changes tag links to make it easier to open tags as tiddlers|
| Version:|6.1.1|
| Date:|01-Oct-2006|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#QuickOpenTagPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| CoreVersion:|2.1.x|
***/
//{{{
config.quickOpenTag = {
dropdownChar: (document.all ? "\u25bc" : "\u25be"), // the little one doesn't work in IE
createTagButton: function(place,tag,excludeTiddler) {
// little hack so we can to <<tag PrettyTagName|RealTagName>>
var splitTag = tag.split("|");
var pretty = tag;
if (splitTag.length == 2) {
tag = splitTag[1];
pretty = splitTag[0];
}
var sp = createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"quickopentag");
createTiddlyText(createTiddlyLink(sp,tag,false),pretty);
var theTag = createTiddlyButton(sp,config.quickOpenTag.dropdownChar,
config.views.wikified.tag.tooltip.format([tag]),onClickTag);
theTag.setAttribute("tag",tag);
if (excludeTiddler)
theTag.setAttribute("tiddler",excludeTiddler);
return(theTag);
},
miniTagHandler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var tagged = store.getTaggedTiddlers(tiddler.title);
if (tagged.length > 0) {
var theTag = createTiddlyButton(place,config.quickOpenTag.dropdownChar,
config.views.wikified.tag.tooltip.format([tiddler.title]),onClickTag);
theTag.setAttribute("tag",tiddler.title);
theTag.className = "miniTag";
}
},
allTagsHandler: function(place,macroName,params) {
var tags = store.getTags();
var theDateList = createTiddlyElement(place,"ul");
if(tags.length == 0)
createTiddlyElement(theDateList,"li",null,"listTitle",this.noTags);
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) {
var theListItem = createTiddlyElement(theDateList,"li");
var theLink = createTiddlyLink(theListItem,tags[t][0],true);
var theCount = " (" + tags[t][1] + ")";
theLink.appendChild(document.createTextNode(theCount));
var theDropDownBtn = createTiddlyButton(theListItem," " +
config.quickOpenTag.dropdownChar,this.tooltip.format([tags[t][0]]),onClickTag);
theDropDownBtn.setAttribute("tag",tags[t][0]);
}
},
// todo fix these up a bit
styles:
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" { border:0px solid black; }\n"+
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"#displayArea .viewer .quickopentag a.tiddlyLink, \n"+
"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.tiddlyLink \n"+
" { margin-right:0px; padding-right:0px; padding-left:0px; margin-left:0px; }\n"+
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"#mainMenu .quickopentag a.button \n"+
" /* looks better in right justified main menus */\n"+
" { margin-left:0px; padding-left:2px; margin-right:0px; padding-right:0px; }\n" +
"#topMenu .quickopentag { padding:0px; margin:0px; border:0px; }\n" +
"#topMenu .quickopentag .tiddlyLink { padding-right:1px; margin-right:0px; }\n" +
"#topMenu .quickopentag .button { padding-left:1px; margin-left:0px; border:0px; }\n" +
"/*}}}*/\n"+
"",
init: function() {
// we fully replace these builtins. can't hijack them easily
window.createTagButton = this.createTagButton;
config.macros.allTags.handler = this.allTagsHandler;
config.macros.miniTag = { handler: this.miniTagHandler };
config.shadowTiddlers["QuickOpenTagStyles"] = this.styles;
if (store)
store.addNotification("QuickOpenTagStyles",refreshStyles);
else
config.notifyTiddlers.push({name:"QuickOpenTagStyles", notify: refreshStyles});
}
}
config.quickOpenTag.init();
//}}}
''RSS feeds'' - //Really Simple Syndication// - offer a wide variety of tools that automatically generate sets of news feeds - that can be selected for tags / key words - for your own online web sites, and from web sites, blogs, bookmark collections, etc. published by other people and organizations.
<<siteMap rss>>
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Persistent warming of 1°C to 3°C is likely to trigger rapid deterioration of the southern half of the Greenland Ice Sheet over a period of several centuries; greater warming could trigger loss of the full ice sheet over up to a few millennia.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Loss of the southern half of the Greenland Ice Sheet would raise global sea level by 2 m to 3 m; full melting would lead to sea-level rise of roughly 7 m. Meltwater from Greenland would freshen the North Atlantic, likely altering oceanic temperature and flow regimes.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
In the region, the reduced altitude of Greenland would alter regional storm tracks and weather. Throughout the world, a sea-level rise of a few meters would inundate many coastal regions and require significant efforts to protect many coastal cities.
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Persistent warming of Southern Ocean waters and/or sea-level rise has the potential to accelerate the flow of ice streams, initiating an increasing loss of ice from the WAIS that would likely last for several millennia.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
The WAIS contains the equivalent of about 6 m of sea-level rise, and is much more vulnerable to loss of ice than East Antarctica because it is mainly grounded below sea level.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
In the region, retreat of antarctic sea ice and even partial loss of the WAIS will alter ocean circulation, weather, and the survivability of key species. Throughout the world, the rise in sea level would significantly alter ocean currents while inundating coastal communities.
The following recently created or updated tiddler uses the syntax {{{<<timeline better:true firstDay:20071118>>}}} to display tiddlers that have been edited since November 18, 2007, the date this TiddyWiki site was initiated - using the [[Better timeline plugin macro]] This display of the titles of "tiddlers" and can give you some insight both into some of the recently-added contents of the site, as well as into the "underworld" of shadowed tiddlers, cascading styles, menus, features, plugins, formatting, etc. that lie beneath the surface of TiddlyWiki and that contribute to the genius of TiddlyWiki, the software platform that serves as one of the foundations of this web site and of the companion sites of the [[Climate Change 2.0]] initiative. If you would like to look at a complete listing of tiddlers on this site, visit [[Basic Tiddler Lists]].
<<timeline better:true firstDay:20071118>>
/***
***/
//{{{
config.commands.refresh = {
text: 'refresh',
tooltip: 'Refresh this tiddler',
handler: function(e,src,title) {
clearMessage();
story.refreshTiddler(title,false,true); // force=true
return false;
}
};
//}}}
Renate Bloem is the //President// of [[CONGO|Conference Of NGOs]], the Conference of ~Non-Governmental Organizations in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations .
Madam Bloem has led CONGO delegations to the World Conference against Racism and to the World Summit on Sustainable Development. She also organized through the CONGO Working Group on Asia, the Asian Civil Society Forum 2002 and 2004 in Bangkok, Thailand and, together with Latin American NGO networks, the NGO Seminar in Santiago, Chile.
Under Madam Bloem’s strong leadership, CONGO has gained prominence in the international civil society landscape and became the main counterpart of ~NGOs in relationship with the United Nations. She follows a Strategic Plan for CONGO, based on her priorities for the civil society: Outreach, Dialogue, Training, Communication and Membership Drive and Services.
Madam Bloem is also strong advocate for human rights, in particular for the human rights of women and children. She was actively involved in the Drafting of the Convention on the Rights of the Child, (Art. 37d) and, after its adoption, in the promotion of children's rights. She is married with two children, lives and works in Geneva, Switzerland.
Renate Bloem is a national of Switzerland.
Richard Jordan is the //Chair// of the [[Climate Change Sub-Committee]] of the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]] and had served as the //Conference ~Co-Chair// of the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]], and //~Co-Chair// of its [[Planning Committee|60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference Planning Committee]]. Over the course of his 22 years at the UN, Richard has represented a number of ~NGOs affiliated with DPI and ECOSOC, most notably Global Education Associates and currently the [[International Council for Caring Communities]]. Among his most notable achievements is having been one of the five co-founding editors of the Earth Negotiations Bulletin (ENB), the journal of record at environment and development meetings worldwide.
Richard Jordan has also been a member of the Boards of the [[NGO Committee on Peace, Development and Security]], [[Symphony for United Nations]] and [[Friends of the United Nations]], and is the Chairman of the CONGO [[NGO Committee on the UN and Sports]].
Email: [[dpiconference@yahoo.com|mailto:dpiconference@yahoo.com]]
The United Nations Conference on Environment and Development,
//Having met// at Rio de Janeiro from 3 to 14 June 1992,
//Reaffirming// the [[Declaration of the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment]], adopted at Stockholm on 16 June 1972, and seeking to build upon it,
//With the goal// of establishing a new and equitable global partnership through the creation of new levels of cooperation among States, key sectors of societies and people,
//Working towards// international agreements which respect the interests of all and protect the integrity of the global environmental and developmental system,
//Recognizing// the integral and interdependent nature of the Earth, our home,
//Proclaims// that:
''Principle 1''
Human beings are at the centre of concerns for sustainable development. They are entitled to a healthy and productive life in harmony with nature.
''Principle 2''
States have, in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and the principles of international law, the sovereign right to exploit their own resources pursuant to their own environmental and developmental policies, and the responsibility to ensure that activities within their jurisdiction or control do not cause damage to the environment of other States or of areas beyond the limits of national jurisdiction.
''Principle 3''
The right to development must be fulfilled so as to equitably meet developmental and environmental needs of present and future generations.
''Principle 4''
In order to achieve sustainable development, environmental protection shall constitute an integral part of the development process and cannot be considered in isolation from it.
''Principle 5''
All States and all people shall cooperate in the essential task of eradicating poverty as an indispensable requirement for sustainable development, in order to decrease the disparities in standards of living and better meet the needs of the majority of the people of the world.
''Principle 6''
The special situation and needs of developing countries, particularly the least developed and those most environmentally vulnerable, shall be given special priority. International actions in the field of environment and development should also address the interests and needs of all countries.
''Principle 7''
States shall cooperate in a spirit of global partnership to conserve, protect and restore the health and integrity of the Earth's ecosystem. In view of the different contributions to global environmental degradation, States have common but differentiated responsibilities. The developed countries acknowledge the responsibility that they bear in the international pursuit of sustainable development in view of the pressures their societies place on the global environment and of the technologies and financial resources they command.
''Principle 8''
To achieve sustainable development and a higher quality of life for all people, States should reduce and eliminate unsustainable patterns of production and consumption and promote appropriate demographic policies.
''Principle 9''
States should cooperate to strengthen endogenous capacity-building for sustainable development by improving scientific understanding through exchanges of scientific and technological knowledge, and by enhancing the development, adaptation, diffusion and transfer of technologies, including new and innovative technologies.
''Principle 10''
Environmental issues are best handled with the participation of all concerned citizens, at the relevant level. At the national level, each individual shall have appropriate access to information concerning the environment that is held by public authorities, including information on hazardous materials and activities in their communities, and the opportunity to participate in decision-making processes. States shall facilitate and encourage public awareness and participation by making information widely available. Effective access to judicial and administrative proceedings, including redress and remedy, shall be provided.
''Principle 11''
States shall enact effective environmental legislation. Environmental standards, management objectives and priorities should reflect the environmental and developmental context to which they apply. Standards applied by some countries may be inappropriate and of unwarranted economic and social cost to other countries, in particular developing countries.
''Principle 12''
States should cooperate to promote a supportive and open international economic system that would lead to economic growth and sustainable development in all countries, to better address the problems of environmental degradation. Trade policy measures for environmental purposes should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade. Unilateral actions to deal with environmental challenges outside the jurisdiction of the importing country should be avoided. Environmental measures addressing transboundary or global environmental problems should, as far as possible, be based on an international consensus.
''Principle 13''
States shall develop national law regarding liability and compensation for the victims of pollution and other environmental damage. States shall also cooperate in an expeditious and more determined manner to develop further international law regarding liability and compensation for adverse effects of environmental damage caused by activities within their jurisdiction or control to areas beyond their jurisdiction.
''Principle 14''
States should effectively cooperate to discourage or prevent the relocation and transfer to other States of any activities and substances that cause severe environmental degradation or are found to be harmful to human health.
''Principle 15''
In order to protect the environment, the precautionary approach shall be widely applied by States according to their capabilities. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty shall not be used as a reason for postponing cost-effective measures to prevent environmental degradation.
''Principle 16''
National authorities should endeavour to promote the internalization of environmental costs and the use of economic instruments, taking into account the approach that the polluter should, in principle, bear the cost of pollution, with due regard to the public interest and without distorting international trade and investment.
''Principle 17''
Environmental impact assessment, as a national instrument, shall be undertaken for proposed activities that are likely to have a significant adverse impact on the environment and are subject to a decision of a competent national authority.
''Principle 18''
States shall immediately notify other States of any natural disasters or other emergencies that are likely to produce sudden harmful effects on the environment of those States. Every effort shall be made by the international community to help States so afflicted.
''Principle 19''
States shall provide prior and timely notification and relevant information to potentially affected States on activities that may have a significant adverse transboundary environmental effect and shall consult with those States at an early stage and in good faith.
''Principle 20''
Women have a vital role in environmental management and development. Their full participation is therefore essential to achieve sustainable development.
''Principle 21''
The creativity, ideals and courage of the youth of the world should be mobilized to forge a global partnership in order to achieve sustainable development and ensure a better future for all.
''Principle 22''
Indigenous people and their communities and other local communities have a vital role in environmental management and development because of their knowledge and traditional practices. States should recognize and duly support their identity, culture and interests and enable their effective participation in the achievement of sustainable development.
''Principle 23''
The environment and natural resources of people under oppression, domination and occupation shall be protected.
''Principle 24''
Warfare is inherently destructive of sustainable development. States shall therefore respect international law providing protection for the environment in times of armed conflict and cooperate in its further development, as necessary.
''Principle 25''
Peace, development and environmental protection are interdependent and indivisible.
''Principle 26''
States shall resolve all their environmental disputes peacefully and by appropriate means in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.
''Principle 27''
States and people shall cooperate in good faith and in a spirit of partnership in the fulfilment of the principles embodied in this Declaration and in the further development of international law in the field of sustainable development.
Robert Pollard, Chair of the Information and Communications Sub-Committee of the NGO Committee on Education, is Professor of Information Ecology at [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]], an organization he founded in 1990 shortly after becoming involved in the preparations for the 1992 ''Earth Summit'' / ''UN Conference on Environment and Development'' (UNCED), and that was granted Special Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council in 1995. Through Information Habitat - and through NGO Committees, Networks and Caucuses he has worked with - he was a pioneer in the adoption, promotion and support of systematic and innovative use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in support of broad-based, informed and collaborative participation of non-governmental organizations in the series of United Nations global conferences during the 1990s - culminating with Habitat II, for which he was the architect and developer of the information and communications strategy for the conference, managing key email lists and databases and building the official Habitat II web site.
Since Habitat II, he has been actively involved in the NGO follow-up to the global conferences, while increasingly focusing on the development of information ecology as a holistic life science for the information age and on the critical contribution of ICT that he is convinced holds a key to a successful transition to a sustainable development path. Building on his earlier experience and inclinations as a librarian, he has devoted considerable attention to gathering and organizing extensive archives of documents relating to sustainable development and to the United Nations, and has generated a unique hyperlinked collection of more than five hundred such documents at [[www.un-documents.net|http://www.un-documents.net]].
Before becoming involved with the United Nations NGO community, he had been active with environmental, peace and community development organizations in Baltimore for more than twenty years, and in 1981 had been a co-founder of the ''Baltimore Information Cooperative'' that provided support to grassroots and progressive organizations in the use of microcomputers. He served as Librarian at Baltimore City Jail for more than eight years and as Administrative Analyst for an additional five years, for much of that time using his microcomputer as an administrative tool. He was educated at Whitgift School and Cambridge University, where he read Mathematics and Political Economy, having received an Open Exhibition (scholarship) in Mathematics at Corpus Christi College and moved to the U.S. in 1996 for a Research Assistantship on a Quantitative Analysis of the French Revolution and to The Johns Hopkins University on a Graduate Fellowship in Social Relations, where he focused on methodology, research design, data analysis and mathematical sociology and on small group dynamics. He left academia in 1972 in the context of his involvement with the Vietnam Peace movement and his concern with the ties between academia and the military-industrial complex.
A passionate organic gardener, he had to give up his large - third of an acre - garden when he moved to New York in 1993; however he has recently discovered a nearby community garden where he has reconnected to the earth and where he manages the compost piles, fed with a steady stream of kitchen 'waste'.
//{{{
// location of server-side 'reflector' script. Can be on ANY domain...
config.options.txtSaveFromWebScriptURL="savefromweb.php";
// use alternative document URL for retrieving TiddlyWiki core source code.
// Using *empty* TW minimizes data transfer for retrieving TW core.
// Can be on ANY domain... If blank, uses current document URL
config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile="http://www.TiddlyTools.com/empty.html";
// use alternative target filename for the downloaded document.
// Can be any valid filename for local filesystem. If blank, uses current filename
config.options.txtSaveFromWebTargetFilename="";
// Pre-fetch option
// true=get (and cache) TW core code when document is first loaded (i.e., when plugin is initialized)
// false=get and cache core code the first time the file is being saved
// pre-fetching and caching the core code permits "save changes" to still be performed,
// even if the connection to the net is dropped during the session.
config.options.chkSaveFromWebPreFetch=false;
// Local I/O option (requires browser security permissions, i.e., "trusted site" settings)
config.options.chkSaveFromWebAttemptLocalIO=false;
// enable editing features over http so that 'save changes' is available online by default
config.options.chkHttpReadOnly=readOnly=false;
//}}}
/***
|Name|SaveFromWebPlugin|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#SaveFromWebPlugin|
|Version|1.3.5|
|Author|Eric Shulman - ELS Design Studios|
|License|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements <<br>>and [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]|
|~CoreVersion|2.1|
|Type|plugin|
|Requires||
|Overrides||
|Description|extend 'save changes' to get remote document contents and save to local filesystem |
|Status| BETA/EXPERIMENTAL - USE WITH CAUTION - VERIFY ALL SAVED CHANGES - RETAIN BACKUPS |
Normally, when you are viewing a TiddlyWiki document over the web (i.e., not via {{{file://}}}) and you select the "save changes" (or "save to disk") command, an error message is displayed: //__"You need to save this TiddlyWiki to a file before you can save changes."__// This plugin extends the use of {{{<<saveChanges>>}}} so that when you are viewing and/or editing a remote TiddlyWiki document, instead of receiving this somewhat confusing and unhelpful message, you can still click the "save changes" (or "save to disk") command to ''store a copy of the remote document directly onto your local filesystem'', //including any unsaved tiddler changes/additions you have made while working on-line.//
!!!!!Usage
<<<
When you select <<saveChanges>> while viewing a remote document (i.e., a URL starting with http: rather than file:), the plugin first ''retrieves the TiddlyWiki core source code from the original document'' file stored on the remote server. Then, it ''combines that core source with the tiddlers'' contained in the currently loaded document, ''including any changes you have made.''
While the next step //should// be to simply write the merged core+tiddler data directly to your hard drive, certain JavaScript features, such as reading/writing directly to the local filesystem, require expanded "cross-domain" privileges that are normally restricted for use only with ''signed'' scripts. Although some browsers will let you grant filesystem permissions to a remotely-loaded script, this usually involves either a series of popup confirmation messages or manually re-configuring (and/or disabling) your browser's built-in security protections, which often include settings and options that most users find difficult to understand and inconvenient to access.
To avoid these security complications, the "save from web" processing requires just a few additional steps to prepare the modified document and deliver it to your browser: rather than writing the document data directly to the local filesystem, the plugin ''sends the merged core+tiddler data to a small companion script installed on the remote server'' (see savefromweb.php, below). This simple "reflector" script then immediately ''downloads the new document data back to the browser'', which prompts you to either open the downloaded document for viewing or save it to your local hard drive. Once the document has been stored on your filesystem, you can open that copy in your browser and work offline with full access to all TiddlyWiki features.
+++[Note for users of Internet Explorer's Popup Blocker feature...]>
The default security settings of IE's "Popup Blocker" feature will warn you whenever an attempt is made to download a file in response to a scripted action such as the internal javascript processing performed by SaveFromWebPlugin. However, if you then click IE's yellow warning message and select the 'download this file...' menu command, this will also cause IE to attempt a 'page transition' away from the currently loaded TiddlyWiki document... but, because there are unsaved changes in the document, you will first receive a confirmation message, allowing you to cancel the page transition. Regrettably, this also prevents the download from succeeding. Unfortunately, if you //do// permit the page transition to occur, then your TiddlyWiki document is immediately reloaded and all the unsaved tiddler changes are discarded... and the download still fails to complete.
''__To permit SaveFromWeb to function properly with Internet Explorer, you will need to adjust the "download" security setting...__''
#From the ''Tools > Internet Options > Security'' tab,
#Select the "Internet" security zone (or what ever zone you are using to view the remote document)
#Press the "Custom level..." button
#In the "Settings" listbox, scroll to the "Downloads" section
#''ENABLE "automatic prompting for downloads"''(the first setting in the section)
#Press OK to accept the new settings.
===
<<<
!!!!!Direct filesystem access (configuring browser security permissions)
<<<
Although sending the merged document data from browser to server and back again allows it to be saved to your filesystem without requiring you to extensively re-configure your browser's built-in security protections, it also increases the overall processing time because the document's data is actually being transmitted //three// times: it is first retrieved from the remote server to get the TiddlyWiki core source; then, after merging with the updated tiddler data, it is sent back to the server, which immediately 'reflects' it back to the browser for final handling by the built-in "file download" interface.
However, ''if you are accessing a "trusted site"'' (perhaps on a server within a secure private network), depending upon the specific options provided by your browser, ''you may be able to eliminate the round-trip processing by authorizing the appropriate filesystem security permissions in your browser''. When filesystem access has been permitted, instead of making the round trip with the merged core+tiddler data, the plugin will immediately prompt you for a destination path/file, using your computer's "native" path/file selection interface, and then write new the TiddlyWiki document data directly to the indicated location on your local file system.
+++[Configuring security in FireFox...]>
''FireFox needs security permissions to be set to allow a remote URL to save a new file to your local filesystem.'' FireFox can be configured to allow or disallow expanded "cross-domain" privileges based on the digital signature of the originator (or ''principal'') of a signed script. However, ''unsigned'' scripts, such as TiddlyWiki, do not contain a digital signature and are not normally allowed access to filesystem functions. Fortunately, an //''unsigned''// script can still be granted expanded filesystem privileges through use of a ''codebase principal'', which relies upon the originating URL of the script (it's "codebase") to identify the "trusted source", rather than verifying a digital signature of a certificate.
>''In FireFox (and most other browsers) use of codebase principals is disabled by default'';
>To use codebase principals, go to "about:config" in your browser, and set:
> ''{{{signed.applets.codebase_principal_support}}}'' to ''{{{true}}}''
>//note: you can also set this value by editing FireFox's {{{prefs.js}}} and adding://
> {{{user_pref("signed.applets.codebase_principal_support", true);}}}
After you have enabled codebase principals, you will begin receiving security notices whenever TiddlyWiki requests permission to invoke various privileged functions. You can press the "allow" button to permit the processing to continue, or press "deny" to prevent the privileged functions from being used by that remote site.
When you invoke {{{<<saveChanges>>}}}, there may be several of these notices in a row before the file saving process is done. These messages are normal, and you should ALLOW each of them, so that the file saving procedure can continue to completion. Once you are confident that the remote site is trustworthy, you can mark the "remember this decision" checkbox to eliminate additional notices for that remote site, so that the process can proceed without further interruptions. This setting will only be applied to the specific web domain in question, so you will still receive security notices when using privileged functions from any other web sites.
//Note: If codebase principals are enabled, security notices are also reported when accessing TiddlyWiki documents locally (i.e., via {{{file://}}}). This is a result of TiddlyWiki's normal file I/O processing and should always be considered safe to allow, inasmuch as you control the contents of your own local filesystem, and thus, should be able to consider the {{{file://}}} codebase location as a trusted source.//
===
<<<
!!!!!Configuration
<<<
Target (destination) filename: <<option txtSaveFromWebTargetFilename>>
{{fine borderleft{
specifies the desired destination filename for the saved file. This will appear as the default value when you are prompted to save the file. If blank, default is the filename from the URL of the current document (or the current domain name if there is no filename in the URL)}}}
TW core source location: <<option txtSaveFromWebSourceFile>>
{{fine borderleft{
specifies the URL from which to retrieve the TW core source. If blank, defaults to the current document URL.}}}
Server-side reflector script location: <<option txtSaveFromWebScriptURL>>
{{fine borderleft{
note: the reflector script can be located at any URL, even one on a different domain from the document you are saving}}}
<<option chkSaveFromWebAttemptLocalIO>> attempt to use direct filesystem I/O (requires browser security permissions)
{{fine borderleft{
the plugin will try to obtain security permission for direct filesystem I/O. If you grant filesystem access to the script, then it writes the document directly to your filesystem, and doesn't use the server-side reflector script at all. This allows you to save a remote file to your local filesystem, even if your net connection drops after you open the document. Note: if filesystem permissions are not granted, the plugin will automatically attempt to use the server-side reflector script as a fallback... even if no longer connected to the net.}}}
<<option chkSaveFromWebPreFetch>> pre-fetch TW core source (in background) during document startup
{{fine borderleft{
this option causes the plugin to retrieve the TiddlyWiki core source as soon as you load the document, instead of waiting for the first time you save. This ensures that the TiddlyWiki core source can still be saved to the local filesystem even if your network connection is dropped before you save your changes. Note that, even without pre-fetching, the core source is always cached after it is retrieved, so that subsequent saves don't do extra work to get it again.}}}
Important note: while you can configure the plugin using the fields shown above, these settings will be stored as cookies, which are associated with the local browser installation, rather than the document itself. To "hard-code" these settings so they are always applied to the document when viewed from //any// browser, please see [[SaveFromWebConfig]].
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
[[SaveFromWebPlugin]], [[SaveFromWebConfig]]
On your web server, in the same directory as your published document, create a file called ''{{{savefromweb.php}}}'', containing the following PHP server-side script. //(note: you can actually give this script any name you like, and place it at //any// URL, even one that is on a different domain from the document you are saving. However, to do so you must specify the server-side script location using the plugin's configuration settings (see above).//
//{{{
<?php
// savefromweb.php
// Author: Eric L. Shulman / ELS Design Studios
// Source: http://www.TiddlyTools.com/savefromweb.php
// License: http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#LegalStatements
// Usage: install the php script on the server in the same directory as your TiddlyWiki document(s)
// This script acts as a 'reflector', so that any contents sent to it (via form POST) will
// be sent back to the browser as a binary file. The browser then prompts you to
// save the content to a local file. Because this process uses the browser's built-in
// download-and-save/open handler, it does not require security permissions to access
// the local filesystem.
$args=$_POST;
header('Pragma: private');
header('Cache-control: private, must-revalidate');
header('Content-type: application/binary; charset="UTF-8"');
header('Content-disposition: attachment; filename="'.$args['filename'].'"');
$c=$args['contents'];
$c=str_replace("\\'","'",$c); // decode single-quotes
$c=str_replace("\\\"","\"",$c); // decode double-quotes
$c=str_replace("\\\\","\\",$c); // decode backslashes
$c=str_replace("\r\n","\n",$c); // change CRLF to LF
print $c;
?>
//}}}
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.08.08 [1.3.0]'' added caching of the downloaded TW core source code so it only has to be retrieved once. Also, added an option to 'pre-fetch' the TW core when plugin is initialized, so that the download-and-cache will be performed, in background, each time the document is loaded/re-loaded. Also, added option to allow attempt to use direct filesystem access (bypassing the round-trip through the server-side reflector script) so you can save a remote file to your local filesystem, even if the connection to the network is dropped after the document was loaded into the browser. If local filesystem permissions are not granted, the plugin will still attempt to use the server-side reflector script as a fallback.
''2007.08.07 [1.2.0]'' removed 'download only' optimization: when a document is unchanged, instead of performing a simple download from server, the plugin now performs a full 'round-trip' process (i.e., download the TW source from a server, merge with current tiddlers, and then upload merged document and reflect back as a binary file). Although the round-trip takes longer, it does permit the reflector script to be located ANYWHERE on the net, at ANY valid URL, rather than having to be placed on the same server and in the same directory as the remote document. This should permit online services such as TiddlySpot to support SaveFromWebPlugin using a single hosted copy of the reflector script that can be shared by all users.
''2007.07.27 [1.1.1]'' new documentation and code cleanup
''2007.07.26 [1.1.0]'' re-wrote to support savefromweb.php remote "reflector" script. Allows use of browser's native download dialog to receive file as a fallback alternative to using local filesystem I/O (which would require additional security permissions)
''2007.06.27 [1.0.1]'' in saveFromWeb(), pass content from server through convertUnicodeToUTF8() before writing to file.
''2007.06.26 [1.0.0]'' initial release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by Eric L Shulman / ELS Design Studios
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.SaveFromWeb= {major: 1, minor: 3, revision: 0, date: new Date(2007,8,8)};
//}}}
//{{{
// DEFAULT SETTINGS
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebScriptURL==undefined)
config.options.txtSaveFromWebScriptURL="savefromweb.php";
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebTargetFilename==undefined)
config.options.txtSaveFromWebTargetFilename=""; // use current filename when blank
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile==undefined)
config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile=""; // use current URL when blank
if (config.options.chkSaveFromWebAttemptLocalIO==undefined)
config.options.chkSaveFromWebAttemptLocalIO=true; // true=try to use local filesystem I/O (requires security permissions)
if (config.options.chkSaveFromWebPreFetch==undefined)
config.options.chkSaveFromWebPreFetch=false; // true=retrieve TW core when document is first loaded
//}}}
//{{{
// OPTIONAL: get TW core source code when plugin is loaded (i.e., once per document session)
if (document.location.protocol!="file:" && config.options.chkSaveFromWebPreFetch) {
// retrieve TW source from server...
var src=document.location.href;
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile && config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile.length)
src=config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile;
var target=config.options.txtSaveFromWebTargetFilename;
if (!target.length) { // use current filename
var loc=document.location.pathname;
var slashpos=loc.lastIndexOf("/");
target=(slashpos==-1)?loc:loc.substr(slashpos+1);
if (!target.length) target=document.location.host+".html";
}
var xhr=loadRemoteFile(src,function(success,target,txt,src,xhr){if(success)config.saveFromWebSourceCache=txt;},target);
}
//}}}
//{{{
window.saveFromWeb_saveChanges = window.saveChanges;
window.saveChanges = function(onlyIfDirty,tiddlers) {
// if on file:, just use standard core save handling
if(document.location.protocol == "file:") { window.saveFromWeb_saveChanges.apply(this,arguments); return; }
// get target filename
var target=config.options.txtSaveFromWebTargetFilename;
if (!target.length) { // use current filename
var loc=document.location.pathname;
var slashpos=loc.lastIndexOf("/");
target=(slashpos==-1)?loc:loc.substr(slashpos+1);
if (!target.length) target=document.location.host+".html";
}
// get TW core source location
var src=document.location.href;
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile && config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile.length)
src=config.options.txtSaveFromWebSourceFile;
// if core source has already been cached, go straight to saving the file...
if (config.saveFromWebSourceCache)
{ window.saveFromWeb(true,target,config.saveFromWebSourceCache,src,null); return; }
// otherwise, retrieve TW source from server...
displayMessage("Retrieving TiddlyWiki core from "+src);
var xhr=loadRemoteFile(src,window.saveFromWeb,target);
if (!xhr) { // couldn't load remote, report core error message
displayMessage("Could not retrieve TiddlyWiki core... download unsuccessful.");
alert(config.messages.notFileUrlError);
if(store.tiddlerExists(config.messages.saveInstructions))
story.displayTiddler(null,config.messages.saveInstructions);
}
return;
}
//}}}
//{{{
window.saveFromWeb = function(success,target,txt,url,xhr) {
if(!success) {
displayMessage("Could not retrieve TiddlyWiki core... download unsuccessful.");
alert(config.messages.cantSaveError);
if(store.tiddlerExists(config.messages.saveInstructions))
story.displayTiddler(null,config.messages.saveInstructions);
return;
}
// Locate the storeArea div's in the original source
var posDiv = locateStoreArea(txt);
if(!posDiv) {
alert(config.messages.invalidFileError.format([url]));
return;
}
// cache the document source so subsequent saves don't have to retrieve the source each time
if (!config.saveFromWebSourceCache) config.saveFromWebSourceCache=txt;
// if we can get local filesystem access, then ask for a filename and merge/write the file
if (config.options.chkSaveFromWebAttemptLocalIO) {
try {
// get destination path+filename
var target=promptForFilename( "Save file as:","C:\\",target,"html"); // this be blocked by browser security
if (!target || !target.length) return;
saveBackup(target,txt);
saveRss(target);
saveEmpty(target,txt,posDiv);
saveMain(target,txt,posDiv);
return;
}
catch(e) {
displayMessage("Direct file access has been blocked by browser security settings.");
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebScriptURL.length)
displayMessage("Attempting to download document using server-side 'reflector' script...");
}
}
// otherwise, fallback to using online 'reflector' script (if any)
if (config.options.txtSaveFromWebScriptURL.length) {
displayMessage("Merging tiddlers with core and preparing for download...");
// create form in a hidden frame and submit it to server
var html='<input type="hidden" name="filename" value=""><input type="hidden" name="contents" value="">';
var form=window.createHiddenForm(config.options.txtSaveFromWebScriptURL,html);
form.filename.value=target;
form.contents.value=updateOriginal(txt,posDiv); // merge tiddlers with source and set into form field
form.submit();
}
}
//}}}
//{{{
window.createHiddenForm=function(action,body) {
var f=document.getElementById("saveFromWebFrame");
if (f) document.body.removeChild(f);
var f=createTiddlyElement(document.body,"iframe","saveFromWebFrame");
f.style.width="0px"; f.style.height="0px"; f.style.border="0px";
var d=f.document;
if (f.contentDocument) d=f.contentDocument; // For NS6
else if (f.contentWindow) d=f.contentWindow.document; // For IE5.5 and IE6
d.open();
d.writeln('<form target="_self" action="'+action+'" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">'+body+'</form>');
d.close();
return d.getElementsByTagName("form")[0];
}
//}}}
//{{{
// note: if blocked by browser security, this function will throw an error...
// the CALLING function should use "try{...} catch(e){...}" to handle the security errors
window.promptForFilename=function(msg,path,file,defext) {
var result="";
if(window.Components) { // moz
netscape.security.PrivilegeManager.enablePrivilege('UniversalXPConnect');
var nsIFilePicker = window.Components.interfaces.nsIFilePicker;
var picker = Components.classes['@mozilla.org/filepicker;1'].createInstance(nsIFilePicker);
picker.init(window, msg, nsIFilePicker.modeSave);
picker.displayDirectory=null;
picker.defaultExtension=defext;
picker.defaultString=file;
picker.appendFilters(nsIFilePicker.filterAll|nsIFilePicker.filterText|nsIFilePicker.filterHTML);
if (picker.show()!=nsIFilePicker.returnCancel) var result=picker.file.persistentDescriptor;
}
else { // IE (XP only)
var s = new ActiveXObject('UserAccounts.CommonDialog');
s.Filter='All files|*.*|Text files|*.txt|HTML files|*.htm;*.html|';
s.FilterIndex=1; // default to ALL files;
s.InitialDir=path;
s.FileName=file;
if (s.showOpen()) var result=s.FileName;
}
return result;
}
//}}}
|>|>|>|>|<<search>> |
| in:|titles |text |tags |hold |
||<<option chkSearchTitles>> |<<option chkSearchText>> |<<option chkSearchTags>> |<<option chkHoldSearches>> |
TiddlyWiki offers a number of powerful features for searching within a TiddlyWiki site. The built-in search features in TiddlyPerfect are enhance with the installation of [[SearchOptions plugin]] and [[YourSearchPlugin macro]]. The options you select will be saved in a cookie, and will remain in effect when you re-visit this site.
!!!Search Options
<<option chkSearchTitles>> Search in tiddler titles
<<option chkSearchText>> Search in tiddler text
<<option chkSearchTags>> Search in tiddler tags
<<option chkSearchTitlesFirst>> Search results show title matches first
<<option chkSearchList>> Search results show list of matching tiddlers
<<option chkSearchIncremental>> Incremental searching
!!!~YourSearch Options
<<option chkUseYourSearch>> Use 'Your Search'
<<option chkPreviewText>> Show Text Preview
<<option chkSearchAsYouType>> 'Search As You Type' Mode (No RETURN required to start search)
Default Search Filter: <<option chkSearchInTitle>>Titles ('!') <<option chkSearchInText>>Texts ('%') <<option chkSearchInTags>>Tags ('#') <html><br><font size="-2">The parts of a tiddlers that are searched when you don't explicitly specify a filter in the search text (using a '!', '%' or '#' prefix).</font></html>
Number of items on search result page: <<option txtItemsPerPage>>
Number of items on search result page with preview text: <<option txtItemsPerPageWithPreview>>
/***
|Name|''SearchOptions''|h
|Author|[[Eric Shulman]]|
|Version|2.2.1 (2006.02.03)|
|Description|Allows modification of search criteria.|
|Source|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#SearchOptionsPlugin|
|Licence|[[Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5 Licence]]|
***/
/***
The TiddlyWiki search function normally looks in both tiddler titles and tiddler body content ('text'). However, narrowing the search so that it examines only titles or only text, or expanding the search to include text contained in tiddler tags can be very helpful, especially when searching on common words or phrases. In addition, it is often useful for the search results to show tiddlers with matching titles before tiddlers that contain matching text or tags.
!!!!!Usage
<<<
This plugin adds checkboxes (see below and in AdvancedOptions) to let you selectively configure the TiddlyWiki search function to just examine any combination of tiddler titles, text, or tags. It also provides an option to switch the search results order between 'titles mixed in' (default) and 'titles shown first', as well as an option display the search results as a list of links (in an auto-generated "SearchResults" tiddler), rather than actually displaying all matching tiddlers. You can also enable/disable the "incremental search" (key-by-key searching), so that a search is only initiated when you press the ENTER key or click on the "search:" prompt text.
<<<
!!!!!Configuration
<<<
In additional to the checkboxes in AdvancedOptions, a self-contained control panel is included here for your convenience:
<<option chkSearchTitles>> Search tiddler titles
<<option chkSearchText>> Search tiddler text
<<option chkSearchTags>> Search in tiddler tags
<<option chkSearchTitlesFirst>> Show title matches first
<<option chkSearchList>> Show list of matching tiddlers
<<option chkSearchIncremental>> Incremental searching
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your document:
''SearchOptionsPlugin'' (tagged with <<tag systemConfig>>)
^^documentation and javascript for SearchOptionsPlugin handling^^
When installed, this plugin automatically adds checkboxes in the AdvancedOptions shadow tiddler so you can enable/disable the extended search behavior. However, if you have customized your AdvancedOptions, you will need to manually add {{{<<option chkSearchTitles>>}}}, {{{<<option chkSearchText>>}}} and {{{<<option chkSearchTitlesFirst>>}}} (with suitable prompt text) to your customized tiddler.
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2006.02.03 [2.2.1]''
rewrite timeout clearing code and blank search text handling to match 2.0.4 core release changes. note that core no longer permits "blank=all" searches, so neither does this plugin. To search for all, use "." with text patterns enabled.
''2006.02.02 [2.2.0]''
in search.handler(), KeyHandler() function clears 'left over' timeout when search input is < 3 chars. Prevents searching on shorter text when shortened by rapid backspaces (<500msec)
''2006.02.01 [2.1.9]''
in Story.prototype.search(), correct inverted logic for using/not using regular expressions when searching
also, blank search text now presents "No search text. Continue anyway?" confirm() message box, so search on blank can still be processed if desired by user.
''2006.02.01 [2.1.8]''
in doSearch(), added alert/return if search text is blank
''2006.01.20 [2.1.7]''
fixed setting of config.macros.search.reportTitle so that Tweaks can override it.
''2006.01.19 [2.1.6]''
improved SearchResults formatting, added a "search again" form to the report (based on a suggestion from MorrisGray)
define results report title using config.macros.search.reportTitle instead of hard-coding the tiddler title
''2006.01.18 [2.1.5]''
Created separate functions for reportSearchResults(text,matches) and discardSearchResults(), so that other developers can create alternative report generators.
''2006.01.17 [2.1.4]''
Use regExp.search() instead of regExp.test() to scan for matches. Correctd the problem where only half the matching tiddlers (the odd-numbered ones) were being reported.
''2006.01.15 [2.1.3]''
Added information (date/time, username, search options used) to SearchResults output
''2006.01.10 [2.1.2]''
use displayTiddlers() to render matched tiddlers. This lets you display multiple matching tiddlers, even if SinglePageModePlugin is enabled.
''2006.01.08 [2.1.1]''
corrected invalid variable reference, "txt.value" to "text" in story.search()
''2006.01.08 [2.1.0]''
re-write to match new store.search(), store.search.handler() and story.search() functions.
''2005.12.30 [2.0.0]''
Upgraded to TW2.0
when rendering SearchResults tiddler, closeTiddler() first to ensure display is refreshed.
''2005.12.26 [1.4.0]''
added option to search for matching text in tiddler tags
''2005.12.21 [1.3.7]''
use \\ to 'escape' single quotes in tiddler titles when generating "Open all matching tiddlers" link. Also, added access key: "O", to trigger "open all" link.
Based on a suggestion by UdoBorkowski.
''2005.12.18 [1.3.6]''
call displayMessage() AFTER showing matching tiddlers so message is not cleared too soon
''2005.12.17 [1.3.5]''
if no matches found, just display message and delete any existing SearchResults tiddler.
''2005.12.17 [1.3.4]''
use """{{{""" and """}}}""" to 'escape' display text in SearchResults tiddler to ensure that formatting contained in search string is not rendered
Based on a suggestion by UdoBorkowski.
''2005.12.14 [1.3.3]''
tag SearchResults tiddler with 'excludeSearch' so it won't list itself in subsequent searches
Based on a suggestion by UdoBorkowski.
''2005.12.14 [1.3.2]''
added "open all matching tiddlers..." link to search results output.
Based on a suggestion by UdoBorkowski.
''2005.12.10 [1.3.1]''
added "discard search results" link to end of search list tiddler output for quick self-removal of 'SearchResults' tiddler.
''2005.12.01 [1.3.0]''
added chkSearchIncremental to enable/disable 'incremental' searching (i.e., search after each keystroke) (default is ENABLED).
added handling for Enter key so it can be used to start a search.
Based on a suggestion by LyallPearce
''2005.11.25 [1.2.1]''
renamed from SearchTitleOrTextPlugin to SearchOptionsPlugin
''2005.11.25 [1.2.0]''
added chkSearchList option
Based on a suggestion by RodneyGomes
''2005.10.19 [1.1.0]''
added chkSearchTitlesFirst option.
Based on a suggestion by ChristianHauck
''2005.10.18 [1.0.0]''
Initial Release
<<<
!!!!!Credits
<<<
This feature was developed by [[Eric Shulman]] from [[ELS Design Studios|http:/www.elsdesign.com]].
Based on a suggestion by Lyall Pearce.
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.SearchTitleOrText = {major: 2, minor: 2, revision: 1, date: new Date(2006,2,3)};
//}}}
//{{{
if (config.options.chkSearchTitles==undefined) config.options.chkSearchTitles=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchText==undefined) config.options.chkSearchText=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchTags==undefined) config.options.chkSearchTags=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchTitlesFirst==undefined) config.options.chkSearchTitlesFirst=false;
if (config.options.chkSearchList==undefined) config.options.chkSearchList=false;
if (config.options.chkSearchIncremental==undefined) config.options.chkSearchIncremental=true;
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkSearchTitles>> Search in tiddler titles";
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkSearchText>> Search in tiddler text";
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkSearchTags>> Search in tiddler tags";
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkSearchTitlesFirst>> Search results show title matches first";
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkSearchList>> Search results show list of matching tiddlers";
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkSearchIncremental>> Incremental searching";
//}}}
//{{{
if (config.macros.search.reportTitle==undefined)
config.macros.search.reportTitle="SearchResults";
//}}}
//{{{
config.macros.search.handler = function(place,macroName,params)
{
var lastSearchText = "";
var searchTimeout = null;
var doSearch = function(txt)
{
if (txt.value.length>0)
{
story.search(txt.value,config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch,config.options.chkRegExpSearch);
lastSearchText = txt.value;
}
};
var clickHandler = function(e)
{
doSearch(this.nextSibling);
return false;
};
var keyHandler = function(e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
switch(e.keyCode)
{
case 13: // ELS: handle enter key
doSearch(this);
break;
case 27:
this.value = "";
clearMessage();
break;
}
if (config.options.chkSearchIncremental)
{
if(this.value.length > 2)
{
if(this.value != lastSearchText)
{
if(searchTimeout) clearTimeout(searchTimeout);
var txt = this;
searchTimeout = setTimeout(function() {doSearch(txt);},500);
}
}
else
if(searchTimeout) clearTimeout(searchTimeout);
}
};
var focusHandler = function(e)
{
this.select();
};
var btn = createTiddlyButton(place,this.label,this.prompt,clickHandler);
var txt = createTiddlyElement(place,"input",null,null,null);
if(params[0])
txt.value = params[0];
txt.onkeyup = keyHandler;
txt.onfocus = focusHandler;
txt.setAttribute("size",this.sizeTextbox);
txt.setAttribute("accessKey",this.accessKey);
txt.setAttribute("autocomplete","off");
if(config.browser.isSafari)
{
txt.setAttribute("type","search");
txt.setAttribute("results","5");
}
else
txt.setAttribute("type","text");
}
//}}}
//{{{
Story.prototype.search = function(text,useCaseSensitive,useRegExp)
{
highlightHack = new RegExp(useRegExp ? text : text.escapeRegExp(),useCaseSensitive ? "mg" : "img");
var matches = store.search(highlightHack,"title","excludeSearch");
var q = useRegExp ? "/" : "'";
clearMessage();
if (!matches.length) {
if (config.options.chkSearchList) discardSearchResults();
displayMessage(config.macros.search.failureMsg.format([q+text+q]));
} else {
if (config.options.chkSearchList)
reportSearchResults(text,matches);
else {
var titles = []; for(var t=0; t<matches.length; t++) titles.push(matches[t].title);
this.closeAllTiddlers(); story.displayTiddlers(null,titles);
displayMessage(config.macros.search.successMsg.format([matches.length, q+text+q]));
}
}
highlightHack = null;
}
//}}}
//{{{
TiddlyWiki.prototype.search = function(searchRegExp,sortField,excludeTag)
{
var candidates = this.reverseLookup("tags",excludeTag,false,sortField);
// scan for matching titles
var title_results = [];
if (config.options.chkSearchTitles)
for(var t=0; t<candidates.length; t++)
if(candidates[t].title.search(searchRegExp)!=-1)
title_results.push(candidates[t]);
// scan for matching text
var text_results = [];
if (config.options.chkSearchText)
for(var t=0; t<candidates.length; t++)
if(candidates[t].text.search(searchRegExp)!=-1)
text_results.push(candidates[t]);
// scan for matching tags
var tag_results = [];
if (config.options.chkSearchTags)
for(var t=0; t<candidates.length; t++)
if(candidates[t].tags.join(" ").search(searchRegExp)!=-1)
tag_results.push(candidates[t]);
// merge the results, eliminating redundant matches
var results = [];
for(var t=0; t<title_results.length; t++) results.pushUnique(title_results[t]);
for(var t=0; t<text_results.length; t++) results.pushUnique(text_results[t]);
for(var t=0; t<tag_results.length; t++) results.pushUnique(tag_results[t]);
// if not 'titles first', re-sort results to so titles, text and tag matches are mixed together
if(!sortField) sortField = "title";
var bySortField=function (a,b) {if(a[sortField] == b[sortField]) return(0); else return (a[sortField] < b[sortField]) ? -1 : +1; }
if (!config.options.chkSearchTitlesFirst) results.sort(bySortField);
return results;
}
//}}}
// // ''REPORT GENERATOR''
//{{{
if (!window.reportSearchResults) window.reportSearchResults=function(text,matches)
{
var title=config.macros.search.reportTitle
var q = config.options.chkRegExpSearch ? "/" : "'";
var body="";
// summary: nn tiddlers found matching '...', options used
body+="''"+config.macros.search.successMsg.format([matches.length,q+"{{{"+text+"}}}"+q])+"''\n";
body+="^^//searched in:// ";
body+=(config.options.chkSearchTitles?"''titles'' ":"");
body+=(config.options.chkSearchText?"''text'' ":"");
body+=(config.options.chkSearchTags?"''tags'' ":"");
if (config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch||config.options.chkRegExpSearch) {
body+=" //with options:// ";
body+=(config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch?"''case sensitive'' ":"");
body+=(config.options.chkRegExpSearch?"''text patterns'' ":"");
}
body+="^^";
// numbered list of links to matching tiddlers
body+="\n<<<";
for(var t=0;t<matches.length;t++) body+="\n# [["+matches[t].title+"]]";
body+="\n<<<\n";
// open all matches button
body+="<html><input type=\"button\" href=\"javascript:;\" ";
body+="onclick=\"story.displayTiddlers(null,["
for(var t=0;t<matches.length;t++)
body+="'"+matches[t].title.replace(/\'/mg,"\\'")+"'"+((t<matches.length-1)?", ":"");
body+="],1);\" ";
body+="accesskey=\"O\" ";
body+="value=\"open all matching tiddlers\"></html> ";
// discard search results button
body+="<html><input type=\"button\" href=\"javascript:;\" ";
body+="onclick=\"story.closeTiddler('"+title+"'); store.deleteTiddler('"+title+"');\" ";
body+="value=\"discard "+title+"\"></html>";
// search again
body+="\n\n----\n";
body+="<<search \""+text+"\">> ";
body+="<<option chkSearchTitles>>titles ";
body+="<<option chkSearchText>>text ";
body+="<<option chkSearchTags>>tags";
body+="<<option chkCaseSensitiveSearch>>case-sensitive ";
body+="<<option chkRegExpSearch>>text patterns";
// create/update the tiddler
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(title); if (!tiddler) tiddler=new Tiddler();
tiddler.set(title,body,config.options.txtUserName,(new Date()),"excludeLists excludeSearch");
store.addTiddler(tiddler); story.closeTiddler(title);
// use alternate "search again" label in <<search>> macro
var oldprompt=config.macros.search.label;
config.macros.search.label="search again";
// render tiddler
story.displayTiddler(null,title,1); // force refresh
// restore standard search label
config.macros.search.label=oldprompt;
}
if (!window.discardSearchResults) window.discardSearchResults=function()
{
// remove the tiddler
story.closeTiddler(config.macros.search.reportTitle);
store.deleteTiddler(config.macros.search.reportTitle);
}
//}}}
/***
|Name|''SettingsPlugin''|h
|Author|[[Udo Borkowski]]|
|Version|1.1.0 (2006.07.30)|
|Description||
|Source|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#SettingsPlugin|
|Licence|[[BSD open source licence]]|
|TW Version|2.0.7|
***/
/***
|''Documentation:''|[[SettingsPlugin Documentation]]|
|''~SourceCode:''|[[SettingsPlugin SourceCode]]|
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.5.0.2 or better; Internet Explorer 6.0|
^^This tiddler contains compressed source code. [[Full Source Code|SettingsPlugin SourceCode]].^^
***/
// /%
if(!version.extensions.SettingsPlugin){if(version.major<2){(function(){var s="Use TiddlyWiki 2.0 or better to run the Settings Plugin.";alert(s);throw s;})();}version.extensions.SettingsPlugin={major:1,minor:1,revision:0,date:new Date(2006,6,30),type:"plugin",source:"http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#SettingsPlugin",documentation:"[[SettingsPlugin Documentation]]",sourcecode:"[[SettingsPlugin SourceCode]]",author:"Udo Borkowski (ub [at] abego-software [dot] de)",licence:"[[BSD open source license (abego Software)]]",coreVersion:"2.0.7",browser:"Firefox 1.5.0.2 or better; Internet Explorer 6.0"};if(!window.abego){window.abego={};}if(!abego.setTiddlerText){abego.setTiddlerText=function(_2,_3,_4,_5,_6,_7){var _8=_2.getTiddler(_3);if(_8&&(_8.text==_4)){return;}var _9=config.options.chkForceMinorUpdate;var _a=!_8?_5:_8.tags;_2.suspendNotifications();try{_2.saveTiddler(_3,_3,_4,_9?undefined:config.options.txtUserName,_9?undefined:new Date(),_a);}finally{_2.resumeNotifications();}if(_7){_2.notify(_3,true);}if(!_6&&config.options.chkAutoSave){saveChanges();}};}(function(){var _b="PrivateSettings";var _c="chkUsePrivateSettings";var _d="chkMakeSettingPrivateWhenChanged";var _e=null;var _f=false;var _10=function(_11,s){var _13=s.split(";");var _14={};for(var c=0;c<_13.length;c++){var p=_13[c].indexOf("=");if(p!=-1){var _17=_13[c].substr(0,p).trim();var _18=_13[c].substr(p+1).trim();_11[_17]=unescape(_18);_14[_17]=true;}}return _14;};var _19=function(_1a){var s=store.getTiddlerText(_b);_e=s?_10(_1a,s):{};};var _1c=function(_1d){_10(_1d,document.cookie);};var _1e=function(){var _1f={};_1c(_1f);return _1f;};var _20=function(){var _21={};_19(_21);return _21;};var _22=function(_23,_24){document.cookie=_23+"="+escape(_24)+"; expires=Fri, 1 Jan 2038 12:00:00 UTC; path=/";};var _25=function(_26,s,_28){var _29=_20();if(s===null){if(!_e[_26]){return;}delete _29[_26];delete _e[_26];}else{var _2a=_29[_26];if(_2a!==undefined&&_2a==s){return;}_29[_26]=s;_e[_26]=true;}var t="";for(var i in _29){if(t){t+="; ";}t+=i+"="+escape(_29[i]);}abego.setTiddlerText(store,_b,t,["excludeLists","excludeSearch"],_28);if(!_28&&config.options.chkAutoSave){saveChanges();}};config.shadowTiddlers["BSD open source license (abego Software)"]="See [[Licence|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#%5B%5BBSD%20open%20source%20license%5D%5D]].";config.shadowTiddlers["SettingsPlugin Documentation"]="[[Documentation on abego Software website|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#%5B%5BSettingsPlugin%20Documentation%5D%5D]].\n\n^^You may copy the documentation tiddler from the website to your TiddlyWiki.\nThen you don't need to access the internet to read the documentation.^^";config.shadowTiddlers["SettingsPlugin SourceCode"]="Rightclick this [[link|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/src/Plugin-Settings-src.js]] and choose 'Save target/link as...' to get the plugin source code from the abego Software website.";config.shadowTiddlers["Show Settings"]="<<showSettings>>";if(config.options[_c]===undefined){config.options[_c]=false;}if(config.options[_d]===undefined){config.options[_d]=false;}config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions+="\n''Private Settings: ''<<option "+_c+">> Use private settings. <<option "+_d+">> Make setting private when changed.   [[Show Settings]].\n^^(Private settings are stored in this ~TiddlyWiki, shared settings are stored as cookies. For more information see the [[Settings documentation|SettingsPlugin Documentation]].)^^";abego.usePrivateSettings=function(){return _f;};abego.setUsePrivateSettings=function(f){if(f!=abego.usePrivateSettings()){_f=f;loadOptionsCookie();}};abego.isUsePrivateSettingsOption=function(_2e){return _2e==_c;};abego.makeSettingPrivateWhenChanged=function(){return config.options[_d];};abego.setMakeSettingPrivateWhenChanged=function(f){config.options[_d]=f;};abego.getSettings=function(){var _30={};_1c(_30);_f=_30[_c]=="true";if(abego.usePrivateSettings()){_19(_30);}return _30;};abego.getSetting=function(_31){var s=abego.getSettings()[_31];return !s?"":s;};abego.saveSetting=function(_33,_34){if(abego.isUsePrivateSettingsOption(_33)){_22(_33,_34);abego.setUsePrivateSettings(_34=="true");loadOptionsCookie();window.alert("You changed the 'Use private settings' option.\nPlease reload your TiddlyWiki to update the settings.\n");return;}if(abego.usePrivateSettings()&&(abego.isSettingPrivate(_33)||abego.makeSettingPrivateWhenChanged())){_25(_33,_34);}else{_22(_33,_34);}};abego.isSettingPrivate=function(_35){if(abego.isUsePrivateSettingsOption(_35)){return false;}if(!_e){_20();}return !!_e[_35];};abego.isPasswordSetting=function(_36){return (_36.substr(0,3)=="pas")||(_36.substr(0,6)=="chkpas");};abego.makeSettingPrivate=function(_37,_38,_39){if(abego.isPasswordSetting(_37)){_25(_37,null,_39);return;}var _3a=_20();var _3b=_3a[_37]!==undefined;if(_38==_3b){return;}var _3c=_1e();if(_38){_25(_37,_3c[_37],_39);}else{if(_3c[_37]===undefined){_22(_37,_3a[_37]);}_25(_37,null,_39);}};abego.setAllSettingsPrivate=function(_3d,_3e){var _3f=abego.getSettings();for(var s in _3f){abego.makeSettingPrivate(s,_3d,true);}if(config.options.chkAutoSave){saveChanges();}if(_3e){story.refreshTiddler(_3e,1,true);}return false;};})();config.macros.showSettings={label:"showSettings",prompt:"Display the current TiddlyWiki settings"};config.macros.showSettings.handler=function(_41,_42,_43,_44,_45,_46){var _47=function(a){var s=a.substr(0,3);return s=="txt"||s=="chk";};var _4a=function(a,b){var s1=a.toLowerCase();var s2=b.toLowerCase();return (s1<s2)?-1:(s1==s2)?0:1;};var _4f=function(a,b){var _52=_47(a);var _53=_47(b);if(_52){if(!_53){return -1;}else{return _4a(a.substr(3),b.substr(3));}}else{if(_53){return 1;}else{return _4a(a,b);}}};var s="<html><table><tr align=\"left\"><th>Private</th><th>Name</th><th>Value</th></tr>";var c=abego.getSettings();var _56=[];for(var i in c){if(!abego.isPasswordSetting(i)){_56.push(i);}}_56.sort(_4f);for(i=0;i<_56.length;i++){var _58=_56[i];var _59=_47(_58)?_58.substr(3)+" ("+_58.substr(0,3)+"...)":_58;var _5a=abego.isUsePrivateSettingsOption(_58)?"":"<input name=\""+_58+"\" type=\"checkbox\" onclick=\"abego.onPrivateSettingClick(this)\""+(abego.isSettingPrivate(_58)?" checked":"")+"/>";s+="<tr><td align=\"right\">"+_5a+"</td><td>"+_59+"</td><td>"+c[_58]+"</td></tr>\n";}s+="</table>";s+="<a class=\"button\" title=\"Make all current settings private\" href=\"javascript:;\" onclick=\"abego.setAllSettingsPrivate(true,'"+_46.title+"',1);\">Make all private</a>";s+="<a class=\"button\" title=\"Make all current settings shared\" href=\"javascript:;\" onclick=\"abego.setAllSettingsPrivate(false,'"+_46.title+"',1);\">Make all shared</a>";s+="</html>";wikify(s,_41);};abego.onPrivateSettingClick=function(_5b){abego.makeSettingPrivate(_5b.name,_5b.checked);return false;};this.loadOptionsCookie=function(){if(safeMode){return;}var _5c=abego.getSettings();for(var _5d in _5c){var _5e=_5c[_5d];switch(_5d.substr(0,3)){case "txt":config.options[_5d]=unescape(_5e);break;case "chk":config.options[_5d]=_5e=="true";break;}}};this.saveOptionCookie=function(_5f){if(safeMode){return;}var v="";switch(_5f.substr(0,3)){case "txt":v=config.options[_5f].toString();break;case "chk":v=config.options[_5f]?"true":"false";break;}abego.saveSetting(_5f,v);};loadOptionsCookie();}
// %/
This set of shadowed tiddlers contain, and display key items for visitors, browsers and search engines. For convenience of reference, the current contents of some of these tiddlers is also displayed using the built in {{{<<tiddler>>}}} macro. Once you have [[downloaded this web site|Download this web site]], the ''Setup Menu'' serves as a control panel from which you can re-organize and customize and discover how it can work for you and members of your community - who can in turn download your organization's Framework for Climate Change Action TiddlyWiki page ...
* SiteTitle - the short title for the site; displayed by the browser and at the head of the page and included in the page's "title tag"
>> ''<<tiddler SiteTitle>>''
* SiteSubtitle - a subtitle for the site, also displayed by the browser and at the head of the page and included in the page's "title tag"
>> ''<<tiddler SiteSubtitle>>''
* SiteUrl - the Url where the page is hosted; be sure to define this correctly if you will be generating an XML page
>> <<tiddler SiteUrl>>
* DefaultTiddlers - list of tiddlers displayed when the page is opened
>> <<tiddler DefaultTiddlers>>
* MainMenu - the Main Menu, displayed here in the left sidebar, and a key to effective navigation - makes extensive use of sub-menus using the NestedSlidersPlugin, The Main Menu incorporates an [[Administrative Menu]]. a component that includes common site tools & a nested set of [[Tiddler Administration]] menus , incorporating tiddlers that include [[New Search]] and [[Menu Widgets]], for modifying and reconfiguring the appearance and organization of the page
>> <<tiddler MainMenu>>
* MarkupPreHead - "meta tags" for browsers & search engines & to define the opening [[Splash Screen]], displayed below:
<<tiddler "Splash Screen">>
* [[Templates & Stylesheets]] - These tiddlers allow you to change the appearance, colors, font types and sizes of your own Climate Change Summer - or of any other TiddlyWiki pages you and your friends may develop and build
>> <<tiddler "Templayes & Stylesheets">>
* [[More Menus|Menus]]
This tiddler uses the syntax {{{<<list shadowed>>}}} to display a list of "shadow tiddlers" - tiddlers that are automatically generated with default values by TiddlyWiki, or by installed [[Plugin Macros]], if the tiddler has not been edited. These shadow tiddlers can be edited, but remain classified as shadow tiddlers.
<<list shadowed>>
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Freshening of high-latitude oceans as a result of snow and ice melt and increased high-latitude precipitation has the potential over a period of decades to centuries to reduce ocean-water density enough to sharply slow deep-water formation.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Slowing of the North Atlantic deep-water circulation would likely exacerbate the rate of sea-level rise and reduce marine carbon uptake.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
In the North Atlantic region, a slowdown would diminish winter warming over Europe while increasing the rate of sea-level rise. For the world, the slowdown would likely reduce ocean productivity and alter climatic patterns, possibly reducing tropical precipitation and reducing food production in that region.
!!!Note
Deep-water formation, which occurs mainly in the North Atlantic and in the Southern Ocean surrounding Antarctica, takes place when surface waters become so salty and cold that they are denser than waters below them, causing these waters to sink to the ocean depths (hence the name deep water). The sinking waters offset the wind-driven upward motion of deep water elsewhere in the world that over time has been slightly warmed by the downward mixing of surface heat. This cycling of water through the formation and then upward movement of deep watertakes, on average, about 1,000 years, creating what has been likened to a global ocean conveyor belt that, through evaporation at low latitudes and heat release in winter at high latitudes, affects the global climate while keeping the deep ocean cold, limiting the rate of sea-level rise, and bringing nutrients to the surface in upwelling regions, thereby supplying ocean fisheries. This cycling, along with the biological activity that is induced, also helps the ocean to each year take up about one-third of current CO2 emissions, thus limiting global warming. For these reasons, potential slowing of the rate of deep-water formation could have serious consequences for the climate, the environment, and society.
/*{{{*/
#sidebar {
position: absolute;
right: 3px;
width: 16em;
font-size: .9em;
}
#sidebarOptions {
padding-top: 0.3em;
}
#sidebarOptions a {
margin: 0em 0.2em;
padding: 0.2em 0.3em;
display: block;
}
#sidebarOptions input {
margin: 0.4em 0.5em;
}
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel {
margin-left: 1em;
padding: 0.5em;
font-size: .85em;
}
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel a {
font-weight: bold;
display: inline;
padding: 0;
}
#sidebarOptions .sliderPanel input {
margin: 0 0 .3em 0;
}
#sidebarTabs .tiddlyLinkExisting {
font-weight: bold;
font-style: normal;
}
#sidebarTabs .tabContents {
width: 15em;
overflow: hidden;
}
/*}}}*/
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Warming of the Pacific Ocean has the potential to alter the cycling of tropical ocean temperatures, significantly altering the intensity of the monsoons and storm tracks.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
The nations of the Pacific depend on the cycling of El Nino and La Nina events, and increasing the frequency and intensity of El Nino events would likely cause greater flooding in some regions and intensified drought in others.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
In the Pacific region, some countries would face greater drought while others would face inundating rains. Globally, the greater variability and intensity of events would likely lead to disruption of trading and some nations' economies.
''Simon Baird'' is an active and creative member of the [[TiddlyWiki Developer Community]] and developer of the MonkeyPirateTiddlyWiki - [[tiddlyspot.com/mptw/|http://tiddlyspot.com/mptw/]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap "tiddlywiki developer">> |
''Site Maps'' - made possible through the [[siteMap plugin macro]] - combined with the use of [[networked tiddler tags|Networked tiddler tags]] - offer a powerful way of organizing and presenting the tiddlers in a TiddlyWiki web site. Recent development of this site has focused on the development of site maps, and adding them by default to the tiddler for each of the [[Tiddler tags]]. If a tag - displayed above the upper right corner of each tiddler - is in bold, clicking on it will bring up a brief description of the tag, often with a like to a relevant tiddler,, followed bt site maps for the tag and for the tags associated with that tag.
If the tag is displayed in italic, clicking on the tag will display a '[[shadow tiddler|Shadow tiddlers]] with a display of all the tiddlers with that tag.
The following example is based on the syntax {{{|<<siteMap cc2.0>> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |}}}
<<<
|<<siteMap cc2.0>> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |
<<<
You can subscribe to a [[RSS feed]] for this site at http://www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-spm/rss.xml
A Creative Commons ~TiddlyWiki edition of the Summary for Policymakers, from Climate Change 2.0@@font-size:85%;
//based on Draft copy, 16 November, 2007 23:04 – Subject to final copyedit//@@
Climate Change 2007: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report
http://www.climate-change-two.net/ar4-spm/
Demo of slider formatting in [[siteMap plugin macro]]
|!w.o sliders|!sliders|!openSliders|!popups|
|{{{<<siteMap cc2.0>>}}}|{{{<<siteMap cc2.0 . sliders>>}}}|{{{<<siteMap cc2.0 . openSliders>>}}}|{{{<<siteMap cc2.0 . popups>>}}}|
|<<siteMap 2.0>> |<<siteMap cc2.0 . sliders>> |<<siteMap cc2.0 . openSliders>> |<<siteMap cc2.0 . popups>> |
* By 2020, between 75 and 250 million of people are projected to be exposed to increased water stress due to climate change;
* By 2020, in some countries, yields from rain-fed agriculture could be reduced by up to 50%. Agricultural production, including access to food, in many African countries is projected to be severely compromised. This would further adversely affect food security and exacerbate malnutrition;
* Towards the end of the 21st century, projected sea-level rise will affect low-lying coastal areas with large populations. The cost of adaptation could amount to at least 5-10% of Gross Domestic Product (GDP);
* By 2080, an increase of 5-8% of arid and semi-arid land in Africa is projected under a range of climate scenarios (TS).
* By the 2050s, freshwater availability in Central, South, East and ~South-East Asia, particularly in large river basins, is projected to decrease;
* Coastal areas, especially heavily-populated megadelta regions in South, East and ~South-East Asia, will be at greatest risk due to increased flooding from the sea and, in some megadeltas, flooding from the rivers;
* Climate change is projected to compound the pressures on natural resources and the environment, associated with rapid urbanization, industrialization and economic development;
* Endemic morbidity and mortality due to diarrhoeal disease primarily associated with floods and droughts are expected to rise in East, South and ~South-East Asia due to projected changes in the hydrological cycle.
* By 2020, significant loss of biodiversity is projected to occur in some ecologically rich sites including the Great Barrier Reef and Queensland Wet Tropics;
* By 2030, water security problems are projected to intensify in southern and eastern Australia and, in New Zealand, in Northland and some eastern regions;
* By 2030, production from agriculture and forestry is projected to decline over much of southern and eastern Australia, and over parts of eastern New Zealand, due to increased drought and fire. However, in New Zealand, initial benefits are projected in some other regions.;
* By 2050, ongoing coastal development and population growth in some areas of Australia and New Zealand are projected to exacerbate risks from sea level rise and increases in the severity and frequency of storms and coastal flooding.
* Climate change is expected to magnify regional differences in Europe’s natural resources and assets. Negative impacts will include increased risk of inland flash floods, and more frequent coastal flooding and increased erosion (due to storminess and sea-level rise);
* Mountainous areas will face glacier retreat, reduced snow cover and winter tourism, and extensive species losses (in some areas up to 60% under high emissions scenarios by 2080);
* In Southern Europe, climate change is projected to worsen conditions (high temperatures and drought) in a region already vulnerable to climate variability, and to reduce water availability, hydropower potential, summer tourism and, in general, crop productivity;
* Climate change is also projected to increase the health risks due to heat-waves, and the frequency of wildfires.
* By mid century, increases in temperature and associated decreases in soil water are projected to lead to gradual replacement of tropical forest by savanna in eastern Amazonia. Semi-arid vegetation will tend to be replaced by arid-land vegetation.
* There is a risk of significant biodiversity loss through species extinction in many areas of tropical Latin America;
* Productivity of some important crops is projected to decrease and livestock productivity to decline, with adverse consequences for food security. In temperate zones soybean yields are projected to increase. Overall, the number of people at risk of hunger is projected to increase (TS; medium confidence).
* Changes in precipitation patterns and the disappearance of glaciers are projected to significantly affect water availability for human consumption, agriculture and energy generation.
* Warming in western mountains is projected to cause decreased snowpack, more winter flooding, and reduced summer flows, exacerbating competition for over-allocated water resources;
* In the early decades of the century, moderate climate change is projected to increase aggregate yields of rain-fed agriculture by 5-20%, but with important variability among regions. Major challenges are projected for crops that are near the warm end of their suitable range or which depend on highly utilized water resources;
* During the course of this century, cities that currently experience heatwaves are expected to be further challenged by an increased number, intensity and duration of heatwaves during the course of the century, with potential for adverse health impacts;
* Coastal communities and habitats will be increasingly stressed by climate change impacts interacting with development and pollution.
Unless stated explicitly, all entries are from [[WGII SPM text|Climate Change 2007: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Summary for Policy Makers]], and are either very high confidence or high confidence statements, reflecting different sectors ([[Agriculture|Sector: Agriculture]], [[Ecosystems|Sector: Ecosystems]], [[Water|Sector: Water]], [[Coasts|Sector: Coasts]], [[Health|Sector: Health]], [[Industry|Sector: Industry]] and [[Settlements|Sector: Settlements]]). The WGII SPM refers to the source of the statements, timelines and temperatures. The magnitude and timing of impacts that will ultimately be realized will vary with the amount and rate of climate change, emission scenarios, development pathways and adaptation.
* The main projected biophysical effects are reductions in thickness and extent of glaciers and ice sheets and sea ice, and changes in natural ecosystems with detrimental effects on many organisms including migratory birds, mammals and higher predators;
* For human communities in the Arctic, impacts, particularly those resulting from changing snow and ice conditions are projected to be mixed;
* Detrimental impacts would include those on infrastructure and traditional indigenous ways of life;
* In both polar regions, specific ecosystems and habitats are projected to be vulnerable, as climatic barriers to species invasions are lowered.
* Sea-level rise is expected to exacerbate inundation, storm surge, erosion and other coastal hazards, thus threatening vital infrastructure, settlements and facilities that support the livelihood of island communities;
* Deterioration in coastal conditions, for example through erosion of beaches and coral bleaching is expected to affect local resources;
* By mid-century, climate change is expected to reduce water resources in many small islands, e.g., in the Caribbean and Pacific, to the point where they become insufficient to meet demand during low-rainfall periods.
* With higher temperatures, increased invasion by non-native species is expected to occur, particularly on mid- and high-latitude islands.
/***
|''Name:''|SparklinePlugin|
|''Description:''|Sparklines macro|
***/
//{{{
if(!version.extensions.SparklinePlugin) {
version.extensions.SparklinePlugin = {installed:true};
//--
//-- Sparklines
//--
config.macros.sparkline = {};
config.macros.sparkline.handler = function(place,macroName,params)
{
var data = [];
var min = 0;
var max = 0;
var v;
for(var t=0; t<params.length; t++) {
v = parseInt(params[t]);
if(v < min)
min = v;
if(v > max)
max = v;
data.push(v);
}
if(data.length < 1)
return;
var box = createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"sparkline",String.fromCharCode(160));
box.title = data.join(",");
var w = box.offsetWidth;
var h = box.offsetHeight;
box.style.paddingRight = (data.length * 2 - w) + "px";
box.style.position = "relative";
for(var d=0; d<data.length; d++) {
var tick = document.createElement("img");
tick.border = 0;
tick.className = "sparktick";
tick.style.position = "absolute";
tick.src = "data:image/gif,GIF89a%01%00%01%00%91%FF%00%FF%FF%FF%00%00%00%C0%C0%C0%00%00%00!%F9%04%01%00%00%02%00%2C%00%00%00%00%01%00%01%00%40%02%02T%01%00%3B";
tick.style.left = d*2 + "px";
tick.style.width = "2px";
v = Math.floor(((data[d] - min)/(max-min)) * h);
tick.style.top = (h-v) + "px";
tick.style.height = v + "px";
box.appendChild(tick);
}
};
}
//}}}
<html>
<style type="text/css">#contentWrapper {display:none;}</style>
<div id="SplashScreen" style="border: 3px solid #ccc; display: block; text-align: center; width: 90%; margin: 10px auto; padding: 10px; color:#000; font-size: 16px; font-family:comic sans ms,Bookman Old Style; background-color:#eee;">
<img src="ipcc.gif">
<br>
<h1>Climate Change 2007: IPCC Fourth Assessment Report</h1>
<h2>A Creative Commons TiddlyWiki edition of the
<br>
Summary for Policymakers, from Climate Change 2.0</h2>
<h3><i>based on Draft copy, 16 November, 2007 23:04 – Subject to final copyedit</i></h3>
<p>
<span style="font-size: 14px; color:red;">Requires Javascript.
<br>
Please be patient while TiddlyWiki is loading<blink> ...</blink></span>
<p>
<img src="http://www.climate-change-two.net/cc2t-400x102.png" alt="Climate Change 2.0">
<br>
<h1>Welcome to a universe where knowledge is wealth</h1>
<h2<and in which abundance is not constrained by the laws of conservation of mass and energy</h2>
<br>
Networked Intelligence in Response to the Dangers & Opportunities of a Global Climate Change Crisis
<br>
in an Evolving Creative Commons, Open Source TiddlyWiki & TiddlyPerfect Climate
<br>
<br>
<b>Information and Communications Sub-Committee
<br>
NGO Committee on Education
<br>
Conference Of Non-Governmental Organizations</b>
<br>
in Consultative Relations with the United Nations
<br>
<img src="http://www.climate-change-summer.net/congo.jpg" alt="logo of the Conference Of Non-Governmental Organizations">
<br>
<br>
<b>Networking Sub-Committee
<br>
Planning Committee
<br>
60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference</b>
<br>
September 5-7, 2007
<br>
<img src="http://www.climate-change-summer.net/60dpingo-logo-400x51.jpg" alt="Climate Change - logo for the 60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference">
<br>
<br>
<b>Information Habitat: Where Information Lives</b>
<br>
<i>practicing the profession of information ecology, holistic life science for a knowledge-based universe</i>
</div>
</html>
/***
''Inspired by [[TiddlyPom|http://www.warwick.ac.uk/~tuspam/tiddlypom.html]]''
|Name|SplashScreenPlugin|
|Created by|SaqImtiaz|
|Location|http://tw.lewcid.org/#SplashScreenPlugin|
|Version|0.21 |
|Requires|~TW2.08+|
!Description:
Provides a simple splash screen that is visible while the TW is loading.
!Installation
Copy the source text of this tiddler to your TW in a new tiddler, tag it with systemConfig and save and reload. The SplashScreen will now be installed and will be visible the next time you reload your TW.
!Customizing
Once the SplashScreen has been installed and you have reloaded your TW, the splash screen html will be present in the MarkupPreHead tiddler. You can edit it and customize to your needs.
!History
* 20-07-06 : version 0.21, modified to hide contentWrapper while SplashScreen is displayed.
* 26-06-06 : version 0.2, first release
!Code
***/
//{{{
var old_lewcid_splash_restart=restart;
restart = function()
{ if (document.getElementById("SplashScreen"))
document.getElementById("SplashScreen").style.display = "none";
if (document.getElementById("contentWrapper"))
document.getElementById("contentWrapper").style.display = "block";
old_lewcid_splash_restart();
if (splashScreenInstall)
{if(config.options.chkAutoSave)
{saveChanges();}
displayMessage("TW SplashScreen has been installed, please save and refresh your TW.");
}
}
var oldText = store.getTiddlerText("MarkupPreHead");
if (oldText.indexOf("SplashScreen")==-1)
{var siteTitle = store.getTiddlerText("SiteTitle");
var splasher='\n\n<style type="text/css">#contentWrapper {display:none;}</style><div id="SplashScreen" style="border: 3px solid #ccc; display: block; text-align: center; width: 320px; margin: 100px auto; padding: 50px; color:#000; font-size: 28px; font-family:Tahoma; background-color:#eee;"><b>'+siteTitle +'</b> is loading<blink> ...</blink><br><br><span style="font-size: 14px; color:red;">Requires Javascript.</span></div>';
if (! store.tiddlerExists("MarkupPreHead"))
{var myTiddler = store.createTiddler("MarkupPreHead");}
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!Header 1
!!Header 2
!!!Header 3
!!!!Header 4
!!!!!Header 5
<html>
<table border=0 style="background-color: #fff; padding: 5px;" cellspacing=0>
<tr><td>
<img src="http://groups.google.com/groups/img/3nb/groups_bar.gif"
height=26 width=132 alt="Google Groups">
</td></tr>
<tr><td style="padding-left: 5px">
<b>Subscribe to NGO Framework on Climate Change Action & Information</b>
</td></tr>
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Email: <input type=text name=email>
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<a href="http://groups.google.com/group/ngo-framework">Visit this group</a>
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Sylvan M. Barnet, Jr. has had 60 years of experience in international communications in the fields of publishing, public relations, advertising and government. He is a graduate of Yale University and the U. S. Naval War College. In publishing, he was at the U.S. News & World Report and was Publisher of the International Herald Tribune in Paris and New York. In public relations, Mr. Barnet was Chairman of International Public Relations and Vice President of Public Relations for American Airlines. He was Director of the U.S. Travel Service, Department of Commerce and Executive Director of the International Advertising Association.
Mr. Barnet had been the representative for Rotary International since 1988. At Rotary International he has served as Vice Chair, Rhode Island Committee for U. N. Delegation and Diplomatic Relations and a member of the Rhode Island Diplomatic Protocol Committee. His United Nations experience includes Past Chair of the ~Non-Governmental Organizations Executive Committee, DPI, of the NGO Committees on Sustainable Development and Population and Development. He is the founder of the NGO Committee on Education, Chair of the Advisory Council, United Nations Association, NY, and a member of the National Council, ~UNA-USA.
{{clear{
|>|>|''Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers'' |[[pdf|http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-spm.pdf]] |h
|>|>|''Synthesis Report: Longer Report'' |h
| | |http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr.pdf |
| |>|[[Introduction|Synthesis Report: Introduction]] |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-introduction.pdf |
||Topic 1 |[[Observed changes in climate and their effects|Topic 1. Observed changes in climate and their effects]] |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-1.pdf |
||Topic 2 |Causes of change |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-2.pdf |
||Topic 3 |Climate change and its impacts in the near and long term under different scenarios |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-3.pdf |
| |Topic 4 |Adaptation and mitigation options and responses, and the interrelationship with sustainable development, at global and regional levels |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-4.pdf |
| |Topic 5 |The long-term perspective: scientific and socio-economic aspects relevant to adaptation and mitigation, consistent with the objectives and provisions of the Convention, and in the context of sustainable development |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-5.pdf |
| |Topic 6 |Robust findings, key uncertainties |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-topic-6.pdf |
| |>|Appendices |h
| ||http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-appendix.pdf |
<html><h2 align="center">Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
<br>
Fourth Assessment Report
<br>
Climate Change 2007: Synthesis Report</h2>
<br>
<h1 align="center">Longer Report</h1>
<br>
<h3 align="center">NOTE: Un-edited copy prepared for COP-13. The entire report
<br>
is subject to final copy-edit prior to its final publication.</h3></html>
<<<
Based on a draft prepared by:
''Core Writing Team'':
> Lenny Bernstein, Peter Bosch, Osvaldo Canziani, Zhenlin Chen, Renate Christ, Ogunlade Davidson, William Hare, Saleemul Huq, David Karoly, Vladimir Kattsov, Zbigniew Kundzewicz, Jian Liu, Ulrike Lohmann, Martin Manning, Taroh Matsuno, Bettina Menne, Bert Metz, Monirul Mirza, Neville Nicholls, Leonard Nurse, Rajendra Pachauri, Jean Palutikof, Martin Parry, Dahe Qin, Nijavalli Ravindranath, Andy Reisinger, Jiawen Ren, Keywan Riahi, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Matilde Rusticucci, Stephen Schneider, Youba Sokona, Susan Solomon, Peter Stott, Ronald Stouffer, Taishi Sugiyama, Rob Swart, Dennis Tirpak, Coleen Vogel, Gary Yohe
''Extended Writing Team'':
> Terry Barker
''Review Editors'':
> Bubu Pateh Jallow, Lučka Kajfež-Bogataj, Roxana Bojariu, David Hawkins, Sandra Diaz, Hoesung Lee, Abdelkader Allali, Ismail Elgizouli, David Wratt, Olav Hohmeyer, Dave Griggs, Neil Leary
''References in curly brackets'' { } in this Synthesis Report refer to the Summaries for Policymakers (SPMs), Technical Summaries (TS), Chapters, Tables and Figures of the contributions of Working Groups I, II and III (WGI, WGII, WGIII) to the Fourth Assessment Report (AR4), the Third Assessment Report (TAR) and to Special Reports (SROC: Special Report on Safeguarding the Ozone Layer and the Global Climate System; SRES: Special Report on Emission Scenarios).
<<<
This Synthesis Report is based on the assessment carried out by the three Working Groups of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). It provides an integrated view of climate change as the final part of the IPCC’s Fourth Assessment Report (AR4).
Topic 1 summarises observed changes in climate and their effects on natural and human systems, regardless of their causes, while topic 2 assesses the causes of the observed changes. Topic 3 presents projections of future climate change and related impacts under different scenarios.
Topic 4 discusses adaptation and mitigation options over the next few decades and their interactions with sustainable development. Topic 5 assesses the relationship between adaptation and mitigation on a more conceptual basis and takes a longer-term perspective. Topic 6 summarises the major robust findings and remaining key uncertainties in this assessment.
A schematic framework representing anthropogenic drivers, impacts of, and responses to climate change and their linkages, is shown in Figure I.1. At the time of the Third Assessment Report (TAR) in 2001, information was mainly available to describe the linkages clockwise, i.e. to derive climatic changes and impacts from socio-economic information and emissions. With increased understanding of these linkages, it is now possible to assess the linkages also counterclockwise, i.e. to evaluate possible development pathways and global emissions constraints that would reduce the risk of future impacts that society may wish to avoid.
''Schematic framework of anthropogenic climate change drivers, impacts and responses''
''Figure I.1''. Schematic framework representing anthropogenic drivers, impacts of, and responses to climate change, and their linkages.
<<<
{{clear{
| ''Treatment of uncertainty'' |
|<<tiddler "Synthesis Report: Treatment of uncertainty">> |
}}}
<<<
http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/syr-introduction.pdf
This Synthesis Report is based on the assessment carried out by the three Working Groups of the IPCC.[[*|SPM Introduction: Supplementary link 1]] It provides an integrated view of climate change as the final part of the IPCC‘s Fourth Assessment Report.
A complete elaboration of the topics covered in this summary can be found in this Synthesis Report and in the underlying reports of the three Working Groups.**
{{clear{
||>|>|''Preface to this edition'' +++ <<tiddler "Preface to this edition">> === |h
||>|>|[[Introduction|Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers: Introduction]] +++ <<tiddler "Synthesis Report: Summary for Policymakers: Introduction">> === |h
|''1.'' |>|>|[[Observed changes in climate and their effects|1. Observed changes in climate and their effects]] +++ <<tiddler "1. Observed changes in climate and their effects">> === |h
| | [[Figure 1a|Figure 1a. Changes in global average surface temperature]] |[img[fig-01a-tn.jpg]] |[[Changes in global average surface temperature|Figure 1a. Changes in global average surface temperature]] |
| | [[Figure 1b|Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level]] |[img[fig-01b-tn.jpg]] |[[Changes in global average sea level|Figure 1b. Changes in global average sea level]] |
| | [[Figure 1c|Figure 1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover]] |[img[fig-01c-tn.jpg]] |[[Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover|Figure 1c. Changes in Northern Hemisphere snow cover]] |
| | [[Figure 2|Figure 2. Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004]] |[img[fig-02-tn.jpg]] |[[Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004|Figure 2. Changes in physical and biological systems and surface temperature 1970-2004]] |
|''2.'' |>|>|[[Causes of change|2. Causes of change]] +++ <<tiddler "2. Causes of change">> === |h
| | [[Figure 3|Figure 3. Global anthropogenic GHG emissions]] |[img[fig-03-tn.jpg]] |[[Global anthropogenic GHG emissions|Figure 3. Global anthropogenic GHG emissions]] |
| | [[Figure 4|Figure 4. Global and continental temperature change]] |[img[fig-04-tn.jpg]] |[[Global and continental temperature change|Figure 4. Global and continental temperature change]] |
|''3.'' |>|>|[[Projected climate change and its impacts|3. Projected climate change and its impacts]] +++ <<tiddler "3. Projected climate change and its impacts">> === |h
| | [[Figure 5|Figure 5. Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures]] |[img[fig-05-tn.jpg]] |[[Figure 5. Scenarios for GHG emissions from 2000 to 2100 (in the absence of additional climate policies) and projections of surface temperatures]] |
| | [[Table 1|Table 1. Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]] | |[[Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century|Table 1. Projected global averaged surface warming and sea level rise at the end of the 21st century]] |
| | [[Figure 6|Figure 6. Projected surface temperature changes for the late 21st century]] |[img[fig-06-tn.jpg]] |[[Geographical pattern of surface warming|Figure 6. Projected surface temperature changes for the late 21st century]] |
| | [[Figure 7|Figure 7. Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] |[img[fig-07-tn.jpg]] |[[Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming|Figure 7. Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] |
| | [[Figure 7a|Figure 7a. Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] |[img[fig-07a-tn.jpg]] |[[Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming|Figure 7a. Examples of impacts associated with projected global average surface warming]] |
| | [[Figure 7b|Figure 7b. Best estimates and likely ranges of warming]] |[img[fig-07b-tn.jpg]] |[[Best estimates and likely ranges of warming|Figure 7b. Best estimates and likely ranges of warming]] |
| | [[Table 2|Table 2. Examples of some projected regional impacts]] | |[[Examples of some projected regional impacts|Table 2. Examples of some projected regional impacts]] |
| | [[Table 3|Table 3. Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events]] | |[[Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events|Table 3. Examples of possible impacts of climate change due to changes in extreme weather and climate events]] |
| | [[Figure 8|Figure 8. Estimated multi-century warming relative to 1980-1999 for AR4 stabilisation categories]] |[img[fig-08-tn.jpg]] |[[Estimated multi-century warming relative to 1980-1999 for AR4 stabilisation categories|Figure 8. Estimated multi-century warming relative to 1980-1999 for AR4 stabilisation categories]] |
|''4.'' |>|>|[[Adaptation and mitigation options|4. Adaptation and mitigation options]] +++ <<tiddler "4. Adaptation and mitigation options]">> === |h
| | [[Table 4|Table 4. Selected examples of planned adaptation by sector]] | |[[Selected examples of planned adaptation by sector|Table 4. Selected examples of planned adaptation by sector]] |
| | [[Figure 9|Figure 9. Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030]] |[img[fig-09-tn.jpg]] |[[ Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030|Figure 9. Comparison between global economic mitigation potential and projected emissions increase in 2030]] |
| | [[Figure 10|Figure 10. Economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 estimated from bottom-up studies]] |[img[fig-10-tn.jpg]] |[[Economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 estimated from bottom-up studies|Figure 10. Economic mitigation potential by sector in 2030 estimated from bottom-up studies]] |
| | [[Table 5|Table 5. Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities]] | |[[Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities|Table 5. Selected examples of key sectoral mitigation technologies, policies and measures, constraints and opportunities]] |
|''5.'' |>|>|[[The long-term perspective|5. The long-term perspective]] +++ <<tiddler "5. The long-term perspective]">> === |h
| | [[Table 6|Table 6. Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only]] | |[[Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only|Table 6. Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only]] |
| | [[Figure 11|Figure 11. CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels]] |[img[fig-11-tn.jpg]] |[[CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels|Figure 11. CO2 emissions and equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels]] |
| | [[Figure 11a|Figure 11a. CO2 emissions for a range of stabilisation levels]] |[img[fig-11a-tn.jpg]] |[[CO2 emissions for a range of stabilisation levels|Figure 11a. CO2 emissions for a range of stabilisation levels]] |
| | [[Figure 11b|Figure 11b. Equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels]] |[img[fig-11b-tn.jpg]] |[[Equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels|Figure 11b. Equilibrium temperature increases for a range of stabilisation levels]] |
| | [[Table 7|Table 7. Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050]] | |[[Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050|Table 7. Estimated global macro-economic costs in 2030 and 2050]] |
| | @@color:[[ColorPalette::Background]];Figure_999@@ | | |
}}}
The IPCC uncertainty guidance note defines a framework for the treatment of uncertainties across all Working Groups (~WGs) and in this Synthesis Report. This framework is broad because the ~WGs assess material from different disciplines and cover a diversity of approaches to the treatment of uncertainty drawn from the literature. The nature of data, indicators and analyses used in the natural sciences is generally different from that used in assessing technology development or the social sciences. WG I focuses on the former, WG III on the latter, and WG II covers aspects of both.
Three different approaches are used to describe uncertainties each with a distinct form of language. Choices among and within these three approaches depend both on the nature of the information available and the authors’ expert judgment of the correctness and completeness of current scientific understanding.
Where uncertainty is assessed qualitatively, it is characterised by providing a relative sense of the amount and quality of evidence (that is, information from theory, observations or models indicating whether a belief or proposition is true or valid) and the degree of agreement (that is, the level of concurrence in the literature on a particular finding). This approach is used by WG III through a series of self-explanatory terms such as: //high agreement, much evidence; high agreement, medium evidence; medium agreement, medium evidence; etc//.
Where uncertainty is assessed more quantitatively using expert judgement of the correctness of underlying data, models or analyses, then the following scale of confidence levels is used to express the assessed chance of a finding being correct: v//ery high confidence// at least 9 out of 10; //high confidence// about 8 out of 10; //medium confidence// about 5 out of 10; //low confidence// about 2 out of 10; and //very low confidence// less than 1 out of 10.
Where uncertainty in specific outcomes is assessed using expert judgment and statistical analysis of a body of evidence (e.g. observations or model results), then the following likelihood ranges are used to express the assessed probability of occurrence: //virtually certain// >99%; //extremely likely// >95%; //very likely// >90%; //likely// >66%; //more likely than not// > 50%; //about as likely as not// 33% to 66%; //unlikely// <33%; //very unlikely// <10%; //extremely unlikely// <5%; //exceptionally unlikely// <1%.
WG II has used a combination of confidence and likelihood assessments and WG I has predominantly used likelihood assessments.
The Synthesis Report follows the uncertainty assessment of the underlying WGs. Where synthesised findings are based on information from more than one WG, the description of uncertainty used is consistent with that for the components drawn from the respective WG reports.
Unless otherwise stated, numerical ranges given in square brackets in this report indicate 90% uncertainty intervals (i.e. there is an estimated 5% likelihood that the value could be above the range given in square brackets and 5% likelihood that the value could be below that range). Uncertainty intervals are not necessarily symmetric around the best estimate.
See [[Guidance Notes for Lead Authors of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report on Addressing Uncertainties]]
<html>
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<h2>Summary for Policymakers<font size="-1"> *
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of the
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Synthesis Report<font size="-1">
<br>
of the
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IPCC Fourth Assessment Report</h2>
<p>
<b>Draft Copy 16 November 2007 23:04</b> – Subject to final copyedit
<p>
<h3>Global and continental temperature change</h3>
<img src="fig-06.jpg">
<br>
<h3>Frozen Regions, Forests & Deserts: Blue Marble</h3>
<img src="blue-marble.jpg">
<p>
An easier-to-read-and-navigate edition of the Synthesis Report, with commentary on critical omissions; particularly the Report's failure to recognize the imminence of the danger of the combination of
<ul>
<li>a rapidly-warming/melting cryosphere, the vast but shrinking bodies of freshwater that serve as the primary cooling mechanism for the planet, accompanied by
<li>high increases than average
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!!!End
||>| ''Temperature change<br>(°C at 2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999)'' ^^a^^, ^^d^^ | ''Sea level rise<br>(m at 2090-2099 relative to 1980-1999)'' |h
| Case | Best estimate | Likely range | Model-based range<br>excluding future rapid dynamical changes in ice flow |h
| Constant year 2000<br>concentrations ^^b^^ | 0.6 | 0.3 - 0.9 | Not available |
| B1 scenario | 1.8 | 1.1 - 2.9 | 0.18 - 0.38 |
| ~A1T scenario | 2.4 | 1.4 - 3.8 | 0.20 - 0.45 |
| B2 scenario | 2.4 | 1.4 - 3.8 | 0.20 - 0.43 |
| ~A1B scenario | 2.8 | 1.7 - 4.4 | 0.21 - 0.48 |
| A2 scenario | 3.4 | 2.0 - 5.4 | 0.23 - 0.51 |
| ~A1FI scenario | 4.0 | 2.4 - 6.4 | 0.26 - 0.59 |
<<<
''Notes'' +++
## Temperatures are assessed best estimates and likely uncertainty ranges from a hierarchy of models of varying complexity as well as observational constraints.
## Year 2000 constant composition is derived from ~Atmosphere-Ocean General Circulation Models (~AOGCMs) only.
## All scenarios above are six SRES marker scenarios. Approximate carbon dioxide equivalent concentrations corresponding to the computed radiative forcing due to anthropogenic ~GHGs and aerosols in 2100 (see p. 823 of the TAR) for the SRES B1, ~AIT, B2, ~A1B, A2 and ~A1FI illustrative marker scenarios are about 600, 700, 800, 850, 1250 and 1550 ppm, respectively.
## Temperature changes are expressed as the difference from the period 1980-1999. To express the change relative to the period 1850-1899 add 0.5°C.
===
<<<
: //Feature note// +++
<<<
Click on the region to access more climate change information concerning the region. For more information on some of the features of this edition of the IPCC Summary for Policy Makers, click on [[Features of the edition]].
//Technical note// +++
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<<<
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<<<
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|[[Africa|Some projected regional impacts: Africa]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Africa">> |
|[[Asia|Some projected regional impacts: Asia]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Asia">> |
|[[Australia and New Zealand|Some projected regional impacts: Australia and New Zealand]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Australia and New Zealand">> |
|[[Europe|Some projected regional impacts: Europe]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Europe">> |
|[[Latin America|Some projected regional impacts: Latin America]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Latin America">> |
|[[North America|Some projected regional impacts: North America]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: North America">> |
|[[Polar Regions|Some projected regional impacts: Polar Regions]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Polar Regions">> |
|[[Small Islands|Some projected regional impacts: Small Islands]] |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Small Islands">> |
|''Note'' |<<tiddler "Some projected regional impacts: Note">> |
## See WGI Table 3.7 for further details regarding definitions.
## Warming of the most extreme days and nights each year.
## Extreme high sea level depends on average sea level and on regional weather systems. It is defined as the highest 1% of hourly values of observed sea level at a station for a given reference period.
## In all scenarios, the projected global average sea level at 2100 is higher than in the reference period {WGI 10.6}.
''The effect of changes in regional weather systems on sea level extremes has not been assessed''. //(emphasis added)//
|>| |>|>|>| ''Examples of major projected impacts by sector'' |h
|Phenomenona and direction of trend |Likelihood of future trends based on projections for 21st century using SRES scenarios | Agriculture, forestry and ecosystems<br>{WGII 4.4, 5.4} | Water resources<br>{WGII 3.4} | Human health<br>{WGII 8.2, 8.4} | Industry, settlement and society<br>{WGII 7.4} |h
|Over most land areas, warmer and fewer cold days and nights, warmer and more frequent hot days and nights | ''Virtually certain''^^b^^ |Increased yields in colder environments; decreased yields in warmer environments; increased insect outbreaks |Effects on water resources relying on snowmelt; effects on some water supplies |Reduced human mortality from decreased cold exposure |Reduced energy demand for heating; increased demand for cooling; declining air quality in cities; reduced disruption to transport due to snow, ice; effects on winter tourism |
|Warm spells/heat waves. Frequency increased over most land areas | ''Very likely'' |Reduced yields in warmer regions due to heat stress; increased danger of wildfire |Increased water demand; water quality problems, e.g. algal blooms |Increased risk of heat-related mortality, especially for the elderly, chronically sick, very young and socially isolated |Reduction in quality of life for people in warm areas without appropriate housing; impacts on the elderly, very young and poor |
|Heavy precipitation events. Frequency increases over most areas | ''Very likely'' |Damage to crops; soil erosion, inability to cultivate land due to waterlogging of soils |Adverse effects on quality of surface and groundwater; contamination of water supply; water scarcity may be relieved |Increased risk of deaths, injuries and infectious, respiratory and skin diseases |Disruption of settlements, commerce, transport and societies due to flooding: pressures on urban and rural infrastructures; loss of property |
|Area affected by drought increases | ''Likely'' |Land degradation; lower yields/crop damage and failure; increased livestock deaths; increased risk of wildfire |More widespread water stress |Increased risk of food and water shortage; increased risk of malnutrition; increased risk of water-and food- borne diseases |Water shortage for settlements, industry and societies; reduced hydropower generation potentials; potential for population migration |
|Intense tropical cyclone activity increases | ''Likely'' |Damage to crops; windthrow (uprooting) of trees; damage to coral reefs |Power outages causing disruption of public water supply |Increased risk of deaths, injuries, water- and food- borne diseases; post-traumatic stress disorders |Disruption by flood and high winds; withdrawal of risk coverage in vulnerable areas by private insurers, potential for population migrations, loss of property|
|Increased incidence of extreme high sea level (excludes tsunamis)c | ''Likely''^^d^^ |Salinisation of irrigation water, estuaries and freshwater systems |Decreased freshwater availability due to saltwater intrusion |Increased risk of deaths and injuries by drowning in floods; migration-related health effects |Costs of coastal protection versus costs of land-use relocation; potential for movement of populations and infrastructure; also see tropical cyclones above |
|''Sector'' |Adaptation option/strategy |Underlying policy framework |Key constraints and opportunities to implementation (Normal font = constraints; //italics = opportunities//) |h
|''Water'' |Expanded rainwater harvesting; water storage and conservation techniques; water re-use; desalination; water-use and irrigation efficiency |National water policies and integrated water resources management; water-related hazards management |Financial, human resources and physical barriers; //integrated water resources management; synergies with other sectors// |
|''Agriculture'' |Adjustment of planting dates and crop variety; crop relocation; improved land management, e.g. erosion control and soil protection through tree planting |R&D policies; institutional reform; land tenure and land reform; training; capacity building; crop insurance; financial incentives, e.g. subsidies and tax credits |Technological & financial constraints; access to new varieties; markets; //longer growing season in higher latitudes; revenues from ‘new’ products// |
|''Infrastructure/ settlement (including coastal zones)'' |Relocation; seawalls and storm surge barriers; dune reinforcement; land acquisition and creation of marshlands/wetlands as buffer against sea level rise and flooding; protection of existing natural barriers |Standards and regulations that integrate climate change considerations into design; land use policies; building codes; insurance |Financial and technological barriers; availability of relocation space; //integrated policies and managements; synergies with sustainable development goals// |
|''Human health'' |Heat-health action plans; emergency medical services; improved climate-sensitive disease surveillance and control; safe water and improved sanitation |Public health policies that recognise climate risk; strengthened health services; regional and international cooperation |Limits to human tolerance (vulnerable groups); knowledge limitations; financial capacity; //upgraded health services; improved quality of life// |
|''Tourism'' |Diversification of tourism attractions & revenues; shifting ski slopes to higher altitudes and glaciers; artificial snow-making |Integrated planning (e.g. carrying capacity; linkages with other sectors); financial incentives, e.g. subsidies and tax credits |Appeal/marketing of new attractions; financial and logistical challenges; potential adverse impact on other sectors (e.g. artificial snow-making may increase energy use); r//evenues from ‘new’ attractions; involvement of wider group of stakeholders// |
|''Transport'' |Realignment/relocation; design standards and planning for roads, rail, and other infrastructure to cope with warming and drainage |Integrating climate change considerations into national transport policy; investment in R&D for special situations, e.g. permafrost areas |Financial & technological barriers; availability of less vulnerable routes; //improved technologies and integration with key sectors (e.g. energy)// |
|''Energy'' |Strengthening of overhead transmission and distribution infrastructure; underground cabling for utilities; energy efficiency; use of renewable sources; reduced dependence on single sources of energy |National energy policies, regulations, and fiscal and financial incentives to encourage use of alternative sources; incorporating climate change in design standards |Access to viable alternatives; financial and technological barriers; acceptance of new technologies; //stimulation of new technologies; use of local resources// |
Note: Other examples from many sectors would include early warning systems.
|''Sector'' |Key mitigation technologies and practices currently commercially available. //Key mitigation technologies and practices projected to be commercialised before 2030 shown in italics.// |Policies, measures and instruments shown to be environmentally effective |Key constraints or opportunities (Normal font = constraints; //italics = opportunities//) |h
|''Energy Supply'' |Improved supply and distribution efficiency; fuel switching from coal to gas; nuclear power; renewable heat and power (hydropower, solar, wind, geothermal and bioenergy); combined heat and power; early applications of Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) (e.g. storage of removed CO~~2~~ from natural gas); //CCS for gas, biomass and coal-fired electricity generating facilities; advanced nuclear power; advanced renewable energy, including tidal and wave energy, concentrating solar, and solar photovoltaics// |Reduction of fossil fuel subsidies; Taxes or carbon charges on fossil fuels |Resistance by vested interests may make them difficult to implement |
|~|~|Feed-in tariffs for renewable energy technologies; Renewable energy obligations; Producer subsidies |//May be appropriate to create markets for low emissions technologies// |
|''Transport'' |More fuel efficient vehicles; hybrid vehicles; cleaner diesel vehicles; biofuels; modal shifts from road transport to rail and public transport systems; non-motorised transport (cycling, walking); land-use and transport planning*; //Second generation biofuels; higher efficiency aircraft; advanced electric and hybrid vehicles with more powerful and reliable batteries// |Mandatory fuel economy, biofuel blending and CO~~2~~ standards for road transport |Partial coverage of vehicle fleet may limit effectiveness |
|~|~|Taxes on vehicle purchase, registration, use and motor fuels, road and parking pricing |Effectiveness may drop with higher incomes |
|~|~|Influence mobility needs through land use regulations, and infrastructure planning; Investment in attractive public transport facilities and non-motorised forms of transport |//Particularly appropriate for countries that are building up their transportation systems// |
|''Buildings'' |Efficient lighting and daylighting; more efficient electrical appliances and heating and cooling devices; improved cook stoves, improved insulation; passive and active solar design for heating and cooling; alternative refrigeration fluids, recovery and recycling of fluorinated gases; //Integrated design of commercial buildings including technologies, such as intelligent meters that provide feedback and control; solar photovoltaics integrated in buildings// |Appliance standards and labelling |Periodic revision of standards needed |
|~|~|Building codes and certification |//Attractive for new buildings.// Enforcement can be difficult |
|~|~|Demand-side management programmes |Need for regulations so that utilities may profit |
|~|~|Public sector leadership programmes, including procurement |//Government purchasing can expand demand for energy-efficient products// |
|~|~|Incentives for energy service companies (~ESCOs) |//Success factor: Access to third party financing// |
|''Industry'' |More efficient end-use electrical equipment; heat and power recovery; material recycling and substitution; control of non-CO~~2~~ gas emissions; and a wide array of process-specific technologies; //Advanced energy efficiency; CCS for cement, ammonia, and iron manufacture; inert electrodes for aluminium manufacture// |Provision of benchmark information; Performance standards; Subsidies, tax credits |//May be appropriate to stimulate technology uptake.// Stability of national policy important in view of international competitiveness |
|~|~|Tradable permits |Predictable allocation mechanisms and stable price signals important for investments |
|~|~|Voluntary agreements |Success factors include: clear targets, a baseline scenario, third party involvement in design and review and formal provisions of monitoring, close cooperation between government and industry |
|''Agriculture'' |Improved crop and grazing land management to increase soil carbon storage; restoration of cultivated peaty soils and degraded lands; improved rice cultivation techniques and livestock and manure management to reduce CH~~4~~ emissions; improved nitrogen fertiliser application techniques to reduce N~~2~~O emissions; dedicated energy crops to replace fossil fuel use; improved energy efficiency; //Improvements of crop yields// |Financial incentives and regulations for improved land management, maintaining soil carbon content, efficient use of fertilisers and irrigation |//May encourage synergy with sustainable development and with reducing vulnerability to climate change, thereby overcoming barriers to implementation// |
|''Forestry/ forests'' |Afforestation; reforestation; forest management; reduced deforestation; harvested wood product management; use of forestry products for bioenergy to replace fossil fuel use; //Tree species improvement to increase biomass productivity and carbon sequestration. Improved remote sensing technologies for analysis of vegetation/ soil carbon sequestration potential and mapping land use change// |Financial incentives (national and international) to increase forest area, to reduce deforestation, and to maintain and manage forests; Land-use regulation and enforcement |Constraints include lack of investment capital and land tenure issues. //Can help poverty alleviation.// |
|''Waste'' |Landfill CH~~4~~ recovery; waste incineration with energy recovery; composting of organic waste; controlled waste water treatment; recycling and waste minimisation; //biocovers and biofilters to optimise CH~~4~~ oxidation// |Financial incentives for improved waste and wastewater management |//May stimulate technology diffusion// |
|~|~|Renewable energy incentives or obligations |Local availability of low-cost fuel |
|~|~|Waste management regulations |Most effectively applied at national level with enforcement strategies |
Table 6. Characteristics of post-TAR stabilisation scenarios and resulting long-term equilibrium global average temperature and the sea level rise component from thermal expansion only. {Table 5.1}a
|Category |CO~~2~~ concentration at stabilization (2005 = 379 ppm) ^^(b)^^ |CO~~2~~-equivalent Concentration at stabilization including ~GHGs and aerosols (2005 = 375 ppm) ^^(b)^^ |Peaking year for CO~~2~~ emissions ^^(a, c)^^ |Change in global CO~~2~~ emissions in 2050 (% of 2000 emissions) ^^(a, c)^^ |Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using "best estimate" climate sensitivity ^^(d, e)^^ |Global average sea level rise above pre-industrial at equilibrium from thermal expansion only ^^(f)^^ |Number of assessed scenarios |h
| | ppm | ppm | Year | Percent | øC | metres | |
|I | 350 - 400 | 445 - 490 | 2000 - 2015 | -85 to -50 | 2.0 - 2.4 | 0.4 - 1.4 | 6 |
|II | 400 - 440 | 490 - 535 | 2000 - 2020 | -60 to -30 | 2.4 - 2.8 | 0.5 - 1.7 | 18 |
|III | 440 - 485 | 535 - 590 | 2010 - 2030 | -30 to +5 | 2.8 - 3.2 | 0.6 - 1.9 | 21 |
|IV | 485 - 570 | 590 - 710 | 2020 - 2060 | +10 to +60 | 3.2 - 4.0 | 0.6 - 2.4 | 118 |
|V | 570 - 660 | 710 - 855 | 2050 - 2080 | +25 to +85 | 4.0 - 4.9 | 0.8 - 2.9 | 9 |
|VI | 660 - 790 | 855 - 1130 | 2060 - 2090 | +90 to +140 | 4.9 - 6.1 | 1.0 - 3.7 | 5 |
''Notes'': +++
## The emission reductions to meet a particular stabilization level reported in the mitigation studies assessed here might be underestimated due to missing carbon cycle feedbacks (see also Topic 2).
## Atmospheric CO~~2~~ concentrations were 379 ppm in 2005. The best estimate of total CO~~2~~-eq concentration in 2005 for all long-lived ~GHGs is about 455 ppm, while the corresponding value including the net effect of all anthropogenic forcing agents is 375 ppm CO~~2~~-eq.
## Ranges correspond to the 15th to 85th percentile of the post-TAR scenario distribution. CO~~2~~ emissions are shown so multi-gas scenarios can be compared with CO~~2~~-only scenarios (see Figure SPM.3).
## The best estimate of climate sensitivity is 3°C.
## Note that global average temperature at equilibrium is different from expected global average temperature at the time of stabilization of GHG concentrations due to the inertia of the climate system. For the majority of scenarios assessed, stabilisation of GHG concentrations occurs between 2100 and 2150 (see also Footnote 9).
## Equilibrium sea level rise is for the contribution from ocean thermal expansion only and does not reach equilibrium for at least many centuries. These values have been estimated using relatively simple climate models (one low resolution AOGCM and several ~EMICs based on the best estimate of 3°C climate sensitivity) and do not include contributions from melting ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps. Long-term thermal expansion is projected to result in 0.2 to 0.6 m per degree Celsius of global average warming above preindustrial. (AOGCM refers to Atmosphere Ocean General Circulation Models and ~EMICs to Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity.)
===
| Category| | I | II | III | IV | V | VI |h
|CO~~2~~ concentration at stabilization (2005 = 379 ppm) ^^(b)^^ |ppm | 350-400 | 400-440 | 440-485 | 485-570 | 570-660 | 660-790 |
|CO~~2~~-equivalent Concentration at stabilization including ~GHGs and aerosols (2005 = 375 ppm) ^^(b)^^ |ppm | 445-490 | 490-535 | 535-590 | 590-710 | 710-855 | 855-1130 |
|Peaking year for CO~~2~~ emissions ^^(a, c)^^ |Year | 2000-2015 | 2000-2020 | 2010-2030 | 2020-2060 | 2050-2080 | 2060-2090 |
|Change in global CO~~2~~ emissions in 2050 (% of 2000 emissions) ^^(a, c)^^ |Percent | -85 to -50 | -60 to -30 | -30 to +5 | +10 to +60 | +25 to +85 | +90 to +140 |
|Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using "best estimate" climate sensitivity ^^(d, e)^^ |°C | 2.0-2.4 | 2.4-2.8 | 2.8-3.2 | 3.2-4.0 | 4.0-4.9 | 4.9-6.1 |
|Global average sea level rise above pre-industrial at equilibrium from thermal expansion only ^^(f)^^ +++ <br>''Note'': The data for this table row has been presented here in a more readily-accessible visual format below. In a forthcoming edition, all the data in this table will be presented visually.<br><br>''Global average sea level rise above pre-industrial at equilibrium from thermal expansion only''<br>[img[fig-06f-250.jpg]] === |metres | 0.4-1.4 | 0.5-1.7 | 0.6-1.9 | 0.6-2.4 | 0.8-2.9 | 1.0-3.7 |
|Number of assessed scenarios || 6 | 18 | 21 | 118 | 9 | 5 |
|Category |CO~~2~~ concentration at stabilization (2005 = 379 ppm) ^^(b)^^ |CO~~2~~-equivalent Concentration at stabilization including ~GHGs and aerosols (2005 = 375 ppm) ^^(b)^^ |Peaking year for CO~~2~~ emissions ^^(a, c)^^ |Change in global CO~~2~~ emissions in 2050 (% of 2000 emissions) ^^(a, c)^^ |Global average temperature increase above pre-industrial at equilibrium, using "best estimate" climate sensitivity ^^(d, e)^^ |Global average sea level rise above pre-industrial at equilibrium from thermal expansion only ^^(f)^^ |Number of assessed scenarios |h
| | ppm | ppm | Year | Percent | °C | metres | |
|I | 350 - 400 | 445 - 490 | 2000-2015 | -85 to -50 | 2.0 - 2.4 | 0.4 - 1.4 | 6 |
|II | 400 - 440 | 490 - 535 | 2000-2020 | -60 to -30 | 2.4 - 2.8 | 0.5 - 1.7 | 18 |
|III | 440 - 485 | 535 - 590 | 2010-2030 | -30 to +5 | 2.8 - 3.2 | 0.6 - 1.9 | 21 |
|IV | 485 - 570 | 590 - 710 | 2020-2060 | +10 to +60 | 3.2 - 4.0 | 0.6 - 2.4 | 118 |
|V | 570 - 660 | 710 - 855 | 2050-2080 | +25 to +85 | 4.0 - 4.9 | 0.8 - 2.9 | 9 |
|VI | 660 - 790 | 855 - 1130 | 2060-2090 | +90 to +140 | 4.9 - 6.1 | 1.0 - 3.7 | 5 |
''Notes'': +++
## The emission reductions to meet a particular stabilization level reported in the mitigation studies assessed here might be underestimated due to missing carbon cycle feedbacks (see also Topic 2).
## Atmospheric CO~~2~~ concentrations were 379 ppm in 2005. The best estimate of total CO~~2~~-eq concentration in 2005 for all long-lived ~GHGs is about 455 ppm, while the corresponding value including the net effect of all anthropogenic forcing agents is 375 ppm CO~~2~~-eq.
## Ranges correspond to the 15th to 85th percentile of the post-TAR scenario distribution. CO~~2~~ emissions are shown so multi-gas scenarios can be compared with CO~~2~~-only scenarios (see Figure SPM.3).
## The best estimate of climate sensitivity is 3°C.
## Note that global average temperature at equilibrium is different from expected global average temperature at the time of stabilization of GHG concentrations due to the inertia of the climate system. For the majority of scenarios assessed, stabilisation of GHG concentrations occurs between 2100 and 2150 (see also Footnote 9).
## Equilibrium sea level rise is for the contribution from ocean thermal expansion only and does not reach equilibrium for at least many centuries. These values have been estimated using relatively simple climate models (one low resolution AOGCM and several ~EMICs based on the best estimate of 3°C climate sensitivity) and do not include contributions from melting ice sheets, glaciers and ice caps. Long-term thermal expansion is projected to result in 0.2 to 0.6 m per degree Celsius of global average warming above preindustrial. (AOGCM refers to Atmosphere Ocean General Circulation Models and ~EMICs to Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity.)
===
| ''Stabilisation levels<br>(ppm CO^^2^^-eq)'' |>| ''Median GDP<br>reduction ^^(a)^^'' (%) |>| ''Range of GDP<br>reduction ^^(b)^^'' (%) |>| ''Reduction of<br>average annual rates<br>(percentage points) ^^(c), (e)^^'' |h
| | 2030 | 2050 | 2030 | 2050 | 2030 | 2050 |h
| 445 – 535 (d) |>| Not available | < 3 | < 5.5 | < 0.12 | < 0.12 |
| 535 – 590 | 0.6 | 1.3 | 0.2 to 2.5 | slightly negative to 4 | < 0.1 | < 0.1 |
| 590 – 710 | 0.2 | 0.5 | -0.6 to 1.2 | -1 to 2 | < 0.06 | < 0.05 |
<<<
''Notes'' +++
Values given in this table correspond to the full literature across all baselines and mitigation scenarios that provide GDP numbers.
## Global GDP based on market exchange rates.
## The 10th and 90th percentile range of the analysed data are given where applicable. Negative values indicate GDP gain. The first row (445-535 ppm CO~~2~~-eq) gives the upper bound estimate of the literature only.
## The calculation of the reduction of the annual growth rate is based on the average reduction during the assessed period that would result in the indicated GDP decrease by 2030 and 2050 respectively.
## The number of studies is relatively small and they generally use low baselines. High emissions baselines generally lead to higher costs.
## The values correspond to the highest estimate for GDP reduction shown in column three.
===
<<<
*sample:
|!th1111111111|!th2222222222|
|>| colspan |
| rowspan |left|
|~| right|
|bgcolor(#a0ffa0):colored| center |
|caption|c
*another sample: see PeriodicTable.
For advanced effects, you can control the CSS style of a table by adding a row like this:
{{{
|cssClass|k
}}}
/***
|''Name:''|TagCloudPlugin|
|''Source:''|http://www.TiddlyTools.com/#TagCloudPlugin|
|''Author:''|Clint Checketts|
|''License:''|unknown|
|''~CoreVersion:''|2.0.10|
!Usage
<<tagCloud>>
!Code
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.tagCloud = {major: 1, minor: 0 , revision: 0, date: new Date(2006,2,04)};
//Created by Clint Checketts, contributions by Jonny Leroy and Eric Shulman
config.macros.tagCloud = {
noTags: "No tag cloud created because there are no tags.",
tooltip: "%1 tiddlers tagged with '%0'"
};
config.macros.tagCloud.handler = function(place,macroName,params) {
var tagCloudWrapper = createTiddlyElement(place,"div",null,"tagCloud",null);
var tags = store.getTags();
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) {
for (var p=0;p<params.length; p++) if (tags[t][0] == params[p]) tags[t][0] = "";
}
if(tags.length == 0)
createTiddlyElement(tagCloudWrapper,"span",null,null,this.noTags);
//Findout the maximum number of tags
var mostTags = 0;
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) if (tags[t][0].length > 0){
if (tags[t][1] > mostTags) mostTags = tags[t][1];
}
//divide the mostTags into 4 segments for the 4 different tagCloud sizes
var tagSegment = mostTags / 4;
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) if (tags[t][0].length > 0){
var tagCloudElement = createTiddlyElement(tagCloudWrapper,"span",null,null,null);
tagCloudWrapper.appendChild(document.createTextNode(" "));
var theTag = createTiddlyButton(tagCloudElement,tags[t][0],this.tooltip.format(tags[t]),onClickTag,"tagCloudtag tagCloud" + (Math.round(tags[t][1]/tagSegment)+1));
theTag.setAttribute("tag",tags[t][0]);
}
};
setStylesheet(".tagCloud span{height: 1.8em;margin: 3px;}.tagCloud1{font-size: 1.2em;}.tagCloud2{font-size: 1.4em;}.tagCloud3{font-size: 1.6em;}.tagCloud4{font-size: 1.8em;}.tagCloud5{font-size: 1.8em;font-weight: bold;}","tagCloudsStyles");
//}}}
/***
| Name:|TagglyTaggingPlugin|
| Description:|tagglyTagging macro is a replacement for the builtin tagging macro in your ViewTemplate|
| Version:|6.1.5|
| Date:|05-Oct-2006|
| Source:|http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TagglyTaggingPlugin|
| Author:|Simon Baird <simon.baird@gmail.com>|
| CoreVersion:|2.1.x|
!!See also:
* [[1. What is TagglyTagging?]]
* [[2. What's different about TagglyTagging?]]
* [[3. Why use TagglyTagging?]]
* [[4. How do I install it?]]
* [[5. Where did it come from?]]
!!Notes
See http://mptw.tiddlyspot.com/#TagglyTagging
***/
//{{{
config.taggly = {
// for translations
lingo: {
labels: {
asc: "\u2191", // down arrow
desc: "\u2193", // up arrow
title: "title",
modified: "modified",
created: "created",
show: "+",
hide: "-",
normal: "normal",
group: "group",
commas: "commas",
sitemap: "sitemap",
numCols: "cols\u00b1", // plus minus sign
label: "Tagged as '%0':"
},
tooltips: {
title: "Click to sort by title",
modified: "Click to sort by modified date",
created: "Click to sort by created date",
show: "Click to show tagging list",
hide: "Click to hide tagging list",
normal: "Click to show a normal ungrouped list",
group: "Click to show list grouped by tag",
sitemap: "Click to show a sitemap style list",
commas: "Click to show a comma separated list",
numCols: "Click to change number of columns"
}
},
config: {
showTaggingCounts: true,
listOpts: {
// the first one will be the default
sortBy: ["title","modified","created"],
sortOrder: ["asc","desc"],
hideState: ["show","hide"],
listMode: ["normal","group","sitemap","commas"],
numCols: ["1","2","3","4","5","6"]
},
valuePrefix: "taggly."
},
getTagglyOpt: function(title,opt) {
var val = store.getValue(title,this.config.valuePrefix+opt);
return val ? val : this.config.listOpts[opt][0];
},
setTagglyOpt: function(title,opt,value) {
if (!store.tiddlerExists(title))
// create it silently
store.saveTiddler(title,title,config.views.editor.defaultText.format([title]),config.options.txtUserName,new Date(),null);
// if value is default then remove it to save space
return store.setValue(title,
this.config.valuePrefix+opt,
value == this.config.listOpts[opt][0] ? null : value);
},
getNextValue: function(title,opt) {
var current = this.getTagglyOpt(title,opt);
var pos = this.config.listOpts[opt].indexOf(current);
// a little usability enhancement. actually it doesn't work right for grouped or sitemap
var limit = (opt == "numCols" ? store.getTaggedTiddlers(title).length : this.config.listOpts[opt].length);
var newPos = (pos + 1) % limit;
return this.config.listOpts[opt][newPos];
},
toggleTagglyOpt: function(title,opt) {
var newVal = this.getNextValue(title,opt);
this.setTagglyOpt(title,opt,newVal);
},
createListControl: function(place,title,type) {
var lingo = config.taggly.lingo;
var label;
var tooltip;
var onclick;
if ((type == "title" || type == "modified" || type == "created")) {
// "special" controls. a little tricky. derived from sortOrder and sortBy
label = lingo.labels[type];
tooltip = lingo.tooltips[type];
if (this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy") == type) {
label += lingo.labels[this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder")];
onclick = function() {
config.taggly.toggleTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder");
return false;
}
}
else {
onclick = function() {
config.taggly.setTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy",type);
config.taggly.setTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder",config.taggly.config.listOpts.sortOrder[0]);
return false;
}
}
}
else {
// "regular" controls, nice and simple
label = lingo.labels[type == "numCols" ? type : this.getNextValue(title,type)];
tooltip = lingo.tooltips[type == "numCols" ? type : this.getNextValue(title,type)];
onclick = function() {
config.taggly.toggleTagglyOpt(title,type);
return false;
}
}
// hide button because commas don't have columns
if (!(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"listMode") == "commas" && type == "numCols"))
createTiddlyButton(place,label,tooltip,onclick,type == "hideState" ? "hidebutton" : "button");
},
makeColumns: function(orig,numCols) {
var listSize = orig.length;
var colSize = listSize/numCols;
var remainder = listSize % numCols;
var upperColsize = colSize;
var lowerColsize = colSize;
if (colSize != Math.floor(colSize)) {
// it's not an exact fit so..
upperColsize = Math.floor(colSize) + 1;
lowerColsize = Math.floor(colSize);
}
var output = [];
var c = 0;
for (var j=0;j<numCols;j++) {
var singleCol = [];
var thisSize = j < remainder ? upperColsize : lowerColsize;
for (var i=0;i<thisSize;i++)
singleCol.push(orig[c++]);
output.push(singleCol);
}
return output;
},
drawTable: function(place,columns,theClass) {
var newTable = createTiddlyElement(place,"table",null,theClass);
var newTbody = createTiddlyElement(newTable,"tbody");
var newTr = createTiddlyElement(newTbody,"tr");
for (var j=0;j<columns.length;j++) {
var colOutput = "";
for (var i=0;i<columns[j].length;i++)
colOutput += columns[j][i];
var newTd = createTiddlyElement(newTr,"td",null,"tagglyTagging"); // todo should not need this class
wikify(colOutput,newTd);
}
return newTable;
},
createTagglyList: function(place,title) {
switch(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"listMode")) {
case "group": return this.createTagglyListGrouped(place,title); break;
case "normal": return this.createTagglyListNormal(place,title,false); break;
case "commas": return this.createTagglyListNormal(place,title,true); break;
case "sitemap":return this.createTagglyListSiteMap(place,title); break;
}
},
getTaggingCount: function(title) {
// thanks to Doug Edmunds
if (this.config.showTaggingCounts) {
var tagCount = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title).length;
if (tagCount > 0)
return " ("+tagCount+")";
}
return "";
},
// this is for normal and commas mode
createTagglyListNormal: function(place,title,useCommas) {
var list = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title,this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy"));
if (this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder") == "desc")
list = list.reverse();
var output = [];
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++) {
var countString = this.getTaggingCount(list[i].title);
if (useCommas)
output.push((i > 0 ? ", " : "") + "[[" + list[i].title + "]]" + countString);
else
output.push("*[[" + list[i].title + "]]" + countString + "\n");
}
return this.drawTable(place,
this.makeColumns(output,useCommas ? 1 : parseInt(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"numCols"))),
useCommas ? "commas" : "normal");
},
// this is for the "grouped" mode
createTagglyListGrouped: function(place,title) {
var sortBy = this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy");
var sortOrder = this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder");
var list = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title,sortBy);
if (sortOrder == "desc")
list = list.reverse();
var leftOvers = []
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++)
leftOvers.push(list[i].title);
var allTagsHolder = {};
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++) {
for (var j=0;j<list[i].tags.length;j++) {
if (list[i].tags[j] != title) { // not this tiddler
if (!allTagsHolder[list[i].tags[j]])
allTagsHolder[list[i].tags[j]] = "";
allTagsHolder[list[i].tags[j]] += "**[["+list[i].title+"]]"
+ this.getTaggingCount(list[i].title) + "\n";
leftOvers.setItem(list[i].title,-1); // remove from leftovers. at the end it will contain the leftovers
}
}
}
var allTags = [];
for (var t in allTagsHolder)
allTags.push(t);
var sortHelper = function(a,b) {
if (a == b) return 0;
if (a < b) return -1;
return 1;
};
allTags.sort(function(a,b) {
var tidA = store.getTiddler(a);
var tidB = store.getTiddler(b);
if (sortBy == "title") return sortHelper(a,b);
else if (!tidA && !tidB) return 0;
else if (!tidA) return -1;
else if (!tidB) return +1;
else return sortHelper(tidA[sortBy],tidB[sortBy]);
});
var leftOverOutput = "";
for (var i=0;i<leftOvers.length;i++)
leftOverOutput += "*[["+leftOvers[i]+"]]" + this.getTaggingCount(leftOvers[i]) + "\n";
var output = [];
if (sortOrder == "desc")
allTags.reverse();
else if (leftOverOutput != "")
// leftovers first...
output.push(leftOverOutput);
for (var i=0;i<allTags.length;i++)
output.push("*[["+allTags[i]+"]]" + this.getTaggingCount(leftOvers[i]) + "\n" + allTagsHolder[allTags[i]]);
if (sortOrder == "desc" && leftOverOutput != "")
// leftovers last...
output.push(leftOverOutput);
return this.drawTable(place,
this.makeColumns(output,parseInt(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"numCols"))),
"grouped");
},
// used to build site map
treeTraverse: function(title,depth,sortBy,sortOrder) {
var list = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title,sortBy);
if (sortOrder == "desc")
list.reverse();
var indent = "";
for (var j=0;j<depth;j++)
indent += "*"
var childOutput = "";
for (var i=0;i<list.length;i++)
if (list[i].title != title)
childOutput += this.treeTraverse(list[i].title,depth+1,sortBy,sortOrder);
if (depth == 0)
return childOutput;
else
return indent + "[["+title+"]]" + this.getTaggingCount(title) + "\n"+childOutput;
},
// this if for the site map mode
createTagglyListSiteMap: function(place,title) {
var output = this.treeTraverse(title,0,this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortBy"),this.getTagglyOpt(title,"sortOrder"));
return this.drawTable(place,
this.makeColumns(output.split(/(?=^\*\[)/m),parseInt(this.getTagglyOpt(title,"numCols"))), // regexp magic
"sitemap"
);
},
macros: {
tagglyTagging: {
handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var refreshContainer = createTiddlyElement(place,"div");
// do some refresh magic to make it keep the list fresh - thanks Saq
refreshContainer.setAttribute("refresh","macro");
refreshContainer.setAttribute("macroName",macroName);
refreshContainer.setAttribute("title",tiddler.title);
this.refresh(refreshContainer);
},
refresh: function(place) {
var title = place.getAttribute("title");
removeChildren(place);
if (store.getTaggedTiddlers(title).length > 0) {
var lingo = config.taggly.lingo;
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"hideState");
if (config.taggly.getTagglyOpt(title,"hideState") == "show") {
createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"tagglyLabel",lingo.labels.label.format([title]));
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"title");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"modified");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"created");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"listMode");
config.taggly.createListControl(place,title,"numCols");
config.taggly.createTagglyList(place,title);
}
}
}
}
},
// todo fix these up a bit
styles:
"/*{{{*/\n"+
"/* created by TagglyTaggingPlugin */\n"+
".tagglyTagging { padding-top:0.5em; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging li.listTitle { display:none; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging ul {\n"+
" margin-top:0px; padding-top:0.5em; padding-left:2em;\n"+
" margin-bottom:0px; padding-bottom:0px;\n"+
"}\n"+
".tagglyTagging { vertical-align: top; margin:0px; padding:0px; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging table { margin:0px; padding:0px; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging .button { display:none; margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging .button, .tagglyTagging .hidebutton {\n"+
" color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]]; font-size:90%;\n"+
" border:0px; padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;\n"+
"}\n"+
".tagglyTagging .button:hover, .hidebutton:hover {\n"+
" background:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryPale]]; color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryDark]];\n"+
"}\n"+
".selected .tagglyTagging .button {\n"+
" display:inline;\n"+
"}\n"+
".tagglyTagging .hidebutton { color:[[ColorPalette::Background]]; }\n"+
".selected .tagglyTagging .hidebutton { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]] }\n"+
".tagglyLabel { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]]; font-size:90%; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging ul {padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:1em; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging ul ul {list-style-type:disc; margin-left:-1em;}\n"+
".tagglyTagging ul ul li {margin-left:0.5em; }\n"+
".editLabel { font-size:90%; padding-top:0.5em; }\n"+
".tagglyTagging .commas { padding-left:1.8em; }\n"+
"/*}}}*/\n"+
"",
init: function() {
merge(config.macros,this.macros);
config.shadowTiddlers["TagglyTaggingStyles"] = this.styles;
if (store)
store.addNotification("TagglyTaggingStyles",refreshStyles);
else
config.notifyTiddlers.push({name:"TagglyTaggingStyles", notify: refreshStyles});
}
};
config.taggly.init();
//}}}
/*{{{*/
/* created by TagglyTaggingPlugin */
.tagglyTagging { padding-top:0.5em; }
.tagglyTagging li.listTitle { display:none; }
.tagglyTagging ul {
margin-top:0px; padding-top:0.5em; padding-left:2em;
margin-bottom:0px; padding-bottom:0px;
}
.tagglyTagging { vertical-align: top; margin:0px; padding:0px; }
.tagglyTagging table { margin:0px; padding:0px; }
.tagglyTagging .button { display:none; margin-left:3px; margin-right:3px; }
.tagglyTagging .button, .tagglyTagging .hidebutton {
color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]]; font-size:90%;
border:0px; padding-left:0.3em;padding-right:0.3em;
}
.tagglyTagging .button:hover, .hidebutton:hover {
background:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryPale]]; color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryDark]];
}
.selected .tagglyTagging .button {
display:inline;
}
.tagglyTagging .hidebutton { color:[[ColorPalette::Background]]; }
.selected .tagglyTagging .hidebutton { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryLight]] }
.tagglyLabel { color:[[ColorPalette::TertiaryMid]]; font-size:90%; }
.tagglyTagging ul {padding-top:0px; padding-bottom:0.5em; margin-left:1em; }
.tagglyTagging ul ul {list-style-type:disc; margin-left:-1em;}
.tagglyTagging ul ul li {margin-left:0.5em; }
.editLabel { font-size:90%; padding-top:0.5em; }
.tagglyTagging .commas { padding-left:1.8em; }
/* displays the list of a tiddler's tags horizontally. used in ViewTemplate */
.tagglyTagged {
text-align: right
}
.tagglyTagged li.listTitle {
display:none
}
.tagglyTagged li {
display: inline; font-size:90%;
}
.tagglyTagged ul {
margin:0px; padding:0px;
}
/*}}}*/
This tiddler provides some resources for use when creating and or editing tiddlers: One way of using it is to copy the contents to a separate window with a simple text editor, such as [[Notepad]], to which you can quickly switch to select and copy relevant snippets of code for tiddlers.
[[Blue Ribbon template]]
{{{
<a href="http://faves.com/Authoring.aspx?u={URL}&t={TITLE}" onclick="{var w=window;w.CdTl=this;w.l=w.location;w.SdP='';w.bU=(w.l.protocol=='https:'?'https://'+w.SdP:'http://')+'faves.com';w.eUC=encodeURIComponent;function fBkF(){w.l.href=w.bU+'/Authoring.aspx?u='+w.eUC(w.l.href)+'&t='+w.eUC(document.title);}w.gT=w.setTimeout(fBkF,6999);w.d=w.document;w.sT=w.d.body;w.o=w.d.createElement('scri'+'pt');if(typeof w.o!='object')fBkF();w.o.setAttribute('src',w.bU+'/js/Authoring.js');w.o.setAttribute('type','text/javascript');void(w.sT.appendChild(w.o));if(w.event){w.event.returnValue=false;}return false;}" class="BlueDotPartner"><img src="blue-ribbon.png" style="border:none"/></a>
}}}
[[Iframe template]]
{{{
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the '' '' web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at @@
<html><iframe
src = ""
title = ""
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
}}}
''Iframe template for [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles|UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]]
{{{
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles|UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]] web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.un-documents.net/@@
<html><iframe
title = ""
src = "http://www.un-documents.net/"
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
}}}
[[Tag templates]]
{{{
The '' '' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap >> |
The '' '' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap >> |
The '' '' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap >> |
}}}
@@font-family:courier new, monospace;font-weight: bold;font-size:110%; ''$1'' @@@@padding:1em;width: 50em;border: 1;background-color: $1; @@ [[$2|ColorPalette]]
This tiddler provides links to some of the tiddlers that control the layout, format, fonts, colours, etc. for a TiddlyWiki web page.
!!Templates
* [[PageTemplate]] - defines the overall organization and layout of the page
* [[ViewTemplate]] - defines the organization and layout of the display of tiddlers
* [[EditTemplate]] - defines the organization and layout of the tiddlers when they are being edited
!!Stylesheets
* [[StyleSheet]] - for defining customized modifications to the "shadow" [[StyleSheetLayout]] that sets default values of style layout
** [[TagglyTaggingStyles]] - a set of imported styles that control the format by which the tiddler "tags" are presented
** [[MainMenuStyles]] - Styles for the Main Menu
* [[StyleSheetColors]] - defines the colour of fonts, background, borders, etc. for the various styles
** [[TiddlerColors]] - defines the colors inside tiddlers
!!Palette
* [[Colour Palette]] - displays a palette of colours -
* [[ColorPalette]] - shadowed tiddler that defined the colours used in the StyleSheetColors tiddler
<html>
<iframe style="background-color:#ffffff; border-color:#ffffff; border:none;" width="100%" height="800" frameborder="0" scrolling="yes" src="http://habitat.igc.org/peace-cubes/template.htm" title="Templates for Light & Colour Cubes">
</iframe> </html>
!!!Expected Climatic Trigger for the Transition
Arctic warming, amplified by the retreat of snow and ice cover, leads to longer and deeper thawing of the frozen ground below. Oxidation of the peat and melting of methane clathrates could lead to greenhouse gas emissions that would significantly amplify global warming. Permafrost thawing is already evident over widespread regions and much greater loss is projected for the 21st century.
!!!Expected Environmental Consequences
Thawing of the permafrost disrupts the surface water budget and weakens the land, causing trees to tilt and become stressed and increasing the chance of destruction by pests and fire. The altered landscape is generally ill suited to existing wildlife, which are displaced by species from the south, causing significant changeover of ecosystem types, and potentially enhancing overall carbon storage.
!!!Likely Societal Significance
In the region, thawing of the ground causes significant damage to maladapted buildings and infrastructure, and limits land travel during the warm season. Permafrost lands contain at least as much carbon as is now in the atmosphere. Therefore, higher emissions of CO~~2~~ and CH~~4~~ from the thawing of permafrost could significantly amplify the pace of global warming.
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles|UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]] web site. You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.un-documents.net/hab-ag.htm@@
<html>
<iframe
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes"
src = "http://www.un-documents.net/hab-ag.htm"
title = "The Habitat Agenda">
</iframe> </html>
http://www.un-documents.net/ipcc-ar4/wg1-spm.pdf
''The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom'' is a highly-acclaimed book on the nature and dynamics of a 'networked information economy' by ''Yochai Benkler'', Professor of Law at Yale and New York University, and is recommended reading for anyone who would like to understand more about the profound economic transformation that is being made possible by developments in information and communications technologies (ICT). Published in May 2006, the book was also released under a [[Creative Commons]] licence and made freely available for non-commercial use on an experimental collaborative wiki site that Benkler set up at [[www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks/|http://www.benkler.org/wealth_of_networks/]].
The opportunity to participate in "The Wealth of Networks Wiki " has played a valuable role in the development of plans for the use of ICT in support of the NGO Committee on Education's plans for the Decade on Education for Sustainable Development, and the Committee has published the primary HTML version of the book at [[www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks| http://www.climate-change-two.net/wealth-of-networks]]
These tiddlers are included for their usefulness in administering, managing and editing this TiddlyWiki web page, and may be of interest to visitors who want to explore some of the unique design features of TiddlyWiki web pages, and perhaps to being developing your own TiddyWiki pages. A central key to the genius of the design of TiddlyWiki is the way that virtually all aspects of a TiddlyWiki web page - organization and classification of the content, layout, format, colours, fonts, functions and features can be managed through tiddlers that define templates, styles or macros and features written in Javascript.
* [[Tiddler Lists]]
** [[Alphabetical Tiddlers]]
** [[Tiddler Timeline]]
** [[Shadow Tiddlers]]
** [[Missing Tiddlers]]
** [[Imported Tiddlers]]
** [[Tiddler Tags]]
** [[Included TiddlyWikis]]
* [[Main Menu|MainMenu]]
** [[Default Tiddlers|DefaultTiddlers]]
* [[Import Tiddlers]]
* [[Plugin Macros]]
* [[Templates & Stylesheets]]
** PageTemplate
** ViewTemplate
** EditTemplate
** StyleSheetLayout
** StyleSheetColors
** [[Colour Palette]]
* [[Formatting Tiddlers]]
** [[Formatting Text]]
** [[Headers & Outlines]]
** [[Tiddly Links]]
** [[Tables]]
** [[Images]]
This tiddler uses the {{<<allTags>>}}} built-in macro to list the tags / key words, indicate the number of tiddlers with each tag, and create a link to each tag that displays all the tiddlers with the tag.
<<allTags>>
/*{{{*/
.viewer .listTitle {list-style-type: none; margin-left: -2em;}
.viewer .button {
border: 1px solid [[ColorPalette::SecondaryMid]];
}
.viewer blockquote {
[[ColorPalette::Foeground]];
}
.viewer table {
padding: 2px;
}
.viewer th, thead td {
background: [[ColorPalette::SecondaryLight]];
color: [[ColorPalette::PrimaryDark]];
}
.viewer td, .viewer tr {
border:1px solid [[ColorPalette::TertiaryDark]];
padding: 3px;
}
.viewer pre {
border: 1px solid [[ColorPalette::SecondaryLight]];
background: [[ColorPalette::SecondaryPale]];
}
.viewer code {
color: [[ColorPalette::SecondaryDark]];
}
.viewer hr {
border: 0;
border-top: solid2px [[ColorPalette::TertiaryDark]];
color: [[ColorPalette::TertiaryDark]];
}
/*}}}*/
To hide text within a tiddler so that it is not displayed you can wrap it in {{{/%}}} and {{{%/}}}. It can be a useful trick for hiding drafts or annotating complex markup. Edit this tiddler to see an example.
/%This text is not displayed
until you try to edit %/
A ''Tiddler'' is the basic unit of content in a TiddlyWiki, the equivalent of a page in a conventional Wiki site or web site. There are three basic types of Tiddlers: scripts or macros, styles, and text, although a Tiddler can contain elements of all three.
Each tiddler is of the form of a styled {{{<div> ... </div>}}} with attributes for the name of the Tiddler, the user name of the last person wh edited the Tiddler, a 12-digit date and time code for the date and time the Tiddler was modified and created, and a set of tags or key words, where the tag is either a single word, or two or more words enclosed by square brackets - e.g. {{{[[sustainable development]]}}}, and in the source code of a TiddlyWiki page each Tiddler is a single line of code, and looks something like the following
{{{<div tiddler'"Tiddlers" modifier="Editor" modified="200611111130" created="20061031830" tags="tag1 tag2 [[another tag]] .... ">content of tiddler - optionally with TiddlerMarkup language.</div>}}} In the source code, a new line is coded as {{{/n}}}.
The contents of a Tiddler can be formatted with simple but powerful formatting codes, described in more detail in TiddlerMarkup
nTiddlyPerfect is an emerging hybrid information species - based on TiddlyWiki and DataPerfect, two remarkable software platforms. TiddlyWiki is a brilliant new platform for a self-contained wiki site, powered by Javascript, in which contents is based on "tiddlers" that can contains, formatted text, images, etc, plugin macros written in Javascript that can be executed inside other tiddlers, and cascading styles sheets, and that offers exceptional versatility in organizing and presenting web-based information. DataPerfect, a largely unrecognized star of the legendary WordPerfect family of the MS-DOS era - obscured by the onset of Windows - is arguably the most brilliant relational database ever written and is an ideal engine from which tiddlers can be generated. In the full implementation of TiddlyPerfect, a DataPerfect engine will serve as a database engine for TiddyyWiki. In the meantime, DataPerfect has been used as the engine to generate the content for several TiddyWiki sites.
The extensive archives of [[Information Habitat: Where Information Lives]], gathered over the past sixteen years in the course of Information Habitat's pioneer tole in promoting the adoption of information and communications technology by the United Nations NGO community, beginning with the preparations for the 1992 Earth Summit that are serving as the initial collection for [[Climate Change 2.0]] and for the [[NGO Committee on Education]]'s commitment in support of the [[United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development]] have been largely maintained in a set of DataPerfect digital engines, that will be used to generate an evolving set of prototype TiddlyPerfect sites.
''~TiddlyWiki'' - [[www.tiddlywiki.com|http://www.tiddlywiki.com]] - is a brilliant, versatile completely self-contained personal wiki powered by ''HTML''. ''Javascript'' & ''Cascading Styles'' that allows one to add and modify 'microcontent' using a simple, yet powerful markup language. Each piece of microcontent, that can include text, images, Javascript macros and/or Cascading Styles, is saved in a separate "tiddler" that records the creator or modifier of the tiddler, the date and time the tiddler was created and last modified, and a set of tags / keywords in addition to the content.
~TiddlyWiki was created by ''Jeremy Ruston'' and is published under an Open Source license that allows anyone to use and share it freely. The incorporation of an [[Import Tiddlers]] feature makes it easy to import tiddlers from other TiddlyWiki pages, and this site includes a number of "plugin macros" that have been imported from other pages. There is a very active, resourceful and enthusiastic community of thinkers, developers and users who help each other to get the best out of using ~TiddlyWiki.
!! TiddlyWiki sites
/***
| Name:|ToggleTagMacro|
| Description:|Makes a checkbox which toggles a tag in a tiddler|
| Version:|6.1.2|
| Date:|20-Oct-2006|
| Source:|http://tiddlyspot.com/mptw/#ToggleTagMacro|
| Author:|SimonBaird|
| License:|[[BSD open source license]]|
| CoreVersion:|2.1|
!Usage
{{{<<toggleTag }}}//{{{TagName TiddlerName LabelText}}}//{{{>>}}}
* TagName - the tag to be toggled, default value "checked"
* TiddlerName - the tiddler to toggle the tag in, default value the current tiddler
* LabelText - the text (gets wikified) to put next to the check box, default value is '{{{[[TagName]]}}}' or '{{{[[TagName]] [[TiddlerName]]}}}'
(If a parameter is '.' then the default will be used)
Examples:
|Code|Description|Example|h
|{{{<<toggleTag>>}}}|Toggles the default tag (checked) in this tiddler|<<toggleTag>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag TagName>>}}}|Toggles the TagName tag in this tiddler|<<toggleTag TagName>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName>>}}}|Toggles the TagName tag in the TiddlerName tiddler|<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName 'click me'>>}}}|Same but with custom label|<<toggleTag TagName TiddlerName 'click me'>>|
|{{{<<toggleTag . . 'click me'>>}}}|dot means use default value|<<toggleTag . . 'click me'>>|
(Note if TiddlerName doesn't exist it will be silently created)
!Known issues
* Doesn't smoothly handle the case where you toggle a tag in a tiddler that is current open for editing. Should it stick the tag in the edit box?
***/
//{{{
merge(config.macros,{
toggleTag: {
doRefreshAll: true,
createIfRequired: true,
shortLabel: "[[%0]]",
longLabel: "[[%0]] [[%1]]",
handler: function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
var tag = (params[0] && params[0] != '.') ? params[0] : "checked";
var title = (params[1] && params[1] != '.') ? params[1] : tiddler.title;
var defaultLabel = (title == tiddler.title ? this.shortLabel : this.longLabel);
var label = (params[2] && params[2] != '.') ? params[2] : defaultLabel;
var theTiddler = title == tiddler.title ? tiddler : store.getTiddler(title);
var cb = createTiddlyCheckbox(place, label.format([tag,title]), theTiddler && theTiddler.isTagged(tag), function(e) {
if (!store.tiddlerExists(title)) {
if (config.macros.toggleTag.createIfRequired) {
var content = store.getTiddlerText(title); // just in case it's a shadow
store.saveTiddler(title,title,content?content:"",config.options.txtUserName,new Date(),null);
}
else
return false;
}
//store.suspendNotifications();
store.setTiddlerTag(title,this.checked,tag);
//refreshDisplay();
//store.resumeNotifications();
return true;
});
}
}
});
//}}}
[[1.1 Observations of climate change]] +++
> <<tiddler "1.1 Observations of climate change">>
===
[[1.2 Observed effects of climate changes]] +++
> <<tiddler "1.2 Observed effects of climate changes">>
===
[[1.3 Consistency of changes in physical and biological systems with warming]] +++
> <<tiddler "1.3 Consistency of changes in physical and biological systems with warming">>
===
[[1.4 Some aspects of climate have not been observed to change]] +++
> <<tiddler "1.4 Some aspects of climate have not been observed to change">>
===
This topic considers both natural and anthropogenic drivers of climate change including the chain from greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to atmospheric concentrations to radiative forcing^^4^^ to climate responses and effects.
[[2.1 Emissions of long-lived GHGs]]
The radiative forcing of the climate system is dominated by the long-lived GHGs, and this section considers those whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC.
''Global GHG emissions due to human activities have grown since pre-industrial times, with an increase of 70% between 1970 and 2004 (Figure 2.1).''^^5^^ {WGIII 1.3, SPM}
CO~~2~~ is the most important anthropogenic GHG. Its annual emissions have grown between 1970 and 2004 by about 80%, from 21 to 38 Gt, and represented 77% of total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004 (Figure 2.1). The rate of growth of CO~~2~~-eq emissions was much higher during the recent ten year period of 1995-2004 (0.92 ~GtCO~~2~~-eq per year) than during the previous period of 1970-1994 (0.43 ~GtCO~~2~~-eq per year). {WGIII 1.3, TS.1, SPM}
The largest growth in GHG emissions between 1970 and 2004 has come from energy supply, transport and industry, while residential and commercial buildings, forestry (including deforestation) and agriculture sectors have been growing at a lower rate. The sectoral sources of ~GHGs in 2004 are considered in Figure 2.1c. {WGIII 1.3, SPM}
''Global anthropogenic GHG emissions''
Figure 2.1. (a) Global annual emissions of anthropogenic GHGs from 1970 to 2004.^^5 ^^(b) Share of different anthropogenic GHGs in total emissions in 2004 in terms of CO~~2~~-eq. (c) Share of different sectors in total anthropogenic GHG emissions in 2004 in terms of CO~~2~~-eq. (Forestry includes deforestation). {WGIII Figures TS 1a, TS 1b, TS 2b}
The effect on global emissions of the decrease in global energy intensity (-33%) during 1970 to 2004 has been smaller than the combined effect of global income growth (77%) and global population growth (69%); both drivers of increasing energy-related CO~~2~~ emissions. The long-term trend of declining CO~~2~~ emissions per unit of energy supplied reversed after 2000. {WGIII 1.3, Figure SPM.2, SPM}
Differences in per capita income, per capita emissions, and energy intensity among countries remain significant. In 2004, UNFCCC Annex I countries held a 20% share in world population, produced 57% of world Gross Domestic Product based on Purchasing Power Parity (GDP~~ppp~~)~~,~~ and accounted for 46% of global GHG emissions (Figure 2.2). {WGIII 1.3, SPM}
''Regional distribution of GHG emissions by population and by GDP~~PPP~~''
''Figure 2.2. ''(a) Distribution of regional per capita GHG emissions according to the population of different country groupings in 2004 (see appendix for definitions of country groupings). (b) Distribution of regional GHG emissions per US$ of GDPPPP over the GDP of different country groupings in 2004. The percentages in the bars in both panels indicate a regions share in global GHG emissions. {WGIII Figures SPM.3A, SPM.3B}
[[2.2 Drivers of climate change]]
Changes in the atmospheric concentrations of GHGs and aerosols, land cover and solar radiation alter the energy balance of the climate system and are drivers of climate change. They affect the absorption, scattering and emission of radiation within the atmosphere and at the Earth' s surface. The resulting positive or negative changes in energy balance due to these factors are expressed as radiative forcing^^4^^, which is used to compare warming or cooling influences on global climate. {WGI TS.2}
Human activities result in emissions of four long-lived ~GHGs: CO~~2~~, methane (CH~~4~~), nitrous oxide (N~~2~~O) and halocarbons (a group of gases containing fluorine, chlorine or bromine). Atmospheric concentrations of GHGs increase when emissions are larger than removal processes.
''Global atmospheric concentrations of CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~ and N~~2~~O have increased markedly as a result of human activities since 1750 and now far exceed pre-industrial values determined from ice cores spanning many thousands of years (Figure 2.3). The atmospheric concentrations of CO~~2~~ and CH~~4~~ in 2005 exceed by far the natural range over the last 650,000 years. Global increases in CO~~2 ~~concentrations are due primarily to fossil fuel use, with land-use change providing another significant but smaller contribution. It is //very likely// that the observed increase in CH~~4 ~~concentration is predominantly due to agriculture and fossil fuel use. The increase in N~~2~~O concentration is primarily due to agriculture.'' {WGI 2.3, 7.3, SPM}
The global atmospheric concentration of CO~~2~~ increased from a pre-industrial value of about 280 ppm to 379 ppm in 2005. The annual CO~~2~~ concentration growth-rate was larger during the last 10 years (1995-2005 average: 1.9 ppm per year), than it has been since the beginning of continuous direct atmospheric measurements (1960-2005 average: 1.4 ppm per year) although there is year-to-year variability in growth rates. {WGI 2.3, 7.3, SPM; WGIII 1.3}
The global atmospheric concentration of CH~~4~~ has increased from a pre-industrial value of about 715 ppb to 1732 ppb in the early 1990s, and was 1774 ppb in 2005. Growth rates have declined since the early 1990s, consistent with total emissions (sum of anthropogenic and natural sources) being nearly constant during this period. {WGI 2.3, 7.4, SPM}
The global atmospheric N~~2~~O concentration increased from a pre-industrial value of about 270 ppb to 319 ppb in 2005. {WGI 2.3, 7.4, SPM}
Many halocarbons (including hydrofluorocarbons) have increased from a near zero pre-industrial background concentration, primarily due to human activities. {WGI 2.3, SPM; SROC SPM}
''Changes in ~GHGs from ice core and modern data''
Figure 2.3. Atmospheric concentrations of CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~ and N~~2~~O over the last 10,000 years (large panels) and since 1750 (inset panels). Measurements are shown from ice cores (symbols with different colours for different studies) and atmospheric samples (red lines). The corresponding radiative forcings relative to 1750 are shown on the right hand axes of the large panels. {WGI Figure SPM.1}
''There is //very high confidence// that the globally averaged net effect of human activities since 1750 has been one of warming, with a radiative forcing of +1.6 [+0.6 to +2.4] W/m^^2^^'' (Figure 2.4). {WGI 2.3, 6.5, 2.9, SPM}
The combined radiative forcing due to increases in CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~ and N~~2~~O is +2.3 [+2.1 to +2.5] W/m^^2^^, and its rate of increase during the industrial era is //very likely// to have been unprecedented in more than 10,000 years (Figures 2.3 and 2.4). The CO~~2~~ radiative forcing increased by 20% from 1995 to 2005, the largest change for any decade in at least the last 200 years. {WGI 2.3, 6.4, SPM}
Anthropogenic contributions to aerosols (primarily sulphate, organic carbon, black carbon, nitrate and dust) together produce a cooling effect, with a total direct radiative forcing of -0.5 [-0.9 to -0.1] W/m^^2 ^^and an indirect cloud albedo forcing of -0.7 [-1.8 to -0.3]W/m^^2^^. Aerosols also influence precipitation. {WGI 2.4, 2.9, 7.5, SPM}
In comparison, changes in solar irradiance since 1750 are estimated to have caused a small radiative forcing of +0.12 [+0.06 to +0.30] W/m^^2^^, which is less than half the estimate given in the TAR. {WGI 2.7, SPM}
''Radiative forcing components''
''Figure 2.4. ''Global-average radiative forcing (RF) in 2005 (best estimates and 5-95% uncertainty ranges) with respect to 1750 for CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~, N~~2~~O and other important agents and mechanisms, together with the typical geographical extent (spatial scale) of the forcing and the assessed level of scientific understanding (LOSU). Aerosols from explosive volcanic eruptions contribute an additional episodic cooling term for a few years following an eruption. The range for linear contrails does not include other possible effects of aviation on cloudiness. {WGI Figure SPM.2}
[[2.3 Climate sensitivity and feedbacks]]
The equilibrium climate sensitivity is a measure of the climate system response to sustained radiative forcing. It is defined as the equilibrium global average surface warming following a doubling of CO~~2~~ concentration. Progress since the TAR enables an assessment that climate sensitivity is //likely// to be in the range 2 to 4.5°C with a best estimate of about 3°C, and is //very unlikely// to be less than 1.5°C. Values substantially higher than 4.5°C cannot be excluded, but agreement of models with observations is not as good for those values. {WGI 8.6, 9.6, Box 10.2, SPM}
Feedbacks can amplify or dampen the response to a given forcing. Direct emission of water vapour (a greenhouse gas) by human activities makes a negligible contribution to radiative forcing. However, as global average temperature increases, tropospheric water vapour concentrations increase and this represents a key positive feedback but not a forcing of climate change. Water vapour changes represent the largest feedback affecting equilibrium climate sensitivity and are now better understood than in the TAR. Cloud feedbacks remain the largest source of uncertainty. Spatial patterns of climate response are largely controlled by climate processes and feedbacks. For example, sea-ice albedo feedbacks tend to enhance the high latitude response. {WGI 2.8, 8.6, 9.2, TS 2.1.3, 2.5, SPM}
Warming reduces terrestrial and ocean uptake of atmospheric CO~~2~~, increasing the fraction of anthropogenic emissions remaining in the atmosphere. This positive carbon cycle feedback leads to larger atmospheric CO~~2~~ increases and greater climate change for a given emissions scenario, but the strength of this feedback effect varies markedly among models. {WGI 7.3, TS 5.4, SPM; WGII 4.4}
[[2.4. Attribution of climate change]]
Attribution evaluates whether observed changes are quantitatively consistent with the expected response to external forcings (e.g. changes in solar irradiance or anthropogenic GHGs) and inconsistent with alternative physically plausible explanations. {WGI TS.4, SPM}
''Most of the observed increase in globally-averaged temperatures since the mid-20^^th^^ century is //very likely// due to the observed increase in anthropogenic GHG concentrations. This is an advance since the TARs conclusion that "most of the observed warming over the last 50 years is //likely// to have been due to the increase in GHG concentrations" (Figure 2.5).'' {WGI 9.4, SPM}
The observed widespread warming of the atmosphere and ocean, together with ice mass loss, support the conclusion that it is //extremely unlikely// that global climate change of the past 50 years can be explained without external forcing, and //very likely// that it is not due to known natural causes alone. During this period, the sum of solar and volcanic forcings would //likely// have produced cooling, not warming. Warming of the climate system has been detected in changes in surface and atmospheric temperatures, and in temperatures of the upper several hundred metres of the ocean. The observed pattern of tropospheric warming and stratospheric cooling is //very likely// due to the combined influences of GHG increases and stratospheric ozone depletion. It is //likely// that increases in GHG concentrations alone would have caused more warming than observed because volcanic and anthropogenic aerosols have offset some warming that would otherwise have taken place. {WGI 2.9, 3.2, 3.4, 4.8, 5.2, 7.5, 9.4, 9.5, 9.7, TS 4.1, SPM}
''Global and continental temperature change''
''Figure 2.5''. Comparison of observed continental- and global-scale changes in surface temperature with results simulated by climate models using either natural or both natural and anthropogenic forcings. Decadal averages of observations are shown for the period 1906-2005 (black line) plotted against the centre of the decade and relative to the corresponding average for the 1901-1950. Lines are dashed where spatial coverage is less than 50%. Blue shaded bands show the 5-95% range for 19 simulations from 5 climate models using only the natural forcings due to solar activity and volcanoes. Red shaded bands show the 5-95% range for 58 simulations from 14 climate models using both natural and anthropogenic forcings. {WGI Figure SPM.4}
''It is //likely// that there has been significant anthropogenic warming over the past 50 years averaged over each continent (except Antarctica) (Figure 2.5).'' {WGI 3.2, 9.4, SPM}
The observed patterns of warming, including greater warming over land than over the ocean, and their changes over time, are simulated only by models that include anthropogenic forcing. No coupled global climate model that has used natural forcing only, has reproduced the continental mean warming trends in individual continents (except Antarctica) over the second half of the 20^^th^^ century. {WGI 3.2, 9.4, TS 4.2, SPM}
Difficulties remain in simulating and attributing observed temperature changes at smaller scales. On these scales, natural climate variability is relatively larger, making it harder to distinguish changes expected due to external forcings. Uncertainties in local forcings, such as due to aerosols and land-use change, and feedbacks also make it difficult to estimate the contribution of GHG increases to observed small-scale temperature changes. {WGI 8.3, 9.4, SPM}
Advances since the TAR show that discernible human influences extend beyond average temperature to other aspects of climate, including temperature extremes and wind patterns. {WGI 9.4, 9.5, SPM}
Temperatures of the most extreme hot nights, cold nights and cold days are //likely// to have increased due to anthropogenic forcing. It is //more likely than not// that anthropogenic forcing has increased the risk of heat waves. Anthropogenic forcing is //likely// to have contributed to changes in wind patterns, affecting extra-tropical storm tracks and temperature patterns in both hemispheres. However, the observed changes in the Northern Hemisphere circulation are larger than simulated by models in response to 20^^th^^ century forcing change. {WGI 3.5, 3.6, 9.4, 9.5, 10.3, SPM}
It is //very likely// that the response to anthropogenic forcing contributed to sea level rise during the latter half of the 20^^th^^ century. There is some evidence of the impact of human climatic influence on the hydrological cycle, including the observed large-scale patterns of changes in land precipitation over the 20^^th^^ century. It is //more likely than not// that human influence has contributed to a global trend towards increases in area affected by drought since the 1970s and the frequency of heavy precipitation events. {WGI 3.3, 5.5, 9.5, TS 4.1, TS.4.3}
Anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has //likely// had a discernible influence at the global scale on observed changes in many physical and biological systems. {WGII 1.4}
A synthesis of studies strongly demonstrates that the spatial agreement between regions of significant warming across the globe and the locations of significant observed changes in many natural systems consistent with warming is //very unlikely// to be due solely to natural variability of temperatures or natural variability of the systems. Several modelling studies have linked some specific responses in physical and biological systems to anthropogenic warming, but only a few such studies have been performed. Taken together with evidence of significant anthropogenic warming over the past 50 years averaged over each continent (except Antarctica), it is //likely// that anthropogenic warming over the last three decades has had a discernible influence on many natural systems. {WGI 3.2, 9.4, SPM; WGII 1.4, SPM}
Limitations and gaps currently prevent more complete attribution of the causes of observed natural system responses to anthropogenic warming. The available analyses are limited in the number of systems, length of records and locations considered. Natural temperature variability is larger at the regional than the global scale, thus affecting identification of changes to external forcing. At the regional scale, other non-climate factors (such as land-use change, pollution and invasive species) are influential. {WGII 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, SPM}
Notes
4. //Radiative forcing// is a measure of the influence a factor has in altering the balance of incoming and outgoing energy in the Earth-atmosphere system and is an index of the importance of the factor as a potential climate change mechanism. In this report radiative forcing values are for changes relative to pre-industrial conditions defined at 1750 and are expressed in watts per square metre (W/m^^2^^).
5. Includes only CO~~2~~, CH~~4~~, N~~2~~O, ~HFCs, ~PFCs and ~SF6, whose emissions are covered by the UNFCCC. These ~GHGs are weighted by their 100-year Global Warming Potentials, using values consistent with reporting under the UNFCCC.
Type the text for 'New Tiddler'
Type the text for 'New Tiddler'
Type the text for 'New Tiddler'
/***
''TwHelpSearch'' for TiddlyWiki 2.0.x to 2.2.x
^^author: Morris S. Gray
source: http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/#TwHelpSearchPlugin
license: [[Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 2.5 License|http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/]]^^
|>|>|>|<<search>> |
|>|>| look for in |>|>|
| <<option chkSearchTitles>> | <<option chkSearchText>> | <<option chkSearchTags>> | <<option chkHoldSearches>> |
| titles | text | tags | hold |
''A Plugin Tweak for:'' SearchOptionsPlugin
!!!!!Description
<<<
This plugin defines an alternative format for the SearchResults tiddler that is generated by the SearchOptionsPlugin . It presents the search results in tabular form numbering the rows; and showing the tiddler title, the size in bytes, and the tags. It is ready to be used with the [[SortableGridPlugin|http://solo.dc3.com/tw/#SortableGridPlugin]] (check versions) so any column can be sorted; such as size in ascending or descending order.
<<<
!!!!!Installation
<<<
Import (or copy/paste) the following tiddlers into your ~TiddlyWiki:
* http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/#TwHelpSearchPlugin
*SearchOptionsPlugin from http://www.tiddlytools.com/#SearchOptionsPlugin
* Get more documentation here TwHelpSearchDoc or here:
* http://twhelp.tiddlyspot.com/#TwHelpSearchDoc
<<<
!!!!!Revision History
<<<
''2007.09.12 [1.0.6]''
Added overflow scroll to TWHelp-SearchResults for long titles or tags.
''2006.02.03 [1.0.5]''
Added facility for holding the results of multiple searches with tick box on dashboard.
''2006.02.02 [1.0.4]''
Added several options, cleaned up design.Planning one version basic and one with added options this is the added options version.
''2006.01.27 [1.0.3''
Added a column for the size of the text in each tiddler, this does not include the size of the title or tags. Added overall TW statistics button requires TiddlerStatsPlugin.
''2006.01.23 [1.0.2 ]''
''a)''Changed function reportSearchResults(text,matches) to window.reportSearchResults=function(text,matches)
''b)''Added a line so that Incremental Search is automatically disabled config.options.chkSearchIncremental=false; turn off key-by-key searching
''c)''Removed space inside parens. bgcolor(#fe8 )" to "bgcolor(#fe8)". This
is what was causing IE to 'crap out' halfway through drawing the table
headings.
''d)''Added {{{config.options.chkSearchList=true;}}}
''2006.01.20 [1.0.1]''
ELS: reportSearchResults() definition moved to this Plugin Tweak tiddler and removed extranous code
''2006.01.19 [1.0.0]''
This is an adaptation of Eric Shulman's SearchOptionsPlugin. Adapted by MorrisGray to provide search results in table form. All the necessary controls for refining the search is provided within the table including slide-down access to AdvancedOptions.
<<<
!!!!!Code
***/
//{{{
if (config.options.chkSinglePageMode==undefined) config.options.chkSinglePageMode=false;
if (config.options.chkRegExpSearch==undefined) config.options.chkRegExpSearch=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchTitles==undefined) config.options.chkSearchTitles=false;
if (config.options.chkSearchText==undefined) config.options.chkSearchText=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchTags==undefined) config.options.chkSearchTags=false;
if (config.options.chkSearchTitlesFirst==undefined) config.options.chkSearchTitlesFirst=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchList==undefined) config.options.chkSearchList=true;
if (config.options.chkSearchIncremental==undefined) config.options.chkSearchIncremental=false;
if (config.options.chkToggleLinks==true) config.options.chkToggleLinks=false;
if (config.options.chkHoldSearches==undefined) config.options.chkHoldSearches=false;
if (config.options.chkSortTags==undefined) config.options.chkSortTags=false;
config.options.chkToggleLinks=false;
config.options.chkSinglePageMode=false;
config.options.chkHoldSearches=false;
config.options.chkSearchIncremental=false;
config.options.chkHttpReadOnly = false;
config.options.chkRegExpSearch=true;
config.options.chkSearchList=true;
config.options.chkToggleLinks=false;
config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions += "\n<<option chkHoldSearches>> Hold search results";
//}}}
//{{{
// Give the report a custom name
config.macros.search.reportTitle="TWHelp-SearchResults";
// Override default SearchOptionsPlugin formatting for SearchResults tiddler
window.reportSearchResults=function(text,matches)
{
var title=config.macros.search.reportTitle
config.macros.search.reportTitle;
var q = config.options.chkRegExpSearch ? "/" : "'";
if (!config.options.chkHoldSearches) body="";
body+="\n|>|bgcolor(#8af):@@color(#000080):''"+config.macros.search.successMsg.format([matches.length,q+"{{{"+text+"}}}"+q])+"''@@|bgcolor(#8af): @@color(#A00000): SearchHelp@@ "+"|"+"\n";
body+="|>|>|bgcolor(#E3FFE3):<<search>> <<option chkSearchTitles>> Titles <<option chkSearchText>> Text <<option chkSearchTags>>Tags <<option chkHoldSearches>> Hold |"+"\n";
body+="\n| |bgcolor(#8af): @@color(#000080):sort by: ''Titles''@@ |bgcolor(#8af): @@color(#000080): ''Size'' (bytes)@@ |bgcolor(#8af): @@color(#000080): ''Tags''@@ |h";
for(var t=0;t<matches.length;t++)
body+="\n"+"| "+(t+1)+"|[["+matches[t].title+"]]| "+matches[t].text.length+"|"+"@@"+matches[t].tags+"@@"+"|";
body+="\n";
// create/update the tiddler
var tiddler=store.getTiddler(title); if (!tiddler) tiddler=new Tiddler();
tiddler.set(title,body,config.options.txtUserName,(new Date()),"excludeLists excludeSearch killbookmark");
store.addTiddler(tiddler); story.closeTiddler(title);
// render tiddler
var oldprompt=config.macros.search.label;
config.macros.search.label="search again"; // use alternate "search again" label
story.displayTiddler(null,title,1); // force refresh
config.macros.search.label=oldprompt; // restore standard search label
}
//}}}
http://unfccc.int/meetings/cop_13/items/4049.php
''UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements'', developed by the [[Information and Communications Sub-Committee]] of the [[NGO Committee on Education]], is a unique hyperlinked collection of more than five hundred key United Nations documents relating to sustainable development, education, human rights, peace, etc., including the agreements from most of the major global conferences organized by the United Nations and a significant number of important conventions / treaties. A significant number of these documents have only previously been available as scanned images - where their contents were mostly generally inaccessible to Internet search engines and from which it was not possible to copy selected text - and have been converted using Optical Character Recognition software.
The documents have been converted into a simple HTML format, imported into a DataPerfect database, and re-generated in a consistent common format. A simple, consistent system of file names for documents with UN document codes has been adopted, making it easy to reference the documents - e.g. the URL for General Assembly Resolution A/RES/60/1 - the ''2005 World Summit Outcome'' is [[www.un-documents.net/a60r1.htm|http://www.un-documents.net/a60r1.htm]]. For consistency and to simplify the recognition and understanding, a revised document code has been adopted for General Assembly resolutions for the first thirty Sessions of the General Assembly, for which Roman numerals have historically been used to identify the session; thus the GA resolution 2625 (XXV) on the.''Declaration on Principles of International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations'' has been given the document code A/RES/25/2625 instead of A/RES/2625(XXV) and a corresponding URL of [[www.un-documents.net/a25r2625.htm|http://www.un-documents.net/a25r2625.htm]].
In the case of many of the longer documents in the collection, a Table of Contents, with links to the different sections has been added. In the case of conventions, "anchors" have been added to each article of the convention. This makes it possible to create links directly to relevant sections in a document. For the General Assembly documents. the number of the agenda item has been recorded, and the task of adding the description of the agenda items has been partially implemented.
The documents in the collection have been classified with key words, to make it easier to find related documents; there remains considerable need for additional key words, and for elaboration of the organization and structure of the key words. The inclusion of hyperlinks to references cited in documents makes it possible to a} generate a table to links for each document, and b) to create a listing of documents that include a reference to the documents. The generation of web pages with the backward and forward reference tables remains as a future enhancement; a sample document, links for the ''2005 World Summit Outcome'' is available at [[www.un-documents.net/links/a60r1.htm|http://www.un-documents.net/links/a60r1.htm]]
The ''Official Records of the General Assembly'' corresponding to the resolutions have also been added to the collection and uploaded;the Official Records are a very valuable resource for anyone interested in the history of the United Nations; these records are only available as scanned pdf files; in most cases, many of the pages are skewed in the vopies on the ''Official Documents of the United Nations'' - [[documents.un.org|http://documents.un.org]] - some of the files of the official records have been de-skewed - with ''ReadIris Pro'', an excellent OCR package, and blank pages have been removed.
The UN Documents web site has been submitted to the major search engines, with the result that some of the documents are now fairly close to the top of Google search results for their title and a [[Google site search|Google UN documents]] offers a quick way to find relevant documents in the collection.
For the purposes of this Convention:
# "Adverse effects of climate change" means changes in the physical environment or biota resulting from climate change which have significant deleterious effects on the composition, resilience or productivity of natural and managed ecosystems or on the operation of socio-economic systems or on human health and welfare.
# "Climate change" means a change of climate which is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods.
# "Climate system" means the totality of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere and geosphere and their interactions.
# "Emissions" means the release of greenhouse gases and/or their precursors into the atmosphere over a specified area and period of time.
# "Greenhouse gases" means those gaseous constituents of the atmosphere, both natural and anthropogenic, that absorb and re-emit infrared radiation.
# "Regional economic integration organization" means an organization constituted by sovereign States of a given region which has competence in respect of matters governed by this Convention or its protocols and has been duly authorized, in accordance with its internal procedures, to sign, ratify, accept, approve or accede to the instruments concerned.
# "Reservoir" means a component or components of the climate system where a greenhouse gas or a precursor of a greenhouse gas is stored.
# "Sink" means any process, activity or mechanism which removes a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas from the atmosphere.
# "Source" means any process or activity which releases a greenhouse gas, an aerosol or a precursor of a greenhouse gas into the atmosphere
The ultimate objective of this Convention and any related legal instruments that the Conference of the Parties may adopt is to achieve, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the Convention, stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would prevent dangerous anthropogenic interference with the climate system.
Such a level should be achieved within a time frame sufficient
* to allow ecosystems to adapt naturally to climate change,
* to ensure that food production is not threatened and
* to enable economic development to proceed in a sustainable manner.
!! Article 3: Principles
In their actions to achieve the objective of the Convention and to implement its provisions, the Parties shall be guided, inter alia, by the following:
# The Parties should protect the climate system for the benefit of present and future generations of humankind, on the basis of equity and in accordance with their common but differentiated responsibilities and respective capabilities. Accordingly, the developed country Parties should take the lead in combating climate change and the adverse effects thereof.
# The specific needs and special circumstances of developing country Parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate change, and of those Parties, especially developing country Parties, that would have to bear a disproportionate or abnormal burden under the Convention, should be given full consideration.
# The Parties should take precautionary measures to anticipate, prevent or minimize the causes of climate change and mitigate its adverse effects. Where there are threats of serious or irreversible damage, lack of full scientific certainty should not be used as a reason for postponing such measures, taking into account that policies and measures to deal with climate change should be cost-effective so as to ensure global benefits at the lowest possible cost. To achieve this, such policies and measures should take into account different socio-economic contexts, be comprehensive, cover all relevant sources, sinks and reservoirs of greenhouse gases and adaptation, and comprise all economic sectors. Efforts to address climate change may be carried out cooperatively by interested Parties.
# The Parties have a right to, and should, promote sustainable development. Policies and measures to protect the climate system against human-induced change should be appropriate for the specific conditions of each Party and should be integrated with national development programmes, taking into account that economic development is essential for adopting measures to address climate change.
# The Parties should cooperate to promote a supportive and open international economic system that would lead to sustainable economic growth and development in all Parties, particularly developing country Parties, thus enabling them better to address the problems of climate change. Measures taken to combat climate change, including unilateral ones, should not constitute a means of arbitrary or unjustifiable discrimination or a disguised restriction on international trade.
''Udo Borkowski''
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap "abego software">> |<<siteMap "tiddlywiki developer">> |
http://www.un.org/climatechange
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is the "framed" home page of the ''United Nations Environment Programme'' web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.unep.org/@@
<html><iframe
src = "http://www.unep.org"
title = "United Nations Environment Programme"
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
> The ''United Nations Forum on Forests'' is a forum for following up on the [[Forest Principles|Non-legally binding authoritative statement of principles for a global consensus on the management, conservation and sustainable development of all types of forests]], on of the [[Earth Summit Agreements]] adopted in conjunction with the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]] in Rio de Janeiro.
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the ''United Nations Forum on Forests'' web site. You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at http://www.un.org/esa/forests/@@
<html>
<iframe
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes"
src = "http://www.un.org/esa/forests/"
title = "United Nations Forum on Forests">
</iframe> </html>
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': [[Click here to view this page in a separate browser tab or window|http://www.un-documents.net/unfccc.htm]]@@
<html>
<iframe
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes"
src = "http://www.un-documents.net/unfccc.htm"
title = "United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change"'>
</iframe> </html>
<<<
Adopted by the ''United Nations General Assembly'' in its resolution 217 A (III), December 10, 1948
<<<
Whereas recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,
Whereas disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,
Whereas it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,
Whereas it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,
Whereas the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,
Whereas Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in co-operation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,
Whereas a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,
Now, therefore the General Assembly proclaims this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.
!!!Article 1.
All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
!!!Article 2.
Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.
!!!Article 3.
Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.
!!!Article 4.
No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.
!!!Article 5.
No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
!!!Article 6.
Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
!!!Article 7.
All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.
!!!Article 8.
Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
!!!Article 9.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
!!!Article 10.
Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.!
!!Article 11.
1. Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.
2. No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.
!!!Article 12.
No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
!!!Article 13.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each state.
2. Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.
!!!Article 14.
1. Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.
2. This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
!!!Article 15.
1. Everyone has the right to a nationality.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.
!!!Article 16.
1. Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.
2. Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.
3. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.
!!!Article 17.
1. Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.
2. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.
!!!Article 18.
Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.
!!!Article 19.
Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.
!!!Article 20.
1. Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.
2. No one may be compelled to belong to an association.
!!!Article 21.
1. Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.
2. Everyone has the right of equal access to public service in his country.
3. The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.
!!!Article 22.
Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.!
!!Article 23.
1. Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.
2. Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.
3. Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.
4. Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.
!!!Article 24.
Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.
!!!Article 25.
1. Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.
2. Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.
!!!Article 26.
1. Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.
2. Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.
3. Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.
!!!Article 27.
1. Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.
2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.
!!!Article 28.
Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.
!!!Article 29.
1. Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.
2. In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.
3. These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.
!!!Article 30.
Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.
//183rd plenary meeting
10 December 1948//
!!Basic Options
TiddlyWiki offers a number of "Interface Options" - using the {{{<<option>>}}} built-in macro - that allow you to customise some of the ways this web site behaves. The options you select are saved in your browser, and will remain in effect when you visit this site again. Note that if you [[download this web site|Download this web site]], there are many more ways you can customize the site.
!!Display Options
<<<
''Font size'': You can increase the size of the font - of the tiddlers only, not the header of menu - by clicking on the ''+'', ''='' or ''-'' <<fontSize "font-size:">> displayed in the [[Hover Menu]] - on the right of the screen - or under ''User Options'' in the menu on the left.
''Full screen display'': You can switch back and forth between full screen display of tiddlers - i.e. without the menu being displayed - by clicking on the <<fullscreen>> in the [[Hover Menu]], or when you "mouse over" the space above the tags that are displayed here at the top right of each tiddler.
<<<
!!Search Options
This site incorporates a number of ''Search option'' - using the built-in search features of TiddlyWiki, supplemented with two plugin macros - [[SearchOptions plugin]] and [[YourSearchPlugin macro]]
<<<
<<option chkSearchTitles>> Search in tiddler titles
<<option chkSearchText>> Search in tiddler text
<<option chkSearchTags>> Search in tiddler tags
<<option chkSearchTitlesFirst>> Search results show title matches first
<<option chkSearchList>> Search results show list of matching tiddlers
<<option chkSearchIncremental>> Incremental searching
<<<
!!!~YourSearch Options
<<<
<<option chkUseYourSearch>> Use 'Your Search'
<<option chkPreviewText>> Show Text Preview
<<option chkSearchAsYouType>> 'Search As You Type' Mode (No RETURN required to start search)
Default Search Filter: <<option chkSearchInTitle>>Titles ('!') <<option chkSearchInText>>Texts ('%') <<option chkSearchInTags>>Tags ('#') <html><br><font size="-2">The parts of a tiddlers that are searched when you don't explicitly specify a filter in the search text (using a '!', '%' or '#' prefix).</font></html>
Number of items on search result page: <<option txtItemsPerPage>>
Number of items on search result page with preview text: <<option txtItemsPerPageWithPreview>>
<<option chkRegExpSearch>> RegExpSearch
<<option chkCaseSensitiveSearch>> Case Sensitive Search
<<option chkAnimate>> Enable Animations
<<<
!!Navigation Options
<<<
<<option chkToggleLinks>> Clicking on links to tiddlers that are already open causes them to close
^^(override with Control or other modifier key)^^
<<option chkOpenInNewWindow>> Open Links In New Window
<<<
!Editing Options
The ''Editing Options'' will only apply if you have [[downloaded this web site|Download this web site]], and open it from a local drive
!!Username
> Enter your username, that is recorded in any tiddlers you edit or create: <<option txtUserName>>
> Conventionally, TiddlyWiki developers suggest this be written as a WikiWord (eg JoeBloggs), however TiddlyWikiPerfect recommends a user name with separate elements, eg Firstname Lastname, a Nickname or an organizational name.
<<<
<<option chkHttpReadOnly>> HideEditingFeatures when viewed over HTTP
<<option chkForceMinorUpdate>> Treat edits as MinorChanges by preserving date and time
^^(override with Shift key when clicking 'done' or by pressing Ctrl-Shift-Enter^^
<<option chkConfirmDelete>> Confirm Before Deleting a tiddler
Maximum number of lines in a tiddler edit box: <<option txtMaxEditRows>>
<<option chkInsertTabs>> Use tab key to insert tab characters instead of jumping to next field
<<<
!!Save Options
<<<
<<option chkSaveBackups>> Save Backups
<<option chkAutoSave>> Auto Save
<<option chkGenerateAnRssFeed>> Generate an Rss Feed
<<option chkSaveEmptyTemplate>> Save Empty Template - i.e. just TiddlyWiki, without any of the tiddlers
Folder name for backup files: <<option txtBackupFolder>>
<<option chkAutoSave>> Auto Save: When selected, the page will be saved each time you save a tiddler; note that it will slow down your editing, while it protects you from losing your work if your browser crashes.
<<<
!!Private Settings:
<<<
<<option chkUsePrivateSettings>> Use private settings.
<<option chkMakeSettingPrivateWhenChanged>> Make setting private when changed.   [[Show Settings]].
^^(Private settings are stored in this ~TiddlyWiki, shared settings are stored as cookies. For more information see the [[Settings documentation|SettingsPlugin Documentation]].)^^
<<<
!!Plugins
<<<
See [[Plugin Macros]] for information on the 3rd party plugin macros used in the web site.
<<<
The ''View ~ColorPalette'' tiddler uses the combination of a "template" - [[TemplateShowColor]] with the built-in [[TiddlerSlice]] feature that allows it to extract information and display the [[RGB]] values and the display colour of the various elements of the ColorPalette. This tiddler uses the expression:
{{{<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','Background')}} Background>>}}}
for each of the colors that are defined and editable in the [[ColorPalette]]
The ''~TemplateShowColor'' tiddler consists of the following expression:
{{{@@font-family:courier new, monospace; ''$1'' @@@@padding-bottom: 5em;width: 25em;background-color: $1; @@ [[$2|ColorPalette]]}}}
however, it is displayed as follows, using the syntax {{{> <<tiddler TemplateShowColor>>}}}: Note the preceding {{{>}}} indents the line that follows. For more information on why it displays that way, and to find out more about how to format the content of tiddlers, visit [[Formatting Tiddlers]].
> <<tiddler TemplateShowColor>>
<<<
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','Background')}} Background>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','Foreground')}} Foreground>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','PrimaryPale')}} PrimaryPale>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','PrimaryLight')}} PrimaryLight>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','PrimaryMid')}} PrimaryMid>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','PrimaryDark')}} PrimaryDark>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','SecondaryPale')}} SecondaryPale>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','SecondaryLight')}} SecondaryLight>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','SecondaryMid')}} SecondaryMid>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','SecondaryDark')}} SecondaryDark>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','TertiaryPale')}} TertiaryPale>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','TertiaryLight')}} TertiaryLight>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','TertiaryMid')}} TertiaryMid>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','TertiaryDark')}} TertiaryDark>>
<<tiddler [[TemplateShowColor]] with:{{store.getTiddlerSlice('ColorPalette','Error')}} Error>>
<<<
<!--{{{-->
<div class='toolbar'>
<span macro="showWhenTagged systemConfig">
<span macro="toggleTag systemConfigDisable . '[[disable|systemConfigDisable]]'"></span>
</span>
<span style="padding:1em;"></span>
<span macro='toolbar closeTiddler closeOthers deleteTiddler permalink fullscreen references jump newTiddler refresh +editTiddler '></span>
</div>
<div class="tagglyTagged" macro="tags"></div>
<div class='titleContainer'>
<span class='title' macro='view title'></span>
<span macro="miniTag"></span>
</div>
<!-- <div class='subtitle'> <span macro='view modifier link'></span>, created <span macro='view created date [[YYYY.0MM.0DD]]'></span>, modified <span macro='view modified date [[YYYY.0MM.0DD]]'></span></div> -->
<!-- <div macro="showWhenExists ViewPanelTemplate">[[ViewPanelTemplate]]</div> -->
<div macro="hideWhen tiddler.tags.containsAny(['html','pre','systemConfig']) && !tiddler.text.match('{{'+'{')">
<div class='viewer' macro='view text wikified'></div>
</div>
<div macro="showWhen tiddler.tags.containsAny(['html','pre','systemConfig']) && !tiddler.text.match('{{'+'{')">
<div class='viewer'><pre macro='view text'></pre></div>
</div>
<!-- <div macro="showWhenExists ViewDashboardTemplate">[[ViewDashboardTemplate]]</div> -->
<div class="tagglyTagging" macro="tagglyTagging"></div>
<!--}}}-->
Sometimes it's handy to be able to write WikiWords without them being recognised as links (for people's names, for instance). You can do this by preceding the WikiWord with a tilde ({{{~}}}). For example, ~JamesBond, ~JavaScript and ~TiddlyWiki
William (Bill) Gellermann is a member of the [[Climate Change Sub-Committee]] of the [[NGO/DPI Executive Committee]], and served as //~Co-Chair// of the [[Networking Sub-Committee]] for the [[Planning Committee|60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference Planning Committee]] for the [[60th Annual DPI/NGO Conference]], and has been a member of the Planning Committee since 2004. Bill is serving as the initial //Convenor// of the [[Tipping Point Working Group]] for the [[NGO/DPI Climate Change Report]]
William Gellermann has a Ph.D. in Applied Behavioral Sciences from UCLA, and his professional life has been as a //Consultant// and //Teacher// on Organizational Development. He has been a faculty member at SUNY (Buffalo), Cornell and CUNY (Richmond College). Consultant since 1970 (clients included major corporations, labor unions, civil rights groups, and government agencies at federal, state, and city level); author of [[Values and Ethics in Organization and Human Systems Development|http://books.google.com/books?id=xi43AQAACAAJ&dq=%22Values+and+Ethics+in+Organization+and+Human+Systems%22&ei=2_E0R-6CNpjcpgKjqbHNDw]] (1990, ~Jossey-Bass). Retired in 2000. Bill Gellerman was elected //~Co-Chair// of the [[Communications Coordination Committee for the UN|http://www.cccun.org/]] (CCC/UN) having previously served as //~Vice-Chair// since 2004.
E-mail: [[gmann@earthlink.net|mailto:gmann@earthlink.net]]
The ''World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts'' is a worldwide Movement in General Consultative Status with the Economic and Social Council providing non-formal education where girls and young women develop leadership and life skills through self-development, challenge and adventure. Girl Guides and Girl Scouts learn by doing. The World Association brings together Girl Guiding and Girl Scouting Associations in 144 countries across the globe.
For more information, visit http://www.waggsworld.org
!!World Conference on Education for All
Jomtein, Thailand, March 1990
* [[Preamble|Jomtien Declaration: Preamble]]
[[World Declaration on Education for All]]
* [[Education For All: The Purpose|Jomtien Declaration: Education For All: The Purpose]]
** Article I - Meeting Basic Learning Needs
* [[Education For All: An Expanded Vision and a Renewed Commitment|Jomtien Declaration: Education For All: An Expanded Vision and a Renewed Commitment]]
** Article II - Shaping The Vision
** Article III - Universalizing Access and Promoting Equity
** Article IV - Focussing on Learning
** Article V - Broadening the Means and Scope of Basic Education
** Article VI - Enhancing the Environment for Learning
** Article VII - Strengthening Partnerships
* [[Education For All: The Requirements|Jomtien Declaration: Education For All: The Requirements]]
** Article VIII - Developing a Supportive Policy Context
** Article IX - Mobilizing Resources
** Article X - Strengthening International Solidarity
<<tiddler "World Declaration on Education For All: Meeting Basic Learning Needs">>
/***
|Name|''YourSearchPlugin''|h
|Author|[[Udo Borkowski]]|
|Version|2.02 (2006.02.13)|
|Description|Provide enhanced search options.|
|Source|http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin|
|Licence|[[BSD open source licence]]|
|TW Version|2.0|
***/
/***
|''Browser:''|Firefox 1.0.4+; Firefox 1.5; InternetExplorer 6.0|
<<tiddler [[YourSearch Introduction]]>>
For more information see [[Help|YourSearch Help]].
!Compatibility
This plugin requires TiddlyWiki 2.0.
Use http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin-1.0.1 for older TiddlyWiki versions.
!Revision history
* v2.0.2 (2006-02-13)
** Bugfix for Firefox 1.5.0.1 related to the "Show prefix" checkbox. Thanks to Ted Pavlic for reporting and to BramChen for fixing.
** Internal
*** Make "JSLint" conform
* v2.0.1 (2006-02-05)
** Support "Exact Word Match" (use '=' to prefix word)
** Support default filter settings (when no filter flags are given in search term)
** Rework on the "less than 3 chars search text" feature (thanks to EricShulman)
** Better support SinglePageMode when doing "Open all tiddlers" (thanks to EricShulman)
** Support Firefox 1.5.0.1
** Bug: Fixed a hilite bug in "classic search mode" (thanks to EricShulman)
* v2.0.0 (2006-01-16)
** Add User Interface
* v1.0.1 (2006-01-06)
** Support TiddlyWiki 2.0
* v1.0.0 (2005-12-28)
** initial version
!Code
The code is compressed.
You can retrieve a readable source code version from http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin-src.
/%
***/
if(!version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin){version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin={major:2,minor:0,revision:2,date:new Date(2006,2,13),type:"plugin",source:"http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin"};var alertAndThrow=function(_1){alert(_1);throw _1;};if(!window.abego){window.abego={};}if(abego.YourSearch){alertAndThrow("abego.YourSearch already defined");}abego.YourSearch={};if(version.major<2){alertAndThrow("YourSearchPlugin requires TiddlyWiki 2.0 or newer.\n\nGet YourSearch 1.0.1 to use YourSearch with older versions of TiddlyWiki.\n\nhttp://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin-1.0.1");}var STQ=function(_2,_3,_4,_5){this.queryText=_2;this.caseSensitive=_3;if(_5){this.regExp=new RegExp(_2,_3?"mg":"img");return;}this.terms=[];var re=/\s*(\-)?([#%!=]*)(?:(?:("(?:(?:\\")|[^"])*")|(\S+)))(?:\s+((?:[aA][nN][dD])|(?:[oO][rR]))(?!\S))?/mg;var _7=re.exec(_2);while(_7!=null&&_7.length==6){var _8="-"==_7[1];var _9=_7[2];var _a=_9.indexOf("!")>=0;var _b=_9.indexOf("%")>=0;var _c=_9.indexOf("#")>=0;var _d=_9.indexOf("=")>=0;if(!_a&&!_b&&!_c){_a=config.options.chkSearchInTitle;_b=config.options.chkSearchInText;_c=config.options.chkSearchInTags;if(!_a&&!_b&&!_c){_a=_b=_c=true;}}if(_4){_b=false;_c=false;}var _e;if(_7[3]){try{_e=eval(_7[3]);}catch(ex){}}else{_e=_7[4];}if(!_e){throw "Invalid search expression: %0".format([_2]);}var _f=_7[5]&&_7[5].charAt(0).toLowerCase()=="o";this.terms.push(new STQ.Term(_e,_a,_b,_c,_8,_f,_3,_d));_7=re.exec(_2);}};var me=STQ.prototype;me.getMatchingTiddlers=function(_10){var _11=[];for(var i in _10){var t=_10[i];if((t instanceof Tiddler)&&this.matchesTiddler(t)){_11.push(t);}}return _11;};me.matchesTiddler=function(_14){if(this.regExp){return this.regExp.test(_14.title)||this.regExp.test(_14.text);}var n=this.terms.length;if(n==0){return false;}var _16=this.terms[0].matchesTiddler(_14);for(var i=1;i<this.terms.length;i++){if(this.terms[i-1].orFollows){if(!_16){_16|=this.terms[i].matchesTiddler(_14);}}else{if(_16){_16&=this.terms[i].matchesTiddler(_14);}}}return _16;};me.getOnlyMatchTitleQuery=function(){if(!this.onlyMatchTitleQuery){this.onlyMatchTitleQuery=new STQ(this.queryText,this.caseSensitive,true,this.useRegExp);}return this.onlyMatchTitleQuery;};me.getMarkRegExp=function(){if(this.regExp){return "".search(this.regExp)>=0?null:this.regExp;}var _18={};var n=this.terms.length;for(var i=0;i<this.terms.length;i++){var _1b=this.terms[i];if(!_1b.negate){_18[_1b.text]=true;}}var _1c=[];for(var t in _18){_1c.push("("+t.escapeRegExp()+")");}if(_1c.length==0){return null;}var _1e=_1c.join("|");return new RegExp(_1e,this.caseSensitive?"mg":"img");};me.toString=function(){if(this.regExp){return this.regExp.toString();}var _1f="";for(var i=0;i<this.terms.length;i++){_1f+=this.terms[i].toString();}return _1f;};STQ.Term=function(_21,_22,_23,_24,_25,_26,_27,_28){this.text=_21;this.inTitle=_22;this.inText=_23;this.inTag=_24;this.negate=_25;this.orFollows=_26;this.caseSensitive=_27;this.wordMatch=_28;var _29=_21.escapeRegExp();if(this.wordMatch){_29="\\b"+_29+"\\b";}this.regExp=new RegExp(_29,"m"+(_27?"":"i"));};STQ.Term.prototype.toString=function(){return (this.negate?"-":"")+(this.inTitle?"!":"")+(this.inText?"%":"")+(this.inTag?"#":"")+(this.wordMatch?"=":"")+"\""+this.text+"\""+(this.orFollows?" OR ":" AND ");};STQ.Term.prototype.matchesTiddler=function(_2a){if(!_2a){return false;}if(this.inTitle&&this.regExp.test(_2a.title)){return !this.negate;}if(this.inText&&this.regExp.test(_2a.text)){return !this.negate;}if(this.inTag){var _2b=_2a.tags;if(_2b){for(var i=0;i<_2b.length;i++){if(this.regExp.test(_2b[i])){return !this.negate;}}}}return this.negate;};var stringToInt=function(s,_2e){if(!s){return _2e;}var n=parseInt(s);return (n==NaN)?_2e:n;};var getIntAttribute=function(_30,_31,_32){return stringToInt(_30.getAttribute(_31));};var isDescendantOrSelf=function(_33,e){while(e!=null){if(_33==e){return true;}e=e.parentNode;}return false;};var getMatchCount=function(s,re){var m=s.match(re);return m?m.length:0;};var createEllipsis=function(_38){var e=createTiddlyElement(_38,"span");e.innerHTML="…";};var isWordChar=function(c){return (c>="a"&&c<="z")||(c>="A"&&c<="Z")||c=="_";};var getWordBounds=function(s,_3c){if(!isWordChar(s[_3c])){return null;}for(var i=_3c-1;i>=0&&isWordChar(s[i]);i--){}var _3e=i+1;var n=s.length;for(i=_3c+1;i<n&&isWordChar(s[i]);i++){}return {start:_3e,end:i};};var removeTextDecoration=function(s){var _41=["''","{{{","}}}","//","<<<","/***","***/"];var _42="";for(var i=0;i<_41.length;i++){if(i!=0){_42+="|";}_42+="("+_41[i].escapeRegExp()+")";}return s.replace(new RegExp(_42,"mg"),"").trim();};var logText="";var lastLogTime=null;var logMessage=function(_44,s){var now=new Date();var _47=lastLogTime?(now-lastLogTime).toString():"";logText+="<tr><td>"+now.convertToYYYYMMDDHHMMSSMMM()+"</td><td align='right'>"+_47+"</td><td>"+_44+"</td><td>"+s.htmlEncode()+"</td></tr>\n";lastLogTime=now;};function writeLog(){var t=" <<JsDoIt 'WriteLog' 'WriteLog' 'javascript:writeLog();story.closeTiddler(\"Log\");story.displayTiddler(null,\"Log\");'>>"+"<html><table><tbody><tr><th>Time</th><th>Delta (ms)</th><th>Kind</th><th>Message</th></tr>\n"+logText+"</tbody></table></html>";store.saveTiddler("Log","Log",t,config.options.txtUserName,new Date(),["System","Log"]);logText="";lastLogTime=null;}var yourSearchResultID="yourSearchResult";var yourSearchResultItemsID="yourSearchResultItems";var maxCharsInTitle=80;var maxCharsInTags=50;var maxCharsInText=250;var maxPagesInNaviBar=10;var itemsPerPageDefault=25;var itemsPerPageWithPreviewDefault=10;var minMatchWithContextSize=40;var maxMovementForWordCorrection=4;var matchInTitleWeight=4;var precisionInTitleWeight=10;var matchInTagsWeight=2;var resultElement;var lastResults;var lastQuery;var lastSearchText;var searchInputField;var searchButton;var firstIndexOnPage=0;var currentTiddler;var indexInPage;var indexInResult;var getItemsPerPage=function(){var n=(config.options.chkPreviewText)?stringToInt(config.options.txtItemsPerPageWithPreview,itemsPerPageWithPreviewDefault):stringToInt(config.options.txtItemsPerPage,itemsPerPageDefault);return (n>0)?n:1;};var standardRankFunction=function(_4a,_4b){var _4c=_4b.getMarkRegExp();if(!_4c){return 1;}var _4d=_4a.title.match(_4c);var _4e=_4d?_4d.length:0;var _4f=getMatchCount(_4a.getTags(),_4c);var _50=_4d?_4d.join("").length:0;var _51=_4a.title.length>0?_50/_4a.title.length:0;var _52=_4e*matchInTitleWeight+_4f*matchInTagsWeight+_51*precisionInTitleWeight+1;return _52;};var findMatches=function(_53,_54,_55,_56,_57,_58){lastSearchText=_54;var _59=_53.reverseLookup("tags",_58,false);var _5a=new STQ(_54,_55,false,_56);lastQuery=_5a;var _5b=_5a.getMatchingTiddlers(_59);var _5c=abego.YourSearch.getRankFunction();for(var i=0;i<_5b.length;i++){var _5e=_5b[i];var _5f=_5c(_5e,_5a);_5e.searchRank=_5f;}if(!_57){_57="title";}var _60=function(a,b){var _63=a.searchRank-b.searchRank;if(_63==0){if(a[_57]==b[_57]){return (0);}else{return (a[_57]<b[_57])?-1:+1;}}else{return (_63>0)?-1:+1;}};_5b.sort(_60);lastResults=_5b;return _5b;};var moveToWordBorder=function(s,_65,_66){var _67;if(_66){_67=getWordBounds(s,_65);}else{if(_65<=0){return _65;}_67=getWordBounds(s,_65-1);}if(!_67){return _65;}if(_66){if(_67.start>=_65-maxMovementForWordCorrection){return _67.start;}if(_67.end<=_65+maxMovementForWordCorrection){return _67.end;}}else{if(_67.end<=_65+maxMovementForWordCorrection){return _67.end;}if(_67.start>=_65-maxMovementForWordCorrection){return _67.start;}}return _65;};var getContextRangeAround=function(s,_69,_6a,_6b,_6c){var _6d=Math.max(Math.floor(_6c/(_6b+1)),minMatchWithContextSize);var _6e=Math.max(_6d-(_6a-_69),0);var _6f=Math.min(Math.floor(_6a+_6e/3),s.length);var _70=Math.max(_6f-_6d,0);_70=moveToWordBorder(s,_70,true);_6f=moveToWordBorder(s,_6f,false);return {start:_70,end:_6f};};var getTextAndMatchArray=function(s,_72){var _73=[];if(_72){var _74=0;var n=s.length;var _76=0;do{_72.lastIndex=_74;var _77=_72.exec(s);if(_77){if(_74<_77.index){var t=s.substring(_74,_77.index);_73.push({text:t});}_73.push({text:_77[0],isMatch:true});_74=_77.index+_77[0].length;}else{_73.push({text:s.substr(_74)});break;}}while(true);}else{_73.push({text:s});}return _73;};var simpleCreateLimitedTextWithMarks=function(_79,s,_7b){if(!lastQuery){return;}var _7c=getTextAndMatchArray(s,lastQuery.getMarkRegExp());var _7d=0;for(var i=0;i<_7c.length&&_7d<_7b;i++){var t=_7c[i];var _80=t.text;if(t.isMatch){createTiddlyElement(_79,"span",null,"marked",_80);}else{var _81=_7b-_7d;if(_81<_80.length){_80=_80.substring(0,_81)+"...";}createTiddlyText(_79,_80);}_7d+=_80.length;}};var addRange=function(_82,_83,_84){var n=_82.length;if(n==0){_82.push({start:_83,end:_84});return;}var i=0;for(;i<n;i++){var _87=_82[i];if(_87.start<=_84&&_83<=_87.end){var r;var _89=i+1;for(;_89<n;_89++){r=_82[_89];if(r.start>_84||_83>_87.end){break;}}var _8a=_83;var _8b=_84;for(var j=i;j<_89;j++){r=_82[j];_8a=Math.min(_8a,r.start);_8b=Math.max(_8b,r.end);}_82.splice(i,_89-i,{start:_8a,end:_8b});return;}if(_87.start>_84){break;}}_82.splice(i,0,{start:_83,end:_84});};var getTotalRangesSize=function(_8d){var _8e=0;for(var i=0;i<_8d.length;i++){var _90=_8d[i];_8e+=_90.end-_90.start;}return _8e;};var writeTextAndMatchRange=function(_91,s,_93,_94,_95){var t;var _97;var pos=0;var i=0;var _9a=0;for(;i<_93.length;i++){t=_93[i];_97=t.text;if(_94<pos+_97.length){_9a=_94-pos;break;}pos+=_97.length;}var _9b=_95-_94;for(;i<_93.length&&_9b>0;i++){t=_93[i];_97=t.text.substr(_9a);_9a=0;if(_97.length>_9b){_97=_97.substr(0,_9b);}if(t.isMatch){createTiddlyElement(_91,"span",null,"marked",_97);}else{createTiddlyText(_91,_97);}_9b-=_97.length;}if(_95<s.length){createEllipsis(_91);}};var getMatchedTextCount=function(_9c){var _9d=0;for(var i=0;i<_9c.length;i++){if(_9c[i].isMatch){_9d++;}}return _9d;};var getMatchedTextWithContextRanges=function(_9f,s,_a1){var _a2=[];var _a3=getMatchedTextCount(_9f);var pos=0;for(var i=0;i<_9f.length;i++){var t=_9f[i];var _a7=t.text;if(t.isMatch){var _a8=getContextRangeAround(s,pos,pos+_a7.length,_a3,_a1);addRange(_a2,_a8.start,_a8.end);}pos+=_a7.length;}return _a2;};var fillUpRanges=function(s,_aa,_ab){var _ac=_ab-getTotalRangesSize(_aa);while(_ac>0){if(_aa.length==0){addRange(_aa,0,moveToWordBorder(s,_ab,false));return;}else{var _ad=_aa[0];var _ae;var _af;if(_ad.start==0){_ae=_ad.end;if(_aa.length>1){_af=_aa[1].start;}else{addRange(_aa,_ae,moveToWordBorder(s,_ae+_ac,false));return;}}else{_ae=0;_af=_ad.start;}var _b0=Math.min(_af,_ae+_ac);addRange(_aa,_ae,_b0);_ac-=(_b0-_ae);}}};var writeRanges=function(_b1,s,_b3,_b4,_b5){if(_b4.length==0){return;}if(_b4[0].start>0){createEllipsis(_b1);}var _b6=_b5;for(var i=0;i<_b4.length&&_b6>0;i++){var _b8=_b4[i];var len=Math.min(_b8.end-_b8.start,_b6);writeTextAndMatchRange(_b1,s,_b3,_b8.start,_b8.start+len);_b6-=len;}};var createLimitedTextWithMarksAndContext=function(_ba,s,_bc){if(!lastQuery){return;}if(s.length<_bc){_bc=s.length;}var _bd=getTextAndMatchArray(s,lastQuery.getMarkRegExp());var _be=getMatchedTextWithContextRanges(_bd,s,_bc);fillUpRanges(s,_be,_bc);writeRanges(_ba,s,_bd,_be,_bc);};var createLimitedTextWithMarks=function(_bf,s,_c1){return createLimitedTextWithMarksAndContext(_bf,s,_c1);};var myStorySearch=function(_c2,_c3,_c4){highlightHack=new RegExp(_c4?_c2:_c2.escapeRegExp(),_c3?"mg":"img");var _c5=findMatches(store,_c2,_c3,_c4,"title","excludeSearch");firstIndexOnPage=0;showResult();highlightHack=null;};var myMacroSearchHandler=function(_c6,_c7,_c8){var _c9="";var _ca=null;var _cb=function(txt){if(config.options.chkUseYourSearch){myStorySearch(txt.value,config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch,config.options.chkRegExpSearch);}else{story.search(txt.value,config.options.chkCaseSensitiveSearch,config.options.chkRegExpSearch);}_c9=txt.value;};var _cd=function(e){_cb(searchInputField);return false;};var _cf=function(e){if(!e){var e=window.event;}switch(e.keyCode){case 13:_cb(this);break;case 27:if(isResultOpen()){closeResult();}else{this.value="";clearMessage();}break;}if(String.fromCharCode(e.keyCode)==this.accessKey||e.altKey){reopenResultIfApplicable();}if(this.value.length<3&&_ca){clearTimeout(_ca);}if((this.value.length>2)&&(this.value!=_c9)){if(!config.options.chkUseYourSearch||config.options.chkSearchAsYouType){if(_ca){clearTimeout(_ca);}var txt=this;_ca=setTimeout(function(){_cb(txt);},500);}}if(this.value.length==0){closeResult();}};var _d3=function(e){this.select();reopenResultIfApplicable();};var btn=createTiddlyButton(_c6,this.label,this.prompt,_cd);var txt=createTiddlyElement(_c6,"input",null,null,null);if(_c8[0]){txt.value=_c8[0];}txt.onkeyup=_cf;txt.onfocus=_d3;txt.setAttribute("size",this.sizeTextbox);txt.setAttribute("accessKey",this.accessKey);txt.setAttribute("autocomplete","off");if(config.browser.isSafari){txt.setAttribute("type","search");txt.setAttribute("results","5");}else{txt.setAttribute("type","text");}searchInputField=txt;searchButton=btn;};var isResultOpen=function(){return resultElement!=null&&resultElement.parentNode==document.body;};var closeResult=function(){if(isResultOpen()){document.body.removeChild(resultElement);}};var openAllFoundTiddlers=function(){closeResult();if(lastResults){var _d7=[];for(var i=0;i<lastResults.length;i++){_d7.push(lastResults[i].title);}story.displayTiddlers(null,_d7);}};var refreshResult=function(){if(!resultElement||!searchInputField){return;}var _d9=store.getTiddlerText("YourSearchResultTemplate");if(!_d9){_d9="<b>Tiddler YourSearchResultTemplate not found</b>";}resultElement.innerHTML=_d9;firstIndexOnPage=Math.floor(firstIndexOnPage/getItemsPerPage())*getItemsPerPage();applyHtmlMacros(resultElement,null);refreshElements(resultElement,null);if(lastResults&&lastResults.length>0){var _da=store.getTiddlerText("YourSearchItemTemplate");if(!_da){alertAndThrow("YourSearchItemTemplate not found");}var _db=document.getElementById(yourSearchResultItemsID);if(!_db){_db=createTiddlyElement(resultElement,"div",yourSearchResultItemsID);}var _dc=Math.min(firstIndexOnPage+getItemsPerPage(),lastResults.length);indexInPage=-1;for(var i=firstIndexOnPage;i<_dc;i++){currentTiddler=lastResults[i];indexInPage++;indexInResult=i;var _de=createTiddlyElement(_db,"div",null,"yourSearchItem");_de.innerHTML=_da;applyHtmlMacros(_de,null);refreshElements(_de,null);}}currentTiddler=null;ensureResultIsDisplayedNicely();};var ensureResultIsDisplayedNicely=function(){adjustResultPositionAndSize();scrollVisible();};var scrollVisible=function(){if(resultElement){window.scrollTo(0,ensureVisible(resultElement));}if(searchInputField){window.scrollTo(0,ensureVisible(searchInputField));}};var adjustResultPositionAndSize=function(){if(!searchInputField){return;}var _df=searchInputField;var _e0=findPosX(_df);var _e1=findPosY(_df);var _e2=_df.offsetHeight;var _e3=_e0;var _e4=_e1+_e2;var _e5=findWindowWidth();if(_e5<resultElement.offsetWidth){resultElement.style.width=(_e5-100)+"px";_e5=findWindowWidth();}var _e6=resultElement.offsetWidth;if(_e3+_e6>_e5){_e3=_e5-_e6-30;}if(_e3<0){_e3=0;}resultElement.style.left=_e3+"px";resultElement.style.top=_e4+"px";resultElement.style.display="block";};var showResult=function(){if(!resultElement){resultElement=createTiddlyElement(document.body,"div",yourSearchResultID,"yourSearchResult");}else{if(resultElement.parentNode!=document.body){document.body.appendChild(resultElement);}}refreshResult();};var reopenResultIfApplicable=function(){if(searchInputField==null||!config.options.chkUseYourSearch){return;}if((searchInputField.value==lastSearchText)&&lastSearchText&&!isResultOpen()){if(resultElement&&(resultElement.parentNode!=document.body)){document.body.appendChild(resultElement);ensureResultIsDisplayedNicely();}else{showResult();}}};var setFirstIndexOnPage=function(_e7){if(!lastResults||lastResults.length==0){return;}firstIndexOnPage=Math.min(Math.max(0,_e7),lastResults.length-1);refreshResult();};var onDocumentClick=function(e){if(e.target==searchInputField){return;}if(e.target==searchButton){return;}if(resultElement&&isDescendantOrSelf(resultElement,e.target)){return;}closeResult();};var onDocumentKeyup=function(e){if(e.keyCode==27){closeResult();}};addEvent(document,"click",onDocumentClick);addEvent(document,"keyup",onDocumentKeyup);config.macros.yourSearch={label:"yourSearch",prompt:"Gives access to the current/last YourSearch result",funcs:{},tests:{"true":function(){return true;},"false":function(){return false;},"found":function(){return lastResults&&lastResults.length>0;},"previewText":function(){return config.options.chkPreviewText;}}};config.macros.yourSearch.handler=function(_ea,_eb,_ec,_ed,_ee,_ef){if(_ec.length==0){return;}var _f0=_ec[0];var _f1=config.macros.yourSearch.funcs[_f0];if(_f1){_f1(_ea,_eb,_ec,_ed,_ee,_ef);}};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.itemRange=function(_f2){if(lastResults){var _f3=Math.min(firstIndexOnPage+getItemsPerPage(),lastResults.length);var s="%0 - %1".format([firstIndexOnPage+1,_f3]);createTiddlyText(_f2,s);}};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.count=function(_f5){if(lastSearchText){createTiddlyText(_f5,lastResults.length.toString());}};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.query=function(_f6){if(lastResults){createTiddlyText(_f6,lastSearchText);}};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.version=function(_f7){var t="YourSearch %0.%1.%2".format([version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.major,version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.minor,version.extensions.YourSearchPlugin.revision]);var e=createTiddlyElement(_f7,"a");e.setAttribute("href","http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de/#YourSearchPlugin");e.innerHTML="<font color=\"black\" face=\"Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\">"+t+"<font>";};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.copyright=function(_fa){var e=createTiddlyElement(_fa,"a");e.setAttribute("href","http://tiddlywiki.abego-software.de");e.innerHTML="<font color=\"black\" face=\"Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif\">© 2005-2006 <b><font color=\"red\">abego</font></b> Software<font>";};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.linkButton=function(_fc,_fd,_fe,_ff,_100,_101){if(_fe<2){return;}var _102=_fe[1];var text=_fe<3?_102:_fe[2];var _104=_fe<4?text:_fe[3];var _105=_fe<5?null:_fe[4];var btn=createTiddlyButton(_fc,text,_104,closeResultAndDisplayTiddler,null,null,_105);btn.setAttribute("tiddlyLink",_102);};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.closeButton=function(_107,_108,_109,_10a,_10b,_10c){var _10d=createTiddlyButton(_107,"close","Close the Search Results (Shortcut: ESC)",closeResult);};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.openAllButton=function(_10e,_10f,_110,_111,_112,_113){if(!lastResults){return;}var n=lastResults.length;if(n==0){return;}var _115=n==1?"open tiddler":"open all %0 tiddlers".format([n]);var _116=createTiddlyButton(_10e,_115,"Open all found tiddlers (Shortcut: Alt-O)",openAllFoundTiddlers);_116.setAttribute("accessKey","O");};var onNaviButtonClick=function(e){if(!e){var e=window.event;}var _119=getIntAttribute(this,"page");setFirstIndexOnPage(_119*getItemsPerPage(),0);};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.naviBar=function(_11a,_11b,_11c,_11d,_11e,_11f){if(!lastResults||lastResults.length==0){return;}var _120;var _121=Math.floor(firstIndexOnPage/getItemsPerPage());var _122=Math.floor((lastResults.length-1)/getItemsPerPage());if(_121>0){_120=createTiddlyButton(_11a,"Previous","Go to previous page (Shortcut: Alt-'<')",onNaviButtonClick,"prev");_120.setAttribute("page",(_121-1).toString());_120.setAttribute("accessKey","<");}for(var i=-maxPagesInNaviBar;i<maxPagesInNaviBar;i++){var _124=_121+i;if(_124<0){continue;}if(_124>_122){break;}var _125=(i+_121+1).toString();var _126=_124==_121?"currentPage":"otherPage";_120=createTiddlyButton(_11a,_125,"Go to page %0".format([_125]),onNaviButtonClick,_126);_120.setAttribute("page",(_124).toString());}if(_121<_122){_120=createTiddlyButton(_11a,"Next","Go to next page (Shortcut: Alt-'>')",onNaviButtonClick,"next");_120.setAttribute("page",(_121+1).toString());_120.setAttribute("accessKey",">");}};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs["if"]=function(_127,_128,_129,_12a,_12b,_12c){if(_129.length<2){return;}var _12d=_129[1];var _12e=(_12d=="not");if(_12e){if(_129.length<3){return;}_12d=_129[2];}var test=config.macros.yourSearch.tests[_12d];var _130=false;try{if(test){_130=test(_127,_128,_129,_12a,_12b,_12c)!=_12e;}else{_130=(!eval(_12d))==_12e;}}catch(ex){}if(!_130){_127.style.display="none";}};var createOptionWithRefresh=function(_131,_132,_133,_134){invokeMacro(_131,"option",_132,_133,_134);var elem=_131.lastChild;var _136=elem.onclick;elem.onclick=function(e){var _138=_136.apply(this,arguments);refreshResult();return _138;};return elem;};config.macros.yourSearch.funcs.chkPreviewText=function(_139,_13a,_13b,_13c,_13d,_13e){var _13f=_13b.slice(1).join(" ");var elem=createOptionWithRefresh(_139,"chkPreviewText",_13c,_13e);elem.setAttribute("accessKey","P");elem.title="Show text preview of found tiddlers (Shortcut: Alt-P)";return elem;};config.macros.foundTiddler={label:"foundTiddler",prompt:"Provides information on the tiddler currently processed on the YourSearch result page",funcs:{}};config.macros.foundTiddler.handler=function(_141,_142,_143,_144,_145,_146){if(!currentTiddler){return;}var name=_143[0];var func=config.macros.foundTiddler.funcs[name];if(func){func(_141,_142,_143,_144,_145,_146);}};var closeResultAndDisplayTiddler=function(e){closeResult();var _14a=this.getAttribute("tiddlyLink");if(_14a){var _14b=this.getAttribute("withHilite");var _14c=highlightHack;if(_14b&&_14b=="true"&&lastQuery){highlightHack=lastQuery.getMarkRegExp();}story.displayTiddler(this,_14a);highlightHack=_14c;}return (false);};var getShortCutNumber=function(){if(!currentTiddler){return -1;}if(indexInPage>=0&&indexInPage<=9){return indexInPage<9?(indexInPage+1):0;}else{return -1;}};config.macros.foundTiddler.funcs.title=function(_14d,_14e,_14f,_150,_151,_152){if(!currentTiddler){return;}var _153=getShortCutNumber();var _154=_153>=0?"Open tiddler (Shortcut: Alt-%0)".format([_153.toString()]):"Open tiddler";var btn=createTiddlyButton(_14d,null,_154,closeResultAndDisplayTiddler,null);btn.setAttribute("tiddlyLink",currentTiddler.title);btn.setAttribute("withHilite","true");createLimitedTextWithMarks(btn,currentTiddler.title,maxCharsInTitle);if(_153>=0){btn.setAttribute("accessKey",_153.toString());}};config.macros.foundTiddler.funcs.tags=function(_156,_157,_158,_159,_15a,_15b){if(!currentTiddler){return;}createLimitedTextWithMarks(_156,currentTiddler.getTags(),maxCharsInTags);};config.macros.foundTiddler.funcs.text=function(_15c,_15d,_15e,_15f,_160,_161){if(!currentTiddler){return;}createLimitedTextWithMarks(_15c,removeTextDecoration(currentTiddler.text),maxCharsInText);};config.macros.foundTiddler.funcs.number=function(_162,_163,_164,_165,_166,_167){var _168=getShortCutNumber();if(_168>=0){var text="%0)".format([_168.toString()]);createTiddlyElement(_162,"span",null,"shortcutNumber",text);}};function scrollToAnchor(name){return false;}if(config.options.chkUseYourSearch==undefined){config.options.chkUseYourSearch=true;}if(config.options.chkPreviewText==undefined){config.options.chkPreviewText=true;}if(config.options.chkSearchAsYouType==undefined){config.options.chkSearchAsYouType=true;}if(config.options.chkSearchInTitle==undefined){config.options.chkSearchInTitle=true;}if(config.options.chkSearchInText==undefined){config.options.chkSearchInText=true;}if(config.options.chkSearchInTags==undefined){config.options.chkSearchInTags=true;}if(config.options.txtItemsPerPage==undefined){config.options.txtItemsPerPage=itemsPerPageDefault;}if(config.options.txtItemsPerPageWithPreview==undefined){config.options.txtItemsPerPageWithPreview=itemsPerPageWithPreviewDefault;}config.shadowTiddlers.AdvancedOptions+="\n<<option chkUseYourSearch>> Use 'Your Search' //([[more options|YourSearch Options]])//";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Introduction"]="!About YourSearch\n"+"\n"+"YourSearch gives you a bunch of new features to simplify and speed up your daily searches in TiddlyWiki. It seamlessly integrates into the standard TiddlyWiki search: just start typing into the 'search' field and explore!\n"+"\n"+"''May the '~Alt-F' be with you.''\n"+"\n"+"\n"+"!Features\n"+"* YourSearch searches for tiddlers that match your query ''as you type'' into the 'search' field. It presents a list of the ''\"Top Ten\"'' tiddlers in a ''popup-like window'': the ''[[YourSearch Result]]''. The tiddlers currently displayed in your TiddlyWiki are not affected.\n"+"* Using ''~TiddlerRank technology'' the [[YourSearch Result]] lists the ''most interesting tiddlers first''.\n"+"* Through ''Filtered Search'' and ''Boolean Search'' you can easily refining your search, like excluding words or searching for multiple words. This way less tiddlers are displayed in the [[YourSearch Result]] and you can faster scan the result for the tiddler you are looking for.\n"+"* The [[YourSearch Result]] lists the found tiddlers ''page-wise'', e.g. 10 per page. Use the ''Result Page Navigation Bar'' to navigate between pages if the result does not fit on one page.\n"+"* The [[YourSearch Result]] states the ''total number of found tiddlers''. This way you can quickly decide if you want to browse the result list or if you want to refine your search first to shorten the result list.\n"+"* Beside the ''title of the found tiddlers'' the [[YourSearch Result]] also ''displays tags'' and ''tiddler text previews''. The ''tiddler text preview'' is an extract of the tiddler's content, showing the most interesting parts related to your query (e.g. the texts around the words you are looking for).\n"+"* The words you are looking for are hilited in the titles, tags and text previews of the [[YourSearch Result]].\n"+"* If you are not interested in the tiddler text previews but prefer to get longer lists of tiddlers on one result page you may ''switch of the text preview''.\n"+"* If the [[YourSearch Result]] contains the tiddler you are looking for you can just ''click its title to display'' it in your TiddlyWiki. Alternatively you may also ''open all found tiddlers'' at once. \n"+"* Use [[YourSearch Options]] to customize YourSearch to your needs. E.g. depending on the size of your screen you may change the number of tiddlers displayed in the [[YourSearch Result]]. In the [[YourSearch Options]] and the AdvancedOptions you may also switch off YourSearch in case you temporarily want to use the standard search.\n"+"* For the most frequently actions ''access keys'' are defined so you can perform your search without using the mouse.\n"+"\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Help"]="<<tiddler [[YourSearch Introduction]]>>"+"\n"+"!Filtered Search<html><a name='Filtered'/></html>\n"+"Using the Filtered Search you can restrict your search to certain parts of a tiddler, e.g only search the tags or only the titles.\n"+"|!What you want|!What you type|!Example|\n"+"|Search ''titles only''|start word with ''!''|{{{!jonny}}}|\n"+"|Search ''contents only''|start word with ''%''|{{{%football}}}|\n"+"|Search ''tags only''|start word with ''#''|{{{#Plugin}}}|\n"+"\n"+"You may use more than one filter for a word. E.g. {{{!#Plugin}}} finds tiddlers containing \"Plugin\" either in the title or in the tags (but does not look for \"Plugin\" in the content).\n"+"\n"+"!Boolean Search<html><a name='Boolean'/></html>\n"+"The Boolean Search is useful when searching for multiple words.\n"+"|!What you want|!What you type|!Example|\n"+"|''All words'' must exist|List of words|{{{jonny jeremy}}}|\n"+"|''At least one word'' must exist|Separate words by ''or''|{{{jonny or jeremy}}}|\n"+"|A word ''must not exist''|Start word with ''-''|{{{-jonny}}}|\n"+"\n"+"''Note:'' When you specify two words, separated with a space, YourSearch finds all tiddlers that contain both words, but not necessarily next to each other. If you want to find a sequence of word, e.g. '{{{John Brown}}}', you need to put the words into quotes. I.e. you type: {{{\"john brown\"}}}.\n"+"\n"+"!'Exact Word' Search<html><a name='Exact'/></html>\n"+"By default a search result all matches that 'contain' the searched text. \n"+" E.g. if you search for 'Task' you will get all tiddlers containing 'Task', but also 'CompletedTask', 'TaskForce' etc.\n"+"\n"+"If you only want to get the tiddlers that contain 'exactly the word' you need to prefix it with a '='. E.g. typing '=Task' will the tiddlers that contain the word 'Task', ignoring words that just contain 'Task' as a substring.\n"+"\n"+"!Combined Search<html><a name='Combined'/></html>\n"+"You are free to combine the various search options.\n"+"\n"+"''Examples''\n"+"|!What you type|!Result|\n"+"|{{{!jonny !jeremy -%football}}}| all tiddlers with both {{{jonny}}} and {{{jeremy}}} in its titles, but no {{{football}}} in content.|\n"+"|{{{#=Task}}}|All tiddlers tagged with 'Task' (the exact word). Tags named 'CompletedTask', 'TaskForce' etc. are not considered.|\n"+"\n"+"!~CaseSensitiveSearch and ~RegExpSearch<html><a name='Case'/></html>\n"+"The standard search options ~CaseSensitiveSearch and ~RegExpSearch are fully supported by YourSearch. However when ''~RegExpSearch'' is on Filtered and Boolean Search are disabled.\n"+"\n"+"!Access Keys<html><a name='Access'/></html>\n"+"You are encouraged to use the access keys (also called \"shortcut\" keys) for the most frequently used operations. For quick reference these shortcuts are also mentioned in the tooltip for the various buttons etc.\n"+"\n"+"|!Key|!Operation|\n"+"|{{{Alt-F}}}|''The most important keystroke'': It moves the cursor to the search input field so you can directly start typing your query. Pressing {{{Alt-F}}} will also display the previous search result. This way you can quickly display multiple tiddlers using \"Press {{{Alt-F}}}. Select tiddler.\" sequences.|\n"+"|{{{ESC}}}|Closes the [[YourSearch Result]]. When the [[YourSearch Result]] is already closed and the cursor is in the search input field the field's content is cleared so you start a new query.|\n"+"|{{{Alt-1}}}, {{{Alt-2}}},... |Pressing these keys opens the first, second etc. tiddler from the result list.|\n"+"|{{{Alt-O}}}|Opens all found tiddlers.|\n"+"|{{{Alt-P}}}|Toggles the 'Preview Text' mode.|\n"+"|{{{Alt-'<'}}}, {{{Alt-'>'}}}|Displays the previous or next page in the [[YourSearch Result]].|\n"+"|{{{Return}}}|When you have turned off the 'as you type' search mode pressing the {{{Return}}} key actually starts the search (as does pressing the 'search' button).|\n"+"\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Options"]="|>|!YourSearch Options|\n"+"|>|<<option chkUseYourSearch>> Use 'Your Search'|\n"+"|!|<<option chkPreviewText>> Show Text Preview|\n"+"|!|<<option chkSearchAsYouType>> 'Search As You Type' Mode (No RETURN required to start search)|\n"+"|!|Default Search Filter:<<option chkSearchInTitle>>Titles ('!') <<option chkSearchInText>>Texts ('%') <<option chkSearchInTags>>Tags ('#') <html><br><font size=\"-2\">The parts of a tiddlers that are searched when you don't explicitly specify a filter in the search text (using a '!', '%' or '#' prefix).</font></html>|\n"+"|!|Number of items on search result page: <<option txtItemsPerPage>>|\n"+"|!|Number of items on search result page with preview text: <<option txtItemsPerPageWithPreview>>|\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearchStyleSheet"]="/***\n"+"!~YourSearchResult Stylesheet\n"+"***/\n"+"/*{{{*/\n"+".yourSearchResult {\n"+"\tposition: absolute;\n"+"\twidth: 800px;\n"+"\n"+"\tpadding: 0.2em;\n"+"\tlist-style: none;\n"+"\tmargin: 0;\n"+"\n"+"\tbackground: White;\n"+"\tborder: 1px solid DarkGray;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+"/*}}}*/\n"+"/***\n"+"!!Summary Section\n"+"***/\n"+"/*{{{*/\n"+".yourSearchResult .summary {\n"+"\tborder-bottom-width: thin;\n"+"\tborder-bottom-style: solid;\n"+"\tborder-bottom-color: #999999;\n"+"\tpadding-bottom: 4px;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchRange, .yourSearchCount, .yourSearchQuery {\n"+"\tfont-weight: bold;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchResult .summary .button {\n"+"\tfont-size: 10px;\n"+"\n"+"\tpadding-left: 0.3em;\n"+"\tpadding-right: 0.3em;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchResult .summary .chkBoxLabel {\n"+"\tfont-size: 10px;\n"+"\n"+"\tpadding-right: 0.3em;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+"/*}}}*/\n"+"/***\n"+"!!Items Area\n"+"***/\n"+"/*{{{*/\n"+".yourSearchResult .marked {\n"+"\tbackground: none;\n"+"\tfont-weight: bold;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchItem {\n"+"\tmargin-top: 2px;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchNumber {\n"+"\tcolor: #808080;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchTags {\n"+"\tcolor: #008000;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchText {\n"+"\tcolor: #808080;\n"+"\tmargin-bottom: 6px;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+"/*}}}*/\n"+"/***\n"+"!!Footer\n"+"***/\n"+"/*{{{*/\n"+".yourSearchFooter {\n"+"\tmargin-top: 8px;\n"+"\tborder-top-width: thin;\n"+"\tborder-top-style: solid;\n"+"\tborder-top-color: #999999;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchFooter a:hover{\n"+"\tbackground: none;\n"+"\tcolor: none;\n"+"}\n"+"/*}}}*/\n"+"/***\n"+"!!Navigation Bar\n"+"***/\n"+"/*{{{*/\n"+".yourSearchNaviBar a {\n"+"\tfont-size: 16px;\n"+"\tmargin-left: 4px;\n"+"\tmargin-right: 4px;\n"+"\tcolor: black;\n"+"\ttext-decoration: underline;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchNaviBar a:hover {\n"+"\tbackground-color: none;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchNaviBar .prev {\n"+"\tfont-weight: bold;\n"+"\tcolor: blue;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchNaviBar .currentPage {\n"+"\tcolor: #FF0000;\n"+"\tfont-weight: bold;\n"+"\ttext-decoration: none;\n"+"}\n"+"\n"+".yourSearchNaviBar .next {\n"+"\tfont-weight: bold;\n"+"\tcolor: blue;\n"+"}\n"+"/*}}}*/\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearchResultTemplate"]="<!--\n"+"{{{\n"+"-->\n"+"<span macro=\"yourSearch if found\">\n"+"<!-- The Summary Header ============================================ -->\n"+"<table class=\"summary\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody>\n"+" <tr>\n"+"\t<td align=\"left\">\n"+"\t\tYourSearch Result <span class=\"yourSearchRange\" macro=\"yourSearch itemRange\"></span>\n"+"\t\t of <span class=\"yourSearchCount\" macro=\"yourSearch count\"></span>\n"+"\t\tfor <span class=\"yourSearchQuery\" macro=\"yourSearch query\"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+"\t<td class=\"yourSearchButtons\" align=\"right\">\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch chkPreviewText\"></span><span class=\"chkBoxLabel\">preview text</span>\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch openAllButton\"></span>\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkButton 'YourSearch Options' options 'Configure YourSearch'\"></span>\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkButton 'YourSearch Help' help 'Get help how to use YourSearch'\"></span>\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch closeButton\"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+" </tr>\n"+"</tbody></table>\n"+"\n"+"<!-- The List of Found Tiddlers ============================================ -->\n"+"<div id=\"yourSearchResultItems\" itemsPerPage=\"25\" itemsPerPageWithPreview=\"10\"></div>\n"+"\n"+"<!-- The Footer (with the Navigation) ============================================ -->\n"+"<table class=\"yourSearchFooter\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody>\n"+" <tr>\n"+"\t<td align=\"left\">\n"+"\t\tResult page: <span class=\"yourSearchNaviBar\" macro=\"yourSearch naviBar\"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+"\t<td align=\"right\"><span macro=\"yourSearch version\"></span>, <span macro=\"yourSearch copyright\"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+" </tr>\n"+"</tbody></table>\n"+"<!-- end of the 'tiddlers found' case =========================================== -->\n"+"</span>\n"+"\n"+"\n"+"<!-- The \"No tiddlers found\" case =========================================== -->\n"+"<span macro=\"yourSearch if not found\">\n"+"<table class=\"summary\" border=\"0\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"0\"><tbody>\n"+" <tr>\n"+"\t<td align=\"left\">\n"+"\t\tYourSearch Result: No tiddlers found for <span class=\"yourSearchQuery\" macro=\"yourSearch query\"></span>.\n"+"\t</td>\n"+"\t<td class=\"yourSearchButtons\" align=\"right\">\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkButton 'YourSearch Options' options 'Configure YourSearch'\"></span>\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch linkButton 'YourSearch Help' help 'Get help how to use YourSearch'\"></span>\n"+"\t\t<span macro=\"yourSearch closeButton\"></span>\n"+"\t</td>\n"+" </tr>\n"+"</tbody></table>\n"+"</span>\n"+"\n"+"\n"+"<!--\n"+"}}}\n"+"-->\n";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearchItemTemplate"]="<!--\n"+"{{{\n"+"-->\n"+"<span class='yourSearchNumber' macro='foundTiddler number'></span>\n"+"<span class='yourSearchTitle' macro='foundTiddler title'/></span> - \n"+"<span class='yourSearchTags' macro='foundTiddler tags'/></span>\n"+"<span macro=\"yourSearch if previewText\"><div class='yourSearchText' macro='foundTiddler text'/></div></span>\n"+"<!--\n"+"}}}\n"+"-->";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch"]="<<tiddler [[YourSearch Help]]>>";config.shadowTiddlers["YourSearch Result"]="The popup-like window displaying the result of a YourSearch query.";setStylesheet(store.getTiddlerText("YourSearchStyleSheet"),"yourSearch");var origMacros_search_handler=config.macros.search.handler;config.macros.search.handler=myMacroSearchHandler;var ownsOverwrittenFunctions=function(){var _16b=(config.macros.search.handler==myMacroSearchHandler);return _16b;};var checkForOtherHijacker=function(){if(!ownsOverwrittenFunctions()){alert("Message from YourSearchPlugin:\n\n\n"+"Another plugin has disabled the 'Your Search' features.\n\n\n"+"You may disable the other plugin or change the load order of \n"+"the plugins (by changing the names of the tiddlers)\n"+"to enable the 'Your Search' features.");}};setTimeout(checkForOtherHijacker,5000);abego.YourSearch.getStandardRankFunction=function(){return standardRankFunction;};abego.YourSearch.getRankFunction=function(){return abego.YourSearch.getStandardRankFunction();};abego.YourSearch.getCurrentTiddler=function(){return currentTiddler;};}
/***
%/
!Licence and Copyright
Copyright (c) abego Software ~GmbH, 2005-2006 ([[www.abego-software.de|http://www.abego-software.de]])
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this
list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other
materials provided with the distribution.
Neither the name of abego Software nor the names of its contributors may be
used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific
prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND ANY
EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES
OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT
SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT,
INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR
BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN
ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
DAMAGE.
***/
The ''abego software'' tag is for tiddlers - principally [[Plugin Macros]] and tags relating to [[abego Software]] and [[Udo Borkowski]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap "Udo Borkowski">> |<<siteMap "tiddlywiki developer">> |
/***
|Name|''allTagsExcept''|h
|Author|[[Clint Checketts]]|
|Version|1.0 (2005.09.08)|
|Description|Lists all tags except for those specified.|
|Source|http://tiddlystyles.com/#AllTagsExceptMacro|
***/
/***
|Usage:|{{{<< allTagsExcept systemConfig excludeLists systemTiddlers >>}}} This will show all tags but those listed (e.g. systemConfig and systemTiddlers|
<<allTagsExcept systemConfig excludeLists systemTiddlers >>
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.allTagsExcept = {major: 0, minor: 1, revision: 0, date: new Date(2005,8,15)};
config.macros.allTagsExcept = {tooltip: "Show tiddlers tagged with '%0'",noTags: "There are no tags to display"};
config.macros.allTagsExcept.handler = function(place,macroName,params)
{
var tags = store.getTags();
var theTagList = createTiddlyElement(place,"ul",null,null,null);
if(tags.length == 0)
createTiddlyElement(theTagList,"li",null,"listTitle",this.noTags);
for (var t=0; t<tags.length; t++) {
var includeTag = true;
for (var p=0;p<params.length; p++) if (tags[t][0] == params[p]) includeTag = false;
if (includeTag){
var theListItem =createTiddlyElement(theTagList,"li",null,null,null);
var theTag = createTiddlyButton(theListItem,tags[t][0] + " (" + tags[t][1] + ")",this.tooltip.format([tags[t][0]]),onClickTag);
theTag.setAttribute("tag",tags[t][0]);
}
}
}
//}}}
The ''ar4-wg2-spm'' tag identifies tiddlers from, or relating to the [[Climate Change 2007: Climate Change Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Summary for Policy Makers]] from [[Working Group II]] of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
The ''cascading styles'' tag is for tiddlers that contain, or are about [[Cascading Styles]] that define the appearance and characteristics of elements of the web page.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap css>> |
The '' '' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to
|<<siteMap >> |
The ''convention'' tag is used for tiddlers relating to international conventions - also commonly known as treaties.
The ''css'' tag is used for tiddlers or tags that contain or are about [[Cascading Style Sheets]] that define for layout and appearance of the web page and its elements.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |<<siteMap languages>> |
The ''css colours'' tag is used for tiddlers and tags that relate to - or define - the use of colour in [[Cascading Style Sheets]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap css>> |<<siteMap colour>> |
The ''css template'' tag is used for tiddlers - or tags - that are, or that relate to [[Cascading Style Sheet Templates]] that define the overall layout of the web site or sections of the web site.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap css>> |<<siteMap template>> |
The ''dataperfect'' tag is for tiddlers about DataPerfect, TiddlyWiki's partner in [[TiddlyWikiPerfect|TiddlyWikiPerfect: An emerging hybrid information species]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap toolbox>> |
The ''els design'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to Eric Shulman and ELS Design Studios, developer of the brilliant [[TiddlyTools]] web site.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap "tiddlywiki developer">> |
The ''environmental convention'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to [[Environmental Conventions]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap environment>> |<<siteMap convention>> |
/***
|Name|''fontSize''|h
|Author|[[Saq Imtiaz]]|
|Version|1.0|
|Description|Resize tiddler text on the fly. The text size is remembered between sessions by use of a cookie.|
|Source|http://lewcid.googlepages.com/lewcid.html#FontSizePlugin|
|TW Version|2.x|
***/
/***
You can customize the maximum and minimum allowed sizes. (only affects tiddler content text, not any other text)|
Also, you can load a TW file with a font-size specified in the url.
Eg: http://lewcid.googlepages.com/lewcid.html#font:110
!Demo:
Try using the font-size buttons in the sidebar, or in the MainMenu above.
!Installation:
Copy the contents of this tiddler to your TW, tag with systemConfig, save and reload your TW.
Then put {{{<<fontSize "font-size:">>}}} in your SideBarOptions tiddler, or anywhere else that you might like.
!Usage
{{{<<fontSize>>}}} results in <<fontSize>>
{{{<<fontSize font-size: >>}}} results in <<fontSize font-size:>>
!Customizing:
The buttons and prefix text are wrapped in a span with class fontResizer, for easy css styling.
To change the default font-size, and the maximum and minimum font-size allowed, edit the config.fontSize.settings section of the code below.
!Notes:
This plugin assumes that the initial font-size is 100% and then increases or decreases the size by 10%. This stepsize of 10% can also be customized.
!History:
*27-07-06, version 1.0 : prevented double clicks from triggering editing of containing tiddler.
*25-07-06, version 0.9
!Code
***/
//{{{
config.fontSize={};
//configuration settings
config.fontSize.settings =
{
defaultSize : 100, // all sizes in %
maxSize : 200,
minSize : 40,
stepSize : 10
};
//startup code
var fontSettings = config.fontSize.settings;
if (!config.options.txtFontSize)
{config.options.txtFontSize = fontSettings.defaultSize;
saveOptionCookie("txtFontSize");}
setStylesheet(".tiddler .viewer {font-size:"+config.options.txtFontSize+"%;}\n","fontResizerStyles");
setStylesheet("#contentWrapper .fontResizer .button {display:inline;font-size:105%; font-weight:bold; margin:0 1px; padding: 0 3px; text-align:center !important;}\n .fontResizer {margin:0 0.5em;}","fontResizerButtonStyles");
//macro
config.macros.fontSize={};
config.macros.fontSize.handler = function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var sp = createTiddlyElement(place,"span",null,"fontResizer");
sp.ondblclick=this.onDblClick;
if (params[0])
createTiddlyText(sp,params[0]);
createTiddlyButton(sp,"+","increase font-size",this.incFont);
createTiddlyButton(sp,"=","reset font-size",this.resetFont);
createTiddlyButton(sp,"–","decrease font-size",this.decFont);
}
config.macros.fontSize.onDblClick = function (e)
{
if (!e) var e = window.event;
e.cancelBubble = true;
if (e.stopPropagation) e.stopPropagation();
return false;
}
config.macros.fontSize.setFont = function ()
{
saveOptionCookie("txtFontSize");
setStylesheet(".tiddler .viewer {font-size:"+config.options.txtFontSize+"%;}\n","fontResizerStyles");
}
config.macros.fontSize.incFont=function()
{
if (config.options.txtFontSize < fontSettings.maxSize)
config.options.txtFontSize = (config.options.txtFontSize*1)+fontSettings.stepSize;
config.macros.fontSize.setFont();
}
config.macros.fontSize.decFont=function()
{
if (config.options.txtFontSize > fontSettings.minSize)
config.options.txtFontSize = (config.options.txtFontSize*1) - fontSettings.stepSize;
config.macros.fontSize.setFont();
}
config.macros.fontSize.resetFont=function()
{
config.options.txtFontSize=fontSettings.defaultSize;
config.macros.fontSize.setFont();
}
config.paramifiers.font =
{
onstart: function(v)
{
config.options.txtFontSize = v;
config.macros.fontSize.setFont();
}
};
//}}}
/***
|Name|''fullscreen''|h
|Author|[[Saq Imtiaz]]|
|Version|1.1|
|Description|Toggle between viewing tiddlers fullscreen and normally. Very handy for when you need more viewing space.|
|Source|http://lewcid.googlepages.com/lewcid.html#FullScreenPlugin|
|TW Version|2.x|
***/
/***
!Demo:
Click the ↕ button in the toolbar for this tiddler. Click it again to turn off fullscreen.
!Installation:
Copy the contents of this tiddler to your TW, tag with systemConfig, save and reload your TW.
Edit the ViewTemplate to add the fullscreen command to the toolbar.
!History:
*25-07-06: ver 1.1
*20-07-06: ver 1.0
!Code
***/
//{{{
var lewcidFullScreen = false;
config.commands.fullscreen =
{
text:" ↕ ",
tooltip:"Fullscreen mode"
};
config.commands.fullscreen.handler = function (event,src,title)
{
if (lewcidFullScreen == false)
{
lewcidFullScreen = true;
setStylesheet('#sidebar, .header, #mainMenu{display:none;} #displayArea{margin:0em 0 0 0 !important;}',"lewcidFullScreenStyle");
}
else
{
lewcidFullScreen = false;
setStylesheet(' ',"lewcidFullScreenStyle");
}
}
config.macros.fullscreen={};
config.macros.fullscreen.handler = function(place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler)
{
var label = params[0]||" ↕ ";
var tooltip = params[1]||"Fullscreen mode";
createTiddlyButton(place,label,tooltip,config.commands.fullscreen.handler);
}
var lewcid_fullscreen_closeTiddler = Story.prototype.closeTiddler;
Story.prototype.closeTiddler =function(title,animate,slowly)
{
lewcid_fullscreen_closeTiddler.apply(this,arguments);
if (story.isEmpty() && lewcidFullScreen == true)
config.commands.fullscreen.handler();
}
Slider.prototype.lewcidStop = Slider.prototype.stop;
Slider.prototype.stop = function()
{
this.lewcidStop();
if (story.isEmpty() && lewcidFullScreen == true)
config.commands.fullscreen.handler();
}
//}}}
The ''html tag'' is used for tiddlers that involve the use of HTML formatting tags. Tiddlers tagged with ''html tag'' are displayed below.
The ''iframe'' tag is used for tiddlers that use the HTML tag <iframe< to display a page or site from another web site inside this site. Tiddlers tagged with ''iframe'' are displayed below. Note: not all relevant tiddlers with have been so tagged.
To create an {{{<iframe>}}} tiddler that displays the contents of an external web page, copy the highlighted area into a new tiddler, and then insert the corresponding *url* - in two places - and *title*. If you wish, you can change the width or height of the tiddler, the background colour, border, etc around the displayed site.
{{{
@@font-size:90%;''Note'': This is a "framed" page from the web site.
You can view this page in a separate browser tab or window at @@
<html><iframe
src = ""
title = ""
style="
background-color:#ffffff;
border-color:#ffffff;
border:none;"
width = "100%"
height = "1000"
frameborder = "0"
scrolling = "yes">
</iframe></html>
}}}
The ''import'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to [[Importing tiddlers]], as well as [[Importing]] in general.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap "free exchange">> |<<siteMap economics>> |
The ''import/export'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to [[Import and Export]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap trading>> |
The ''melting ice'' tag is used for tiddlers relating to the critical issue of melting ice, snow and glaciers - widely perceived as the critical "tipping point" in relation to climate change.
The 'menu' tag is used to identify tiddlers containing, or about the muse of [[TiddlyWiki menus]]
|<<siteMap menu>> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |
The ''site map'' tag is used to identify tiddlers about [[Site Maps]] or that contain a site map.
|<<siteMap "site map">> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |
/***
| Name:|SiteMapMacro|
| Author:|Simon Baird|
| Location:|http://mptw2.tiddlyspot.com/#SiteMapMacro|
| Version:|1.0.3, 15-Mar-06|
!!Examples
See SiteMap and SliderSiteMap for example usage.
!!Parameters
* Name of tiddler to start at
* Max depth (a number)
* Format (eg, nested, see formats below)
* Don't show root flag (anything other than null turns it on)
* Tags - a string containing a bracketed list of tags that we are interested in
!!History
* 1.0.3 (15-Mar-06)
** added tag filtering
* 1.0.2 (15-Mar-06)
** Added json format and dontshowroot option
* 1.0.1 (9-Mar-06)
** Added selectable formats and fixed nested slider format
* 1.0.0 (8-Mar-06)
** first release
***/
//{{{
version.extensions.SiteMapMacro = {
major: 1,
minor: 0,
revision: 3,
date: new Date(2006,3,15),
source: "http://simonbaird.com/mptw/#SiteMapMacro"
};
config.macros.siteMap = {
formats: {
bullets: {
formatString: "%0[[%1]]\n%2",
indentString: "*"
},
// put this in your StyleSheet to make it look good.
// .sliderPanel { margin-left: 2em; }
sliders: {
formatString: "[[%1]]+++\n%2===\n\n",
formatStringLeaf: "[[%1]]\n"
},
openSliders: {
formatString: "[[%1]]++++\n%2===\n\n",
formatStringLeaf: "[[%1]]\n"
},
popups: {
formatString: "[[%1]]+++^\n%2===\n\n",
formatStringLeaf: "[[%1]]\n"
},
// these don't work too well
openPopups: {
formatString: "[[%1]]++++^\n%2===\n\n",
formatStringLeaf: "[[%1]]\n"
},
// this is a little nuts but it works
json: {
formatString: '\n%0{"%1":[%2\n%0]}',
formatStringLeaf: '\n%0"%1"',
indentString: " ",
separatorString: ","
}
},
defaultFormat: "bullets",
treeTraverse: function(title,depth,maxdepth,format,dontshowroot,tags,excludetags) {
var tiddler = store.getTiddler(title);
var tagging = store.getTaggedTiddlers(title);
if (dontshowroot)
depth = 0;
var indent = "";
if (this.formats[format].indentString)
for (var j=0;j<depth;j++)
indent += this.formats[format].indentString;
var childOutput = "";
if (!maxdepth || depth < parseInt(maxdepth))
for (var i=0;i<tagging.length;i++)
if (tagging[i].title != title) {
if (this.formats[format].separatorString && i != 0)
childOutput += this.formats[format].separatorString;
childOutput += this.treeTraverse(tagging[i].title,depth+1,maxdepth,format,null,tags,excludetags);
}
if (childOutput == "" && (
(tags && tags != "" && !tiddler.tags.containsAll(tags.readBracketedList())) ||
(excludetags && excludetags != "" && tiddler.tags.containsAny(excludetags.readBracketedList()))
)
) {
// so prune it cos it doesn't have the right tags and neither do any of it's children
return "";
}
if (dontshowroot)
return childOutput;
if (this.formats[format].formatStringLeaf && childOutput == "") {
// required for nestedSliders
return this.formats[format].formatStringLeaf.format([indent,title,childOutput]);
}
return this.formats[format].formatString.format([indent,title,childOutput]);
},
handler: function (place,macroName,params,wikifier,paramString,tiddler) {
wikify(this.treeTraverse(
params[0] && params[0] != '.' ? params[0] : tiddler.title, 1,
params[1] && params[1] != '.' ? params[1] : null, // maxdepth
params[2] && params[2] != '.' ? params[2] : this.defaultFormat, // format
params[3] && params[3] != '.' ? params[3] : null, // dontshowroot
params[4] && params[4] != '.' ? params[4] : null, // tags
params[5] && params[5] != '.' ? params[5] : null // excludetags
),place);
}
}
//}}}
The ''snow'' tag is tor tiddlers and tags relating to snow.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap cryosphere>> |<<siteMap freshwater>> |
The ''systemConfig'' tag is used for [[Plugin Macros]] and instructs TiddlyWiki to include the plugin in its Javascript engine when the web page is loaded.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |<<siteMap javascript>> |
The ''tag'' tag is used for tiddlers that are only used as tags.
The ''tag template'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to [[Tag templates]] that can be useful when creating and editing tiddlers.
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap template>> |<<siteMap tags>> |
The ''template'' tag is used for tiddlers that contain or are about [[Templates]].
<<siteMap >>
Type the ''tiddlers'' is used to identify tiddlers that are about [[Tiddlers]] or are categories of tiddlers.
|<<siteMap tiddlers>> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |
The ''tiddlywiki'' tag is used to identify tiddlers and tags that are either about TiddlyWiki or TiddlyWiki features.
|<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |<<siteMap toolbox>> |
The ''tiddlywiki developer'' tag is used to identify members of the [[TiddlyWiki Development Community]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |
The ''tiddlywikiperfect'' tag is used for tiddlers involving sites developed - in full or in part - through a partnership between TiddlyWiki and DataPerfect, and for tiddlers otherwise relating to [[TiddlyWikiPerfect|TiddlyWikiPerfect: An emerging hybrid information species]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap tiddlywiki>> |<<siteMap dataperfect>> |
The ''toolbox'' tag is used to identify elements of the [[Climate Change 2.0 Toolbox]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap cc2.0>> |
The ''un'' tag is for tiddlers - or tags - concerning the [[United Nations]]
<<siteMap >>
The '' '' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to, or containing official [[United Nations documents]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap un>> |<<siteMap documents>> |
The ''un dpi'' tag is used to identify tiddlers relating to the [[United Nations Department of Public Information]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap un>> |
The ''un-documents'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to, or based on, the web site of the [[UN Documents Cooperation Circles: Gathering a Body of Global Agreements]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap cc2.0>> |<<siteMap "un documents">> |
The ''unced'' tag is for tiddlers relating to the 1992 [[United Nations Conference on Environment and Development]] - also known as the [[Earth Summit]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap un>> |<<siteMap "a-conf-151">> |
The ''unep'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to the [[United Nations Environment Programme]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap un >> |<<siteMap environment>> |
The ''unesco'' tag is for tiddlers and tags relating to [[UNESCO]], the [[United Nations Educational, Cultural and Scientific Organization]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap un >> |<<siteMap education>> |<<siteMap culture>> |<<siteMap science>> |
The ''unfcc'' tag is for tiddlers relating to the [[United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change]]
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap un>> |<<siteMap "climate change">> |
The ''vanishing habitat'' is for tiddlers relating to the critical issue of [[Vanishing Habitat]].
|<<siteMap >> |<<siteMap biodiversity>> |<<siteMap habitat>> |<<siteMap "biological species">> |
/***
|Name|''wikipedia''|h
|Author|[[Frank Dellaert]]|
|Version|1.01|
|Description|A Plugin Macro to easily create a link to a [[Wikipedia|http://en.wikipedia.org]] entry.|
|Source|http://www-static.cc.gatech.edu/~dellaert/dhtml/tiddly.html#WikipediaPlugin|
***/
/***
!!!Example
{{{<<wikipedia Bibtex>>}}}
<<wikipedia Bibtex>>
!!!Installation
Import (or copy/paste) this tiddler into your document: and tag it with "systemConfig"
!!!Code
***/
//{{{
config.macros.wikipedia = {};
config.macros.wikipedia.handler= function(place,macroName,params) {
var key=params[0];
wikify("[["+key+"|http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"+key+"]]",place)
}
//}}}
